Geburt und Beckenboden

Oliver Preyer1, Philipp Fößleitner1
1Abteilung für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Landeskrankenhaus Villach, Villach, Österreich

Tóm tắt

Eine Spontangeburt steigert bekannterweise das Risiko für eine Harninkontinenz und/oder einen uterovaginalen Prolaps im späteren Leben jeder Frau. Die Suche nach effektiven Präventionsmaßnahmen und Optimierungen im Geburtsmanagement beschäftigt die Forschung daher seit vielen Jahrzehnten. Die Hauptursachen der Beckenbodendysfunktion nach einer Geburt sind dabei die Verletzung des Beckenbodens durch Kompression, Zerrungen, Ab- und Ausriss von Nerven, Muskeln und Bindegewebsfasern. Der Abriss des M. levator ani spielt dabei in der Entstehung von Inkontinenz und Prolaps eine wichtige Rolle. Vielfach wird die Entbindung per Sectio caesarea als effektive Prävention zur Verhinderung von Harninkontinenz und Prolaps angesehen, ein Blick auf die aktuelle Datenlage bestätigt diese These jedoch nicht. Die einzigen evidenzbasierten Methoden zur Prävention von Harninkontinenz und Prolaps sind derzeit das Beckenbodentraining während und nach der Schwangerschaft sowie Lebensstilmodifikationen.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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