GLEAM v3: bay hơi từ mặt đất và độ ẩm đất trong vùng rễ dựa trên dữ liệu vệ tinh

Geoscientific Model Development - Tập 10 Số 5 - Trang 1903-1925
Brecht Martens1, Diego G. Miralles2,1, Hans Lievens3,1, Robin van der Schalie2,4, Richard de Jeu4, Diego Fernández‐Prieto5, Hylke E. Beck6, Wouter Dorigo7,1, Niko E. C. Verhoest1
1Laboratory of Hydrology and Water Management, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
2Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085–1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
3Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, 20771 Maryland, USA
4Transmissivity/VanderSat B.V., Space Technology Center, Huygensstraat 34, 2201 DK Noordwijk, Netherlands
5European Space Research Institute (ESRIN), European Space Agency (ESA), Via Galileo Galilei 64, 00044 Frascati, Italy
6Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Comission, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
7Department of Geodesy and Geo-Information, Vienna University of Technology, Gußhausstraße 25–29, 1040 Vienna, Austria

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt. Mô hình Bay hơi Đất Toàn cầu Amsterdam (GLEAM) là một tập hợp các thuật toán dành cho việc ước lượng bay hơi trên đất và độ ẩm đất trong vùng rễ từ dữ liệu vệ tinh. Kể từ khi phát triển vào năm 2011, mô hình này đã được chỉnh sửa định kỳ, nhằm tối ưu hóa việc kết hợp các biến địa vật lý mới quan sát từ vệ tinh, và cải thiện việc mô phỏng các quá trình vật lý. Trong nghiên cứu này, phiên bản tiếp theo của mô hình này (v3) được trình bày. Các thay đổi chính so với phiên bản trước bao gồm (1) một công thức điều chỉnh lại áp lực bay hơi, (2) thuật toán thoát nước được tối ưu hóa, và (3) một hệ thống đồng bộ hóa dữ liệu độ ẩm đất mới. GLEAM v3 được sử dụng để sản xuất ba bộ dữ liệu mới về bay hơi trên đất và độ ẩm đất trong vùng rễ, bao gồm một bộ dữ liệu 36 năm kéo dài từ 1980 đến 2015, được gọi là v3a (dựa trên độ ẩm đất quan sát từ vệ tinh, độ sâu quang học thực vật và tương đương nước tuyết, nhiệt độ không khí tái phân tích và bức xạ, cùng với một sản phẩm mưa đa nguồn), và hai bộ dữ liệu dựa trên vệ tinh. Hai bộ dữ liệu sau chia sẻ phần lớn các yếu tố kiểm soát của chúng, ngoại trừ độ sâu quang học thực vật và độ ẩm đất, được dựa trên các quan sát từ các cảm biến vi sóng thụ động và chủ động khoảng C- và L-band (Sáng kiến Biến đổi Khí hậu của Cơ quan Vũ trụ Châu Âu, ESA CCI) cho bộ dữ liệu v3b (từ 2003-2015) và các quan sát từ vệ tinh Độ ẩm và Độ mặn Đại dương (SMOS) trong bộ dữ liệu v3c (từ 2011-2015). Tại đây, ba bộ dữ liệu này được mô tả chi tiết, so sánh với các bộ dữ liệu tương tự được tạo ra bằng phiên bản trước của GLEAM (v2), và được xác nhận so với các phép đo từ 91 tháp covarience quay và 2325 cảm biến độ ẩm đất trên một loạt hệ sinh thái đa dạng. Các kết quả chỉ ra rằng chất lượng độ ẩm đất v3 tốt hơn đáng kể so với v2: hệ số tương quan trung bình so với các phép đo độ ẩm đất bề mặt tại chỗ tăng từ 0.61 lên 0.64 trong trường hợp của bộ dữ liệu v3a và sự biểu diễn độ ẩm đất trong lớp thứ hai cũng được cải thiện, với các hệ số tương quan tăng từ 0.47 lên 0.53. Cải thiện tương tự được quan sát đối với các bộ dữ liệu v3b và c. Mặc dù có sự khác biệt khu vực, chất lượng của các luồng bay hơi vẫn tương tự như phiên bản trước của GLEAM, với các hệ số tương quan trung bình so với các phép đo covarience quay dao động từ 0.78 đến 0.81 cho các bộ dữ liệu khác nhau. Các bộ dữ liệu toàn cầu về bay hơi trên đất và độ ẩm đất trong vùng rễ này hiện đã có sẵn công khai tại www.GLEAM.eu và có thể được sử dụng cho các ứng dụng thủy văn quy mô lớn, các nghiên cứu khí hậu, hoặc nghiên cứu về phản hồi giữa đất và khí quyển.

Từ khóa


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