GH11 xylanases: Structure/function/properties relationships and applications

Biotechnology Advances - Tập 30 Số 3 - Trang 564-592 - 2012
Gabriel Paës1,2, Jean‐Guy Berrin3,4, Johnny Beaugrand1,2
1Fractionnement des AgroRessources et Environnement
2Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne
3Aix Marseille Université
4Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Adams, 2004, Inactivated enzymes as probes of the structure of arabinoxylans as observed by atomic force microscopy, Carbohydr Res, 339, 579, 10.1016/j.carres.2003.11.023

Adelsberger, 2004, Enzyme system of Clostridium stercorarium for hydrolysis of arabinoxylan: reconstitution of the in vivo system from recombinant enzymes, Microbiology, 150, 2257-26, 10.1099/mic.0.27066-0

Akyol, 2009, Cloning of a xylanase gene xyn2A from rumen fungus Neocallimastix sp. GMLF2 in Escherichia coli and its partial characterization, Biologia, 64, 664, 10.2478/s11756-009-0140-5

Al Balaa, 2006, Identification, cloning, and expression of the Scytalidium acidophilum XYL1 gene encoding for an acidophilic xylanase, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 70, 269, 10.1271/bbb.70.269

Alcocer, 2003, Comparison of modular and non-modular xylanases as carrier proteins for the efficient secretion of heterologous proteins from Penicillium funiculosum, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 60, 726, 10.1007/s00253-002-1184-4

Amaya-Delgado, 2010, Cloning and expression of a novel, moderately thermostable xylanase-encoding gene (Cfl xyn11A) from Cellulomonas flavigena, Bioresour Technol, 101, 5539, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.057

André-Leroux, 2008, Structure-based mutagenesis of Penicillium griseofulvum xylanase using computational design, Proteins, 72, 1298, 10.1002/prot.22029

Arantes, 2010, Cellulose accessibility limits the effectiveness of minimum cellulase loading on the efficient hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic substrates, Biotechnol Biofuels, 4, 3, 10.1186/1754-6834-4-3

Arase, 1993, Stabilisation of xylanase by random mutagenesis, FEBS Lett, 316, 123, 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81199-A

Aurilia, 2000, Three multidomain esterases from the cellulolytic rumen anaerobe Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17 that carry divergent dockerin sequences, Microbiology, 146, 1391, 10.1099/00221287-146-6-1391

Aÿ, 1998, Structure and function of the Bacillus hybrid enzyme GluXyn-1: native-like jellyroll fold preserved after insertion of autonomous globular domain, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 6613, 10.1073/pnas.95.12.6613

Balakrishnan, 2002, Characterization of alkaline thermoactive cellulase-free xylanases from alkalophilic Bacillus (NCL 87-6-10), J Biochem Mol Biol Biophys, 6, 325, 10.1080/1025814021000003229

Basaran, 2001, Cloning and heterologous expression of xylanase from Pichia stipitis in Escherichia coli, J Appl Microbiol, 90, 248, 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01237.x

Bayer, 2004, The cellulosomes: multienzyme machines for degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides, Annu Rev Microbiol, 58, 521, 10.1146/annurev.micro.57.030502.091022

Beaugrand, 2004, Impact and efficiency of GH10 and GH11 thermostable endoxylanases on wheat bran and alkali-extractable arabinoxylans, Carbohydr Res, 339, 2529, 10.1016/j.carres.2004.08.012

Beaugrand, 2004, Structure, chemical composition, and xylanase degradation of external layers isolated from developing wheat grain, J Agric Food Chem, 52, 7108, 10.1021/jf049529w

Beaugrand, 2004, Xylanase-mediated hydrolysis of wheat bran: evidence for subcellular heterogeneity of cell walls, Int J Plant Sci, 165, 553, 10.1086/386554

Beaugrand, 2005, Probing the cell wall heterogeneity of micro-dissected wheat caryopsis using both active and inactive forms of a GH11 xylanase, Planta, 222, 246, 10.1007/s00425-005-1538-0

Beg, 2001, Microbial xylanases and their industrial applications: a review, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 56, 326, 10.1007/s002530100704

Belancic, 1995, Penicillium purpurogenum produces several xylanases: purification and properties of two of the enzymes, J Biotechnol, 41, 71, 10.1016/0168-1656(95)00057-W

Belien, 2005, Cloning and characterization of two endoxylanases from the cereal phytopathogen Fusarium graminearum and their inhibition profile against endoxylanase inhibitors from wheat, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 327, 407, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.12.036

Belien, 2007, Engineering molecular recognition of endoxylanase enzymes and their inhibitors through phage display, J Mol Recognit, 20, 103, 10.1002/jmr.818

Belien, 2007, Engineering molecular recognition of endoxylanase enzymes and their inhibitors through phage display, J Mol Recognit, 20, 103, 10.1002/jmr.818

Béra-Maillet, 2005, Xylanases and carboxymethylcellulases of the rumen protozoa Polyplastron multivesiculatum, Eudiplodinium maggii and Entodinium sp., FEMS Microbiol Lett, 244, 149, 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.01.035

Bérenger, 1985, Production, purification, and properties of thermostable xylanase from Clostridium stercorarium, Can J Microbiol, 31, 635, 10.1139/m85-120

Berman, 2000, The Protein Data Bank, Nucleic Acids Res, 28, 235, 10.1093/nar/28.1.235

Berrin, 2008, Factors affecting xylanase functionality in the degradation of arabinoxylans, Biotechnol Lett, 30, 1139, 10.1007/s10529-008-9669-6

Berrin, 2000, High-level production of recombinant fungal endo-β-1,4-xylanase in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, Protein Expr Purif, 19, 179, 10.1006/prep.2000.1229

Berrin, 2007, Substrate and product hydrolysis specificity in family 11 glycoside hydrolases: an analysis of Penicillium funiculosum and Penicillium griseofulvum xylanases, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 74, 1001, 10.1007/s00253-006-0764-0

Betz, 2004, Long-range nature of the interactions between titrable groups in Bacillus agaradhaerens family 11 xylanase: pH titration of B. agaradhaerens xylanase, Biochemistry, 43, 5820, 10.1021/bi049948m

Biely, 1985, Microbial xylanolytic systems, Trends Biotechnol, 3, 286, 10.1016/0167-7799(85)90004-6

Biely, 1981, Substrate-binding site of endo-1,4-β-xylanase of the yeast Cryptococcus albidus, Eur J Biochem, 119, 559, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1981.tb05644.x

Biely, 1985, Sensitive detection of endo-1,4-β-glucanases and endo-1,4-xylanases in gels, Anal Biochem, 144, 147, 10.1016/0003-2697(85)90096-X

Biely, 1986, Cooperativity of esterases and xylanases in the enzymatic degradation of acetyl xylan, Bio/Technology, 4, 731, 10.1038/nbt0886-731

Biely, 1993, Catalytic properties of endo-β-1,4-xylanases of Trichoderma reesei, 125

Biely, 1994, Stereochemistry of the hydrolysis of glycosidic linkage by endo-b-1,4-xylanases of Trichoderma reesei, FEBS Lett, 356, 137, 10.1016/0014-5793(94)01248-2

Biely, 1997, Endo-β-1,4-xylanases families: differences in catalytic properties, J Biotechnol, 57, 151, 10.1016/S0168-1656(97)00096-5

Black, 1995, A modular xylanase containing a novel non-catalytic xylan-specific binding domain, Biochem J, 307, 191, 10.1042/bj3070191

Bolam, 2001, Evidence for synergy between family 2b carbohydrate binding modules in Cellulomonas fimi xylanase 11A, Biochemistry, 40, 2468, 10.1021/bi002564l

Bourgois, 2007, Targeted molecular engineering of a family 11 endoxylanase to decrease its sensitivity towards Triticum aestivum endoxylanase inhibitor types, J Biotechnol, 130, 95, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.02.011

Bray, 1992, Action pattern of xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis by Schizophyllum commune xylanase A, Eur J Biochem, 204, 191, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1992.tb16623.x

Breccia, 1998, Purification and characterization of a thermostable xylanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Enzyme Microb Technol, 22, 42, 10.1016/S0141-0229(97)00102-6

Brijs, 2004, Combined effects of endoxylanases and reduced water levels in pasta production, Cereal Chem, 81, 361, 10.1094/CCHEM.2004.81.3.361

Broekaert, 2011, Prebiotic and other health-related effects of cereal-derived arabinoxylans, arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides, and xylooligosaccharides, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 51, 178, 10.1080/10408390903044768

Brutus, 2004, The inhibition specificity of recombinant Penicillium funiculosum xylanase B towards wheat proteinaceous inhibitors, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1701, 121, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2004.06.010

Brutus, 2005, A family 11 xylanase from the pathogen Botrytis cinerea is inhibited by plant endoxylanase inhibitors XIP-I and TAXI-I, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 337, 160, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.030

Buchert, 1994, Application of xylanases in the pulp and paper industry, Bioresour Technol, 50, 65, 10.1016/0960-8524(94)90222-4

Butt, 2008, Xylanases and their applications in baking industry, Food Technol Biotechnol, 46, 22

Campbell, 1993, A comparison of the structure of the 20kD xylanases from Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus circulans, 63

Cantarel, 2009, The Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes database (CAZy): an expert resource for glycogenomics, Nucleic Acids Res, 37, D233, 10.1093/nar/gkn663

Cao, 2007, De novo synthesis, constitutive expression of Aspergillus sulphureus β-xylanase gene in Pichia pastoris and partial enzymic characterization, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 76, 579, 10.1007/s00253-007-0978-9

Carmona, 1998, Purification and biochemical characterization of an endoxylanase from Aspergillus versicolor, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 166, 311, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb13906.x

Cavicchioli, 2002, Low-temperature extremophiles and their applications, Curr Opin Biotechnol, 13, 253, 10.1016/S0958-1669(02)00317-8

Cazemier, 1999, Molecular and biochemical characterization of two xylanase-encoding genes from Cellulomonas pachnodae, Appl Environ Microbiol, 65, 4099, 10.1128/AEM.65.9.4099-4107.1999

Cepeljnik, 2004, Isolation and characterization of the Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans Mz5T xylanase XynT — the first family 11 endoxylanase from rumen Butyrivibrio-related bacteria, Enzyme Microb Technol, 34, 219, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2003.10.012

Cervera Tison, 2009, Molecular determinants of substrate and inhibitor specificities of the Penicillium griseofulvum family 11 xylanases, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1794, 438, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.11.024

Chang, 2004, Cloning and characterization of two thermostable xylanases from an alkaliphilic Bacillus firmus, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 319, 1017, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.078

Chen, 2001, Directed evolution to produce an alkalophilic variant from a Neocallimastix patriciarum xylanase, Can J Microbiol, 47, 1088, 10.1139/cjm-47-12-1088

Cheng, 2005, Cloning and expression of Thermobifida xylanase gene in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, Enzyme Microb Technol, 37, 541, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.04.006

Cheng, 2008, Cloning, characterization and phylogenetic relationships of stxI, a endoxylanase-encoding gene from Streptomyces thermonitrificans NTU-88, Bioresour Technol, 99, 227, 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.11.023

Chiku, 2008, Characterization of a novel polyphenol-specific oligoxyloside transfer reaction by a family 11 xylanase from Bacillus sp. KT12, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 72, 2285, 10.1271/bbb.80116

Cho, 1995, Nucleotide sequence analysis of an endo-xylanase gene (xynA) from Bacillus stearothermophilus, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 5, 117

Cho, 1996, Overproduction, purification, and characterization of Bacillus stearothermophilus endo-xylanase A (XynA), J Microbiol Biotechnol, 6, 79

Christophersen, 1997, Xylanases in wheat separation, Starch-Starke, 49, 5, 10.1002/star.19970490104

Claassen, 1999, Utilisation of biomass for the supply of energy carriers, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 52, 741, 10.1007/s002530051586

Collins, 2002, A novel family 8 xylanase, functional and physicochemical characterization, J Biol Chem, 277, 35133, 10.1074/jbc.M204517200

Collins, 2005, Xylanases, xylanase families and extremophilic xylanases, FEMS Microbiol Rev, 29, 3, 10.1016/j.femsre.2004.06.005

Collins, 2006, Use of glycosidic hydrolase family 8 xylanases in baking, J Cereal Sci, 43, 79, 10.1016/j.jcs.2005.08.002

Comtat, 1983, Isolation, properties and postulated role of some of the xylanases from the basidiomycete Sporotrichum dimorphosporum, Carbohydr Res, 118, 215, 10.1016/0008-6215(83)88049-5

Connelly, 2000, Analysis of the dynamic properties of Bacillus circulans xylanase upon formation of a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate, Protein Sci, 9, 512, 10.1110/ps.9.3.512

Correia, 2011, Structure and function of an arabinoxylan-specific xylanase, J Biol Chem, 286, 22510, 10.1074/jbc.M110.217315

Cortés, 2005, A path planning approach for computing large-amplitude motions of flexible molecules, Bioinformatics, 21, i116, 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti1017

Courtin, 2002, Arabinoxylans and endoxylanases in wheat flour bread-making, J Cereal Sci, 35, 225, 10.1006/jcrs.2001.0433

Couturier, 2010, Podospora anserina hemicellulases potentiate the Trichoderma reesei secretome for saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass, Appl Environ Microbiol, 77, 237, 10.1128/AEM.01761-10

Cuyvers S, Dornez E, Delcour J, Courtin C. Occurence and functional significance of secondary carbohydrate binding sites in glycoside hydrolases. Crit Rev Biotechnol in press. doi: 10.3109/07388551.2011.561537.

Dalbøge, 1994, A novel method for efficient expression cloning of fungal enzyme genes, Mol Gen Genet, 243, 253, 10.1007/BF00301060

Daniel, 1996, The denaturation and degradation of stable enzymes at high temperatures, Biochem J, 317, 1, 10.1042/bj3170001

Das, 2006, Enzyme treatment of wool and specialty hair fibers, Text Res J, 76, 126, 10.1177/0040517506063387

Davies, 1997, Nomenclature for sugar-binding subsites in glycosyl hydrolases, Biochem J, 321, 557, 10.1042/bj3210557

Davoodi, 1998, Scan-rate dependence in protein calorimetry: the reversible transitions of Bacillus circulans xylanase and a disulfide-bridge mutant, Protein Sci, 7, 1538, 10.1002/pro.5560070707

de Graaf, 1994, Regulation of the xylanase-encoding xlnA gene of Aspergillus tubigensis, Mol Microbiol, 12, 479, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01036.x

de Lemos Esteves, 2004, Acidophilic adaptation of family 11 endo-β-1,4-xylanases: modeling and mutational analysis, Protein Sci, 13, 1209, 10.1110/ps.03556104

de Lemos Esteves, 2005, Improving the alkalophilic performances of the Xyl1 xylanase from Streptomyces sp. S38: structural comparison and mutational analysis, Protein Sci, 14, 292, 10.1110/ps.04978705

Dean, 1991, Ethylene biosynthesis-inducing xylanase. 2. Purification and physical characterization of the enzyme produced by Trichoderma viride, Plant Physiol, 95, 316, 10.1104/pp.95.1.316

Debeire-Gosselin, 1992, Purification and properties of a 22kDa endoxylanase excreted by a new strain of thermophilic Bacillus, 463

DeBoy, 2008, Insights into plant cell wall degradation from the genome sequence of the soil bacterium Cellvibrio japonicus, J Bacteriol, 190, 5455, 10.1128/JB.01701-07

Debyser, 1997, Arabinoxylan solubilization and inhibition of the barley malt xylanolytic system by wheat during mashing with wheat wholemeal adjunct: evidence for a new class of enzyme inhibitors in wheat, J Am Soc Brew Chem, 55, 153

Decelle, 2004, Cloning, functional expression and characterization of three Phanerochaete chrysosporium endo-1,4-β-xylanases, Curr Genet, 46, 166, 10.1007/s00294-004-0520-x

Degefu, 2001, Cloning, sequencing and expression of a xylanase gene from the maize pathogen Helminthosporium turcicum, Eur J Plant Pathol, 107, 457, 10.1023/A:1011261812760

Delano, 2004

Derewenda, 1994, Crystal structure at 2.6-Å resolution, of the Streptomyces lividans xylanase A, a member of the F family of β-1,4-d-glycanases, J Biol Chem, 269, 20811, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)31892-6

Devillard, 1999, A xylanase produced by the rumen anaerobic protozoan Polyplastron multivesiculatum shows close sequence similarity to family 11 xylanases from Gram-positive bacteria, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 181, 145, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08837.x

Dodd, 2009, Enzymatic deconstruction of xylan for biofuel production, GCB Bioenergy, 1, 2, 10.1111/j.1757-1707.2009.01004.x

Dornez, 2007, Impact of wheat flour-associated endoxylanases on arabinoxylan in dough after mixing and resting, J Agric Food Chem, 55, 7149, 10.1021/jf071363m

Dornez, 2010, Accumulated evidence substantiates a role for three classes of wheat xylanase inhibitors in plant defense, Crit Rev Plant Sci, 29, 244, 10.1080/07352689.2010.487780

Dornez, 2011, Inactive fluorescently labeled xylanase as a novel probe for microscopic analysis of arabinoxylan containing cereal cell walls, J Agric Food Chem, 59, 6369, 10.1021/jf200746g

Dumon, 2008, Engineering hyperthermostability into a GH11 xylanase is mediated by subtle changes to protein structure, J Biol Chem, 283, 22557, 10.1074/jbc.M800936200

Durand, 1996, Molecular characterization of xyn3, a member of the endoxylanase multigene family of the rumen anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis, Curr Genet, 30, 531, 10.1007/s002940050166

Durand, 2005, Emergence of a subfamily of xylanase inhibitors within glycoside hydrolase family 18, FEBS J, 272, 1745, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04606.x

Emami, 2001, Characterization of a xylanase gene from Cochliobolus sativus and its expression, Mycol Res, 105, 352, 10.1017/S0953756201003689

Emami, 2002, Evidence for temporal regulation of the two Pseudomonas cellulosa xylanases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 11, J Bacteriol, 184, 4124, 10.1128/JB.184.15.4124-4133.2002

Facchiano, 1998, Helix stabilizing factors and stabilization of thermophilic proteins: an X-ray based study, Protein Eng, 11, 753, 10.1093/protein/11.9.753

Fanutti, 1995, The conserved noncatalytic 40-residue sequence in cellulases and hemicellulases from anaerobic fungi function as a protein docking domain, J Biol Chem, 270, 20314, 10.1074/jbc.270.49.29314

Feller, 2003, Molecular adaptations to cold in psychrophilic enzymes, Cell Mol Life Sci, 60, 648, 10.1007/s00018-003-2155-3

Fenel, 2004, A de novo designed N-terminal disulphide bridge stabilizes the Trichoderma reesei endo-1,4-β-xylanase II, J Biotechnol, 108, 137, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2003.11.002

Fernandes, 1999, Homologous xylanases from Clostridium thermocellum: evidence for bi-functional activity, synergism between xylanase catalytic modules and the presence of xylan-binding domains in enzyme complexes, Biochem J, 342, 105, 10.1042/0264-6021:3420105

Fernandez-Espinar, 1993, Purification and characterization of a neutral endoxylanase from Aspergillus nidulans, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 113, 223, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06518.x

Fernandez-Espinar, 1996, Construction of an Aspergillus nidulans multicopy transformant for the xlnB gene and its use in purifying the minor X24 xylanase, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 45, 338, 10.1007/s002530050693

Fierens, 2007

Fierens, 2005, His374 of wheat endoxylanase inhibitor TAXI-I stabilizes complex formation with glycoside hydrolase family 11 endoxylanases, FEBS J, 272, 5872, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04987.x

Fierens, 2007, TLXI, a novel type of xylanase inhibitor from wheat (Triticum aestivum) belonging to the thaumatin family, Biochem J, 403, 583, 10.1042/BJ20061291

Flatman, 2002, Interactions defining the specificity between fungal xylanases and the xylanase-inhibiting protein XIP-I from wheat, Biochem J, 365, 773, 10.1042/bj20020168

Flint, 1991, Expression of two xylanases genes from the rumen cellulolytic bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17 cloned in pUC13, J Gen Microbiol, 137, 123, 10.1099/00221287-137-1-123

Flint, 1993, A bifunctional enzyme, with separate xylanase and beta(1,3-1,4)-glucanase domains, encoded by the xynD gene of Ruminococcus flavefaciens, J Bacteriol, 175, 2943, 10.1128/jb.175.10.2943-2951.1993

Forsberg, 2000, Microbial adherence to the plant cell wall and enzymatic hydrolysis, 79

Frederix, 2003, Impact of xylanases with different substrate selectivity on gluten–starch separation of wheat flour, J Agric Food Chem, 51, 7338, 10.1021/jf0345393

Frederix, 2004, Substrate selectivity and inhibitor sensitivity affect xylanase functionality in wheat flour gluten–starch separation, J Cereal Sci, 40, 41, 10.1016/j.jcs.2004.04.002

Fuchs, 1989, Ethylene biosynthesis-inducing protein from cellulysin is an endoxylanase, Plant Physiol, 89, 138, 10.1104/pp.89.1.138

Fujimoto, 2004, Crystal structures of decorated xylooligosaccharides bound to a family 10 xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86, J Biol Chem, 279, 9606, 10.1074/jbc.M312293200

Furniss, 2002, A family 11 xylanase from Penicillium funiculosum is strongly inhibited by three wheat xylanase inhibitors, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1598, 24, 10.1016/S0167-4838(02)00366-7

Furniss, 2005, The substrate specificity and susceptibility to wheat inhibitor proteins of Penicillium funiculosum xylanases from a commercial enzyme preparation, J Sci Food Agric, 85, 574, 10.1002/jsfa.1984

Fushinobu, 1998, Crystallographic and mutational analyses of an extremely acidophilic and acid-stable xylanase: biased distribution of acidic residues and importance of Asp37 for catalysis at low pH, Protein Eng, 11, 1121, 10.1093/protein/11.12.1121

Gallardo, 2004, Cloning and characterization of xylanase A from the strain Bacillus sp. BP-7: comparison with alkaline pI-low molecular weight xylanases from family 11, Curr Microbiol, 48, 276, 10.1007/s00284-003-4196-0

Gao, 2007, The effects of xylanase supplementation on growth, digestion, circulating hormone and metabolite levels, immunity and gut microflora in cockerels fed on wheat-based diets, Br Poult Sci, 48, 480, 10.1080/00071660701477320

Garcia-Campayo, 1993, Mode of action, kinetic properties and physicochemical characterization of two different domains of a bifunctional (1–4)-β-d-xylanase from Ruminococcus flavefaciens expressed separately in Escherichia coli, Biochem J, 296, 235, 10.1042/bj2960235

Gebler, 1992, Stereoselective hydrolysis catalyzed by related β-1,4-glucanases and β-1,4-xylanases, J Biol Chem, 267, 12559, 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42313-7

Gebruers, 2001, Triticum aestivum L. endoxylanase inhibitor (TAXI) consists of two inhibitors, TAXI I and TAXI II, with different specificities, Biochem J, 353, 239, 10.1042/0264-6021:3530239

Gebruers, 2005, The bread-making functionalities of two Aspergillus niger endoxylanases are strongly dictated by their inhibitor sensitivities, Enzyme Microb Technol, 36, 417, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2004.04.023

Georis, 1999, Sequence, overproduction and purification of the family 11 endo-β-1,4-xylanase encoded by the xyl1 gene of Streptomyces sp. S38, Gene, 237, 123, 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00311-X

Georis, 2000, An additional aromatic interaction improves the thermostability and thermophilicity of a mesophilic family 11 xylanase: structural basis and molecular study, Protein Sci, 9, 466, 10.1110/ps.9.3.466

Georis, 2000, Purification and properties of the three endo-β-1,4-xylanases produced by Streptomyces sp. strain S38 which differ in their ability to enhance the bleaching of kraft pulps, Enzyme Microb Technol, 26, 178, 10.1016/S0141-0229(99)00141-6

Gerstein, 1994, Structural mechanisms for domain movements in proteins, Biochemistry, 33, 6739, 10.1021/bi00188a001

Gianese, 2001, Structural adaptation of enzymes to low temperatures, Protein Eng, 14, 141, 10.1093/protein/14.3.141

Giesbert, 1998, The xylanolytic system of Claviceps purpurea: cytological evidence for secretion of xylanases in infected rye tissue and molecular characterization of two xylanase genes, Phytopathology, 88, 1020, 10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.10.1020

Gilbert, 1993, Bacterial cellulases and xylanases, J Gen Microbiol, 139, 187, 10.1099/00221287-139-2-187

Gilbert, 1992, Homologous catalytic domains in a rumen fungal xylanase: evidence for gene duplication and prokaryotic origin, Mol Microbiol, 6, 2065, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01379.x

Gilkes, 1991, Structural and functional relationships in two families of beta-1,4-glycanases, Eur J Biochem, 202, 367, 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16384.x

Girard, 1999, Molecular cloning of CDNAs encoding a range of digestive enzymes from a phytophagous beetle, Phaedon cochleariae, Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 29, 1129, 10.1016/S0965-1748(99)00104-6

Goesaert, 2003, TAXI type endoxylanase inhibitors in different cereals, J Agric Food Chem, 51, 3770, 10.1021/jf0262155

Goesaert, 2005, Wheat flour constituents: how they impact bread quality, and how to impact their functionality, Trends Food Sci Technol, 16, 12, 10.1016/j.tifs.2004.02.011

Gomes, 1993, Production of high level of cellulase-free and thermostable xylanase by a wild strain of Thermomyces lanuginosus using beechwood xylan, J Biotechnol, 30, 283, 10.1016/0168-1656(93)90145-D

Gomez-Gomez, 2001, Molecular characterization of a novel endo-β-1,4-xylanase gene from the vascular wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum, Curr Genet, 40, 268, 10.1007/s00294-001-0260-0

Gruber, 1998, Thermophilic xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus: high-resolution X-ray structure and modeling studies, Biochemistry, 37, 13475, 10.1021/bi980864l

Guais, 2008, Proteomics analysis of “Rovabiot Excel”, a secreted protein cocktail from the filamentous fungus Penicillium funiculosum grown under industrial process fermentation, J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 35, 1659, 10.1007/s10295-008-0430-x

Gusakov, 2010, Proteinaceous inhibitors of microbial xylanases, Biochemistry (Mosc), 75, 1185, 10.1134/S0006297910100019

Gutteridge, 2004, Conformational change in substrate binding, catalysis and product release: an open and shut case?, FEBS Lett, 567, 67, 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.03.067

Gys, 2003, Refrigerated dough syruping in relation to the arabinoxylan population, J Agric Food Chem, 51, 4119, 10.1021/jf034060a

Hakulinen, 2003, Three-dimensional structures of thermophilic β-1,4-xylanases from Chaetomium thermophilum and Nonomuraea flexuosa, Eur J Biochem, 270, 1399, 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03496.x

Hamzah, 1999, Characterization of xylanase produced by Bacillus pumilus strain PJ19, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 9, 157

Harris, 1994, Structure of the catalytic core of the family F xylanase from Pseudomonas fluorescens and identification of the xylopentaose-binding sites, Structure, 2, 1107, 10.1016/S0969-2126(94)00112-X

Harris, 1997, Structural basis of the properties of an industrially relevant thermophilic xylanase, Proteins, 29, 77, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(199709)29:1<77::AID-PROT6>3.0.CO;2-C

Havukainen, 1996, Covalent binding of three epoxyalkyl xylosides to the active site of endo-1,4-xylanase II from Trichoderma reesei, Biochemistry, 35, 9617, 10.1021/bi953052n

Hayashi, 1999, Nucleotide sequences of two contiguous and highly homologous xylanase genes xynA and xynB and characterization of XynA from Clostridium thermocellum, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 51, 348, 10.1007/s002530051401

Hegde, 1998, Thermodynamics of ligand (substrate/end product) binding to endoxylanase from Chainia sp. (NCL-82-5-1): isothermal calorimetry and fluorescence titration studies, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1388, 93, 10.1016/S0167-4838(98)00163-0

Helianti, 2008, Cloning, sequencing, and expression of a β-1,4-endoxylanase gene from Indonesian Bacillus licheniformis strain I5 in Escherichia coli, World J Microbiol Biotechnol, 24, 1273, 10.1007/s11274-007-9601-6

Henrissat, 1991, A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities, Biochem J, 280, 309, 10.1042/bj2800309

Henrissat, 1993, New families in the classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities, Biochem J, 293, 781, 10.1042/bj2930781

Heo, 2006, Characterization of an extracellular xylanase in Paenibacillus sp. HY-8 isolated from an herbivorous longicorn beetle, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 16, 1753

Hernandez, 2001, xln23 from Streptomyces chattanoogensis UAH23 encodes a putative enzyme with separate xylanase and arabinofuranosidase catalytic domains, DNA Seq, 12, 167, 10.3109/10425170109080771

Hessing, 1994, Isolation and characterization of a 1,4-β-endoxylanase gene of A. awamori, Curr Genet, 26, 228, 10.1007/BF00309552

Holden, 1992, Xylanases from the fungal maize pathogen Cochliobolus carbonum, Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 40, 39, 10.1016/0885-5765(92)90070-C

Howard, 1960, The pentosanases of some rumen bacteria, Biochem J, 74, 173, 10.1042/bj0740173

Hoyoux, 2004, Extreme catalysts from low-temperature environments, J Biosci Bioeng, 98, 317, 10.1016/S1389-1723(04)00290-7

Huang, 2005, Effects of dockerin domains on Neocallimastix frontalis xylanases, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 243, 455, 10.1016/j.femsle.2005.01.008

Ibarra, 2010, Combination of alkaline and enzymatic treatments as a process for upgrading sisal paper-grade pulp to dissolving-grade pulp, Bioresour Technol, 101, 7416, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.050

Iefuji, 1996, Acid xylanase from yeast Cryptococcus sp. S-2: purification, characterization, cloning, and sequencing, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 60, 1331, 10.1271/bbb.60.1331

Imaizumi, 1991, Effects of xylooligosaccharides on blood-glucose, serum and liver lipids and cecum short-chain fatty-acids in diabetic rats, Agric Biol Chem, 55, 199, 10.1271/bbb1961.55.199

Ingelbrecht, 2001, Influence of arabinoxylans and endoxylanases on pasta processing and quality. Production of high-quality pasta with increased levels of soluble fiber, Cereal Chem, 78, 721, 10.1094/CCHEM.2001.78.6.721

Irwin, 1994, Characterization and sequence of a Thermomonospora fusca xylanase, Appl Environ Microbiol, 60, 763, 10.1128/AEM.60.3.763-770.1994

Ito, 1992, Cloning and sequencing of the xynC gene encoding acid xylanase of Aspergillus kawachii, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 56, 1338, 10.1271/bbb.56.1338

Ito, 1992, Purification and properties of acid stable xylanases from Aspergillus kawachii, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 56, 547, 10.1271/bbb.56.547

Jalal, 2009, Gene cloning and characterization of a xylanase from a newly isolated Bacillus subtilis strain R5, J Biosci Bioeng, 107, 360, 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2008.12.005

Janeček, 1996, The parallel (α/β)8-barrel: perhaps the most universal and the most puzzling protein folding motif, Biologia, 51, 613

Jänis, 2005, Determination of thioxylo-oligosaccahride binding to family 11 xylanases using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography, FEBS J, 272, 2317, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04659.x

Jeong, 1998, Molecular cloning and characterization of an endoxylanase gene of Bacillus sp. in Escherichia coli, Enzyme Microb Technol, 22, 599, 10.1016/S0141-0229(97)00256-1

Jeong, 2007, Engineering a de novo internal disulfide bridge to improve the thermal stability of xylanase from Bacillus stearothermophilus No. 236, J Biotechnol, 127, 300, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.07.005

Jespersen, 1991, Comparison of the domain-level organization of starch hydrolases and related enzymes, Biochem J, 280, 51, 10.1042/bj2800051

Jeya, 2009, Cloning and expression of GH11 xylanase gene from Aspergillus fumigatus MKU1 in Pichia pastoris, J Biosci Bioeng, 108, 22, 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.02.003

Joshi, 2000, Hydrogen bonding and catalysis: a novel explanation for how a single amino acid substitution can change the pH optimum of a glycosidase, J Mol Biol, 299, 255, 10.1006/jmbi.2000.3722

Joshi, 2001, Dissecting the electrostatic interactions and pH-dependent activity of a family 11 glycosidase, Biochemistry, 40, 10115, 10.1021/bi0105429

Juge, 2006, Plant protein inhibitors of cell wall degrading enzymes, Trends Plant Sci, 11, 359, 10.1016/j.tplants.2006.05.006

Juge, 2004, XIP-I, a xylanase inhibitor protein from wheat: a novel protein function, Biochim Biophys Acta Proteins Proteomics, 1696, 203, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2003.08.014

Jurasek, 1988, Xylanase A of Schizophyllum commune, Methods Enzymol, 160, 659, 10.1016/0076-6879(88)60183-2

Kaneko, 2000, Purification and characterization of a family G/11 β-xylanase from Streptomyces olivaceoviridis E-86, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 64, 447, 10.1271/bbb.64.447

Katapodis, 2003, Biochemical and catalytic properties of an endoxylanase purified from the culture filtrate of Sporotrichum thermophile, Carbohydr Res, 338, 1881, 10.1016/S0008-6215(03)00291-X

Kenealy, 2003, Enzyme processes for pulp and paper: a review of recent developments, 210

Khan, 1990, Comparison of natural hemicellulose and chemically acetylated xylan as substrates for the determination of acetyl-xylan esterase activity in Aspergilli, Enzyme Microb Technol, 12, 127, 10.1016/0141-0229(90)90086-6

Kim, 2008, Mutation of non-conserved amino acids surrounding catalytic site to shift pH optimum of Bacillus circulans xylanase, J Mol Catal B: Enzym, 55, 130, 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.02.006

Kimura, 1998, Molecular cloning of xylanase gene xynG1 from Aspergillus oryzae KBN 616, a shoyu koji mold, and analysis of its expression, J Ferment Bioeng, 85, 10, 10.1016/S0922-338X(97)80346-7

Kimura, 2000, Purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of acidophilic xylanase from Penicillium sp. 40, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 64, 1230, 10.1271/bbb.64.1230

Kimura, 2000, Molecular cloning, overexpression, and purification of a major xylanase from Aspergillus ozyzae, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 64, 2734, 10.1271/bbb.64.2734

Kinoshita, 1995, Cloning of the xynNB gene encoding xylanase B from Aspergillus niger and its expression in Aspergillus kawachii, J Ferment Bioeng, 79, 422, 10.1016/0922-338X(95)91255-4

Kluepfel, 1990, Purification and characterization of a new xylanase (xylanase B) produced by Streptomyces lividans 66, Biochem J, 267, 45, 10.1042/bj2670045

Kluepfel, 1992, Purification and characterization of a new xylanase (xylanase C) produced by Streptomyces lividans 66, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 36, 626, 10.1007/BF00183240

Ko, 1992, Site-directed mutagenesis at aspartate and glutamate residues of xylanase from Bacillus pumilus, Biochem J, 288, 117, 10.1042/bj2880117

Ko, 2010, Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel thermostable xylanase from Paenibacillus campinasensis BL11, Proc Biochem, 45, 1638, 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.06.015

Korona, 2006, Efficient expression and secretion of two co-produced xylanases from Aspergillus niger in Pichia pastoris directed by their native signal peptides and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mating factor, Enzyme Microb Technol, 39, 683, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.12.003

Koshland, 1953, Stereochemistry and the mechanism of enzymatic reactions, Biol Rev, 28, 416, 10.1111/j.1469-185X.1953.tb01386.x

Kosugi, 2002, Xylanase and acetyl xylan esterase activities of XynA, a key subunit of the Clostridium cellulovorans cellulosome for xylan degradation, Appl Environ Microbiol, 68, 6399, 10.1128/AEM.68.12.6399-6402.2002

Kozak, 2006, Solution scattering studies of conformation stability of xylanase XYNII from Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Biopolymers, 83, 95, 10.1002/bip.20531

Krengel, 1996, Three-dimensional structure of endo-1,4-β-xylanase I from Aspergillus niger: molecular basis for its low pH optimum, J Mol Biol, 263, 70, 10.1006/jmbi.1996.0556

Krisana, 2005, Endo-1,4-β-xylanase B from Aspergillus cf. niger BCC14405 isolated in Thailand: purification, characterization and gene isolation, J Biochem Mol Biol, 38, 17, 10.5483/BMBRep.2005.38.1.017

Krishnamurthy, 1989, Purification and characterization of endo-1,4-β-xylanase from Paecilomyces varioti Bainier, J Ferment Bioeng, 67, 77, 10.1016/0922-338X(89)90183-9

Kubata, 1992, Xylanase I of Aeromonas caviae ME-I isolated from the intestine of a herbivorous insect (Samia cynthia pryeri), Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 56, 1463, 10.1271/bbb.56.1463

Kui, 2010, Gene cloning, expression, and characterization of a thermostable xylanase from Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis CCTCC AA001025, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 162, 953, 10.1007/s12010-009-8815-5

Kulkarni, 1999, Molecular and biotechnological aspects of xylanases, FEMS Microbiol Rev, 23, 411, 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1999.tb00407.x

Kumar, 2000, The tertiary structure at 1.59 Å resolution and the proposed amino acid sequence of a family-11 xylanase from the thermophilic fungus Paecilomyces varioti Bainier, J Mol Biol, 295, 581, 10.1006/jmbi.1999.3348

Laderman, 1993, The purification and characterization of an extremely thermostable α-amylase from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Pyrococcus furiosus, J Biol Chem, 268, 24394, 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)80538-9

Lagaert, 2009, Plant cell walls: protecting the barrier from degradation by microbial enzymes, Semin Cell Dev Biol, 20, 1064, 10.1016/j.semcdb.2009.05.008

Lamed, 1983, The cellulosome: a discrete cell surface organelle of Clostridium thermocellum which exhibits separate antigenic, cellulose-binding and various cellulolytic activities, Biotechnol Bioeng, 13, 163

Laurie, 1997, The NodB domain of a multidomain xylanase from Cellulomonas fimi deacetylates acetylxylan, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 148, 261, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10298.x

Lee, 1987, Purification and characterization of an α-l-arabinofuranosidase from Clostridium acteobutylocum ATCC 824, Can J Microbiol, 33, 1011, 10.1139/m87-178

Lee, 2004, Purification and characterization of two thermostable xylanases from Paenibacillus sp. DG-22, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 14, 1014

Lee, 2005, Cloning and characterization of the xyn11A gene from Lentinula edodes, Protein J, 24, 21, 10.1007/s10930-004-0602-0

Lee, 2008, Cloning of Bacillus licheniformis xylanase gene and characterization of recombinant enzyme, Curr Microbiol, 57, 301, 10.1007/s00284-008-9193-x

Lee, 2009, Molecular cloning and expression of the Trichoderma harzianum C4 endo-β-1,4-xylanase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 19, 823

Leskinen, 2005, Thermostable xylanases, Xyn10A and Xyn11A, from the actinomycete Nonomura flexuosa: isolation of the genes and characterization of recombinant Xyn11A polypeptides produced in Trichoderma reesei, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 67, 495, 10.1007/s00253-004-1797-x

Levasseur, 2005, Overproduction and characterization of xylanase B from Aspergillus niger, Can J Microbiol, 51, 177, 10.1139/w04-116

Li, 1993, Purification and characterization of a new xylanase (APX-II) from the fungus Aureobasidium pullulans Y-2311-1, Appl Environ Microbiol, 59, 3212, 10.1128/AEM.59.10.3212-3218.1993

Li, 1997, Monocentric and polycentric anaerobic fungi produce structurally related cellulases and xylanases, Appl Environ Microbiol, 63, 628, 10.1128/AEM.63.2.628-635.1997

Li, 2009, Cloning, expression, and characterization of a new Streptomyces sp. S27 xylanase for which xylobiose is the main hydrolysis product, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 159, 521, 10.1007/s12010-008-8411-0

Li, 2010, Improvement of Aspergillus sulphureus endo-β-1,4-xylanase expression in Pichia pastoris by codon optimization and analysis of the enzymic characterization, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 160, 1321, 10.1007/s12010-009-8621-0

Liu, 1999, Characterization of a Neocallimastix patriciarum xylanase gene and its product, Can J Microbiol, 45, 970, 10.1139/w99-092

Liu, 2008, Cloning of a rumen fungal xylanase gene and purification of the recombinant enzyme via artificial oil bodies, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 79, 225, 10.1007/s00253-008-1418-1

Liu, 2010, Gene cloning, overexpression, and characterization of a xylanase from Penicillium sp. CGMCC 1669, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 162, 1, 10.1007/s12010-009-8719-4

Lübeck, 1997, PCR cloning, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of a xylanase gene from the phytopathogenic fungus Ascochyta pisi Lib, Physiol Mol Plant Pathol, 51, 377, 10.1006/pmpp.1997.0126

Ludwiczek, 2007, A secondary xylan-binding site enhances the catalytic activity of a single-domain family 11 glycoside hydrolase, J Mol Biol, 373, 337, 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.07.057

Lumry, 1954, Conformation changes of proteins, J Phys Chem, 58, 110, 10.1021/j150512a005

Luo, 2009, Cloning, expression and characterization of a novel acidic xylanase, XYL11B, from the acidophilic fungus Bispora sp. MEY-1, Enzyme Microb Technol, 45, 126, 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.05.002

Luttig, 1997, Cloning of two beta-xylanase-encoding genes from Aspergillus niger and their expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Biotechnol Lett, 19, 411, 10.1023/A:1018327623422

Maat, 1992, Xylanases and their application in bakery, 349

Mantyla, 2007, Production in Trichoderma reesei of three xylanases from Chaetomium thermophilum: a recombinant thermoxylanase for biobleaching of kraft pulp, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 76, 377, 10.1007/s00253-007-1020-y

Margeot, 2009, New improvements for lignocellulosic ethanol, Curr Opin Biotechnol, 20, 372, 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.05.009

Marrone, 2000, Characterization of function and activity of domains A, B and C of xylanase C from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85, Protein Eng, 13, 593, 10.1093/protein/13.8.593

Matsumura, 1989, Substantial increase of protein stability by multiple disulphide bonds, Nature, 342, 291, 10.1038/342291a0

Mayorga-Reyes, 2002, Cellulomonas flavigena: characterization of an endo-1,4-xylanase tightly induced by sugarcane bagasse, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 214, 205, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11348.x

Mazy-Servais, 1996, Cloning and nucleotide sequence of a xylanase-encoding gene from Streptomyces sp. strain EC3, DNA Seq, 6, 147, 10.3109/10425179609010202

McCarter, 1994, Mechanisms of enzymatic glycoside hydrolysis, Curr Opin Struct Biol, 4, 885, 10.1016/0959-440X(94)90271-2

McCarthy, 2000, Structure of XynB, a highly thermostable β-1,4-xylanase from Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1, at 1.8 Å resolution, Acta Crystallogr, D56, 1367

McIntosh, 1996, The pKa of the general acid/base carboxyl group of a glycosidase cycles during catalysis: a 13C-NMR study of Bacillus circulans xylanase, Biochemistry, 35, 9958, 10.1021/bi9613234

McLauchlan, 1999, A novel class of protein from wheat which inhibits xylanases, Biochem J, 338, 441, 10.1042/0264-6021:3380441

Michaux, 2010, Structural insights into the acidophilic pH adaptation of a novel endo-1,4-β-xylanase from Scytalidium acidophilum, Biochimie, 92, 1407, 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.07.003

Millward-Sadler, 1994, Evidence for a general role for high-affinity non-catalytic cellulose binding domains in microbial plant cell wall hydrolases, Mol Microbiol, 11, 375, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00317.x

Millward-Sadler, 1995, Novel cellulose-binding domains, NodB homologues and conserved modular architecture in xylanases from the aerobic soil bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa and Cellvibrio mixtus, Biochem J, 312, 39, 10.1042/bj3120039

Min, 2002, Purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of xylanase from fungus Trichoderma strain SY, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 12, 890

Miyazaki, 2006, Thermal stabilization of Bacillus subtilis family-11 xylanase by directed evolution, J Biol Chem, 281, 10236, 10.1074/jbc.M511948200

Monti, 1991, Purification and properties of an extracellular xylanase from the thermophilic fungus Humicola grisea var thermoidea, Can J Microbiol, 37, 675, 10.1139/m91-115

Moraïs, 2010, Contribution of a xylan-binding module to the degradation of a complex cellulosic substrate by designer cellulosomes, Appl Environ Microbiol, 76, 3787, 10.1128/AEM.00266-10

Morosoli, 1986, Isolation and partial primary sequence of a xylanase from the yeast Cryptococcus albidus, Biochim Biophys Acta, 870, 473, 10.1016/0167-4838(86)90255-4

Morris, 1998, Cloning of the xynB gene from Dictyoglomus thermophilum Rt46B.1 and action of the gene product on kraft pulp, Appl Environ Microbiol, 64, 1759, 10.1128/AEM.64.5.1759-1765.1998

Morris, 1999, Family 10 and 11 xylanase genes from Caldicellulosiruptor sp. strain Rt69B.1, Extremophiles, 3, 103, 10.1007/s007920050105

Moukhametzianov, 2008, Protein crystallography with a micrometre-sized synchrotron-radiation beam, Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 64, 158, 10.1107/S090744490705812X

Muilu, 1998, Functional conformational changes of endo-1,4-xylanase II from Trichoderma reesei: a molecular dynamics study, Proteins, 31, 434, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0134(19980601)31:4<434::AID-PROT9>3.0.CO;2-H

Murakami, 2005, Correlation of temperature induced conformation change with optimum catalytic activity in the recombinant G/11 xylanase A from Bacillus subtilis 168 (1A1), FEBS Lett, 579, 6505, 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.10.039

Müssig, 2010, Industrial applications of natural fibres

Nakamura, 1992, Alkaline xylanase produced by newly isolated alkaliphilic Bacillus, 443

Nakamura, 1993, Purification and some properties of an alkaline xylanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain-41M-1, Appl Environ Microbiol, 59, 2311, 10.1128/AEM.59.7.2311-2316.1993

Nakamura, 2002, Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence and characteristics of a xylanase gene (xynA) from Ruminococcus albus 7, Anim Sci J, 73, 347, 10.1046/j.1344-3941.2002.00048.x

Oakley, 2003, Characterization of a family 11 xylanase from Bacillus subtilis B230 used for paper bleaching, Acta Crystallogr, D59, 627

Ohta, 2001, Purification and characterization of an acidophilic xylanase from Aureobasidium pullulans var. melanigenum and sequence analysis of the encoding gene, J Biosci Bioeng, 92, 262, 10.1016/S1389-1723(01)80260-7

Oku, 1993, Amino acid sequence and thermostability of xylanase A from Schizophyllum commune, FEBS Lett, 334, 296, 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80698-T

Olfa, 2007, Induction, properties and application of xylanase activity from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum S2 fungus, J Food Biochem, 31, 96, 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2007.00101.x

OmPraba, 2007, Homology model of a novel thermostable xylanase from Bacillus subtilis AK-1, J Biomol Struct Dyn, 25, 311, 10.1080/07391102.2007.10507179

Orengo, 1994, Protein superfamilies and domain superfolds, Nature, 372, 631, 10.1038/372631a0

Paës, 2006, Engineering increased thermostability in the thermostable GH-11 xylanase from Thermobacillus xylanilyticus, J Biotechnol, 125, 338, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.03.025

Paës, 2007, New insights into the role of the thumb-like loop in GH-11 xylanases, Protein Eng Des Sel, 20, 15, 10.1093/protein/gzl049

Pai, 2010, Molecular cloning and characterization of a bifunctional xylanolytic enzyme from Neocallimastix patriciarum, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 85, 1451, 10.1007/s00253-009-2175-5

Paice, 1986, A xylanase gene from Bacillus subtilis: nucleotide sequence and comparison with B. pumilus gene, Arch Microbiol, 144, 201, 10.1007/BF00410947

Paice, 1992, Mechanism of hemicellulose-directed prebleaching of kraft pulps, Enzyme Microb Technol, 14, 272, 10.1016/0141-0229(92)90150-M

Paloheimo, 2001

Panbangred, 1983, Purification and properties of endoxylanase produced by Bacillus pumilus, Agric Biol Chem, 47, 957, 10.1271/bbb1961.47.957

Parachin, 2009, Xylanases from Cryptococcus flavus isolate I-11: enzymatic profile, isolation and heterologous expression of CfXYN1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, J Mol Catal B: Enzym, 59, 52, 10.1016/j.molcatb.2008.12.018

Paradis, 1993, The xynC gene from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85 codes for a xylanase with two similar catalytic domains, J Bacteriol, 175, 7666, 10.1128/jb.175.23.7666-7672.1993

Pason, 2010, Purification and characterization of a multienzyme complex produced by Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 85, 573, 10.1007/s00253-009-2117-2

Paulert, 2010, Priming of the oxidative burst in rice and wheat cell cultures by ulvan, a polysaccharide from green macroalgae, and enhanced resistance against powdery mildew in wheat and barley plants, Plant Pathol, 59, 634, 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02300.x

Payan, 2003, Structural analysis of xylanase inhibitor protein I (XIP-I), a proteinaceous xylanase inhibitor from wheat (Triticum aestivum, var. Soisson), Biochem J, 372, 399, 10.1042/bj20021802

Payan, 2004, The dual nature of the wheat xylanase protein inhibitor XIP-I: structural basis for the inhibition of family 10 and family 11 xylanases, J Biol Chem, 279, 36029, 10.1074/jbc.M404225200

Payan, 2004, The dual nature of the wheat xylanase protein inhibitor XIP-1 — structural basis for the inhibition of family 10 and family 11 xylanases, J Biol Chem, 279, 36029, 10.1074/jbc.M404225200

Pel, 2007, Genome sequencing and analysis of the versatile cell factory Aspergillus niger CBS 513.88, Nat Biotechnol, 25, 221, 10.1038/nbt1282

Pell, 2004, The mechanism by which family 10 glycoside hydrolases bind decorated substrates, J Biol Chem, 279, 9597, 10.1074/jbc.M312278200

Pérez-Gonzalez, 1996, Molecular cloning and expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of two Aspergillus nidulans xylanase genes, Appl Environ Microbiol, 62, 2179, 10.1128/AEM.62.6.2179-2182.1996

Petrescu, 2000, Xylanase from the psychrophilic yeast Cryptococcus adeliae, Extremophiles, 4, 137, 10.1007/s007920070028

Plesniak, 1996, Characterization of a buried neutral histidine residue in Bacillus circulans xylanase: NMR assignments, pH titration, and hydrogen exchange, Protein Sci, 5, 2319, 10.1002/pro.5560051118

Plesniak, 1996, Secondary structure and NMR assignments of Bacillus circulans xylanase, Protein Sci, 5, 1118, 10.1002/pro.5560050614

Polizeli, 2005, Xylanases from fungi: properties and industrial applications, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 67, 577, 10.1007/s00253-005-1904-7

Pollet, 2009, Identification of structural determinants for inhibition strength and specificity of wheat xylanase inhibitors TAXI-IA and TAXI-IIA, FEBS J, 276, 3916, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07105.x

Pollet, 2009, Crystallographic and activity-based evidence for thumb flexibility and its relevance in glycoside hydrolase family 11 xylanases, Proteins, 77, 395, 10.1002/prot.22445

Pollet, 2010, Structural determinants of the substrate specificities of xylanases from different glycoside hydrolase families, Crit Rev Biotechnol, 30, 176, 10.3109/07388551003645599

Pollet, 2010, Mutagenesis and subsite mapping underpin the importance for substrate specificity of the aglycon subsites of glycoside hydrolase family 11 xylanases, BBA-Proteins Proteom, 1804, 977, 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.01.009

Prade, 1995, Xylanases: from biology to biotechnology, Biotechnol Genet Eng, 13, 101, 10.1080/02648725.1996.10647925

Purmonen, 2007, Molecular dynamics studies on the thermostability of family 11 xylanases, Protein Eng Des Sel, 20, 551, 10.1093/protein/gzm056

Quiocho, 1986, Carbohydrate-binding: tertiary structures and protein–sugar interactions, Annu Rev Biochem, 55, 287, 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.001443

Quiocho, 1989, Protein–carbohydrate interactions: basic molecular features, Pure Appl Chem, 61, 1293, 10.1351/pac198961071293

Raedschelders, 2005, Molecular identification of wheat endoxylanase inhibitor TAXI-II and the determinants of its inhibition specificity, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 335, 512, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.103

Ratanakhanokchai, 1999, Purification and properties of a xylan-binding endoxylanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. strain K-1, Appl Environ Microbiol, 65, 694, 10.1128/AEM.65.2.694-697.1999

Reardon, 1995, The structure and evolution of α/β barrel proteins, FASEB J, 9, 497, 10.1096/fasebj.9.7.7737457

Reitinger, 2010, Circular permutation of Bacillus circulans xylanase: a kinetic and structural study, Biochemistry, 49, 2464, 10.1021/bi100036f

Rombouts, 2009, His22 of TLXI plays a critical role in the inhibition of glycoside hydrolase family 11 xylanases, J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem, 24, 38, 10.1080/14756360701841913

Rouau, 1998, Evidence for the presence of a pentosanase inhibitor in wheat flours, J Cereal Sci, 28, 63, 10.1006/jcrs.1997.0180

Saarilahti, 1990, CelS: a novel endoglucanase identified from Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Gene, 90, 9, 10.1016/0378-1119(90)90433-R

Sabini, 1999, Catalysis and specificity in enzymatic glycoside hydrolysis: a 2,5B conformation for the glycosyl-enzyme intermediate revealed by the structure of the Bacillus agaradhaerens family 11 xylanase, Chem Biol, 6, 483, 10.1016/S1074-5521(99)80066-0

Sabini, 2001, Oligosaccharide binding to family 11 xylanases: both covalent intermediate and mutant product complexes display 2,5B conformations at the active centre, Acta Crystallogr, D57, 1344

Saha, 2003, Hemicellulose bioconversion, J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 30, 279, 10.1007/s10295-003-0049-x

Sakka, 1993, Nucleotide sequence of the Clostridium stercorarium xynA gene encoding xylanse A: identification of catalytic and cellulose binding domains, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 57, 273, 10.1271/bbb.57.273

Sakka, 1994, Purification and characterization of xylanase A from Clostridium stercorarium F-9 and a recombinant Escherichia coli, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 58, 1496, 10.1271/bbb.58.1496

Salles, 2007, Identification of two novel xylanase-encoding genes (xyn5 and xyn6) from Acrophialophora nainiana and heterologous expression of xyn6 in Trichoderma reesei, Biotechnol Lett, 29, 1195, 10.1007/s10529-007-9380-z

Sansen, 2004, Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction study of two complexes of a TAXI-type xylanase inhibitor with glycoside hydrolase family 11 xylanases from Aspergillus niger and Bacillus subtilis, Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr, 60, 555, 10.1107/S0907444903029330

Sansen, 2004, Structural basis for inhibition of Aspergillus niger xylanase by Triticum aestivum Xylanase Inhibitor-I, J Biol Chem, 279, 36022, 10.1074/jbc.M404212200

Sapag, 2002, The endoxylanases from family 11: computer analysis of protein sequences reveals important structural and phylogenetic relationships, J Biotechnol, 95, 109, 10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00002-0

Saulnier, 1995, Cell wall polysaccharide interactions in maize bran, Carbohydr Polym, 26, 279, 10.1016/0144-8617(95)00020-8

Schiøtt, 2008, Towards a molecular understanding of symbiont function: identification of a fungal gene for the degradation of xylan in the fungus gardens of leaf-cutting ants, BMC Microbiol, 8, 10.1186/1471-2180-8-40

Schlacher, 1996, Cloning and characterization of the gene for the thermostable xylanase XynA from Thermomyces lanuginosus, J Biotechnol, 49, 211, 10.1016/0168-1656(96)01516-7

Shatalov, 2007, Xylanase pre-treatment of giant reed organosolv pulps: direct bleaching effect and bleach boosting, Ind Crops Prod, 25, 248, 10.1016/j.indcrop.2006.12.002

Shibuya, 2000, Enhancement of the thermostability and hydrolytic activity of xylanase by random gene shuffling, Biochem J, 349, 651, 10.1042/0264-6021:3490651

Shibuya, 2005, A single amino acid substitution enhances the catalytic activity of family 11 xylanase at alkaline pH, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 69, 1492, 10.1271/bbb.69.1492

Shin, 2009, Thermostable xylanase from Streptomyces thermocyaneoviolaceus for optimal production of xylooligosaccharides, Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng, 14, 391, 10.1007/s12257-008-0220-3

Shoseyov, 2006, Carbohydrate binding modules: biochemical properties and novel applications, Microbiol Mol Biol Rev, 70, 283, 10.1128/MMBR.00028-05

Shrinivas, 2010, A highly thermostable alkaline cellulase-free xylanase from thermoalkalophilic Bacillus sp. JB 99 suitable for paper and pulp industry: purification and characterization, Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 162, 2049, 10.1007/s12010-010-8980-6

Sidhu, 1999, Sugar ring distorsion in the glycosyl-enzyme intermediate of a family G/11 xylanase, Biochemistry, 38, 5346, 10.1021/bi982946f

Simpson, 1999, A family IIb xylan-binding domain has a similar secondary structure to a homologous family IIa cellulose-binding domain but different ligand specificity, Structure, 7, 853, 10.1016/S0969-2126(99)80108-7

Sinnott, 1990, Catalytic mechanisms of enzymic glycosyl transfer, Chem Rev, 90, 1171, 10.1021/cr00105a006

Sørensen, 2006, Mapping of residues involved in the interaction between the Bacillus subtilis xylanase A and proteinaceous wheat xylanase inhibitors, Protein Eng Des Sel, 19, 205, 10.1093/protein/gzl002

Sørensen, 2004, Potential role of glycosidase inhibitors in industrial biotechnological applications, Biochim Biophys Acta, 1696

St. John, 2006, Characterization of XynC from Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis strain 168 and analysis of its role in depolymerization of glucuronoxylan, J Bacteriol, 188, 8617, 10.1128/JB.01283-06

St. John, 2010, Consolidation of glycosyl hydrolase family 30: a dual domain 4/7 hydrolase family consisting of two structurally distinct groups, FEBS Lett, 584, 4435, 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.09.051

Stephens, 2007, Directed evolution of the thermostable xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus, J Biotechnol, 127, 348, 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.06.015

Stephens, 2009, Error-prone PCR of a fungal xylanase for improvement of its alkaline and thermal stability, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 293, 42, 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01519.x

Subramaniyan, 2002, Biotechnology of microbial xylanases: enzymology, molecular biology, and application, Crit Rev Biotechnol, 22, 33, 10.1080/07388550290789450

Suganuma, 1978, A study of the mechanism of action of taka-amylase A1 on linear oligosaccharides by product analysis and computer simulation, J Biochem, 84, 293, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132130

Suganuma, 1996, Elucidation of the subsite structure of bacterial saccharifying alpha-amylase and its mode of degradation of maltose, Carbohydr Res, 282, 171, 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00365-7

Sulzenbacher, 1997, The Streptomyces lividans family 12 endoglucanase: construction of the catalytic core, expression, and X-ray structure at 1.75 Å resolution, Biochemistry, 36, 16032, 10.1021/bi972407v

Sulzenbacher, 1999, The crystal structure of a 2-fluorocellotriosyl complex of the Streptomyces lividans endoglucanase CelB2 at 1.1 Å resolution, Biochemistry, 38, 4826, 10.1021/bi982648i

Sunna, 1997, Xylanolytic enzymes from fungi and bacteria, Crit Rev Biotechnol, 17, 39, 10.3109/07388559709146606

Swennen, 2006, Non-digestible oligosaccharides with prebiotic properties, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 46, 459, 10.1080/10408390500215746

Tahir, 2002, Specific characterization of substrate and inhibitor binding sites of a glycosyl hydrolase family 11 xylanase from Aspergillus niger, J Biol Chem, 277, 44035, 10.1074/jbc.M205657200

Tahir, 2004, Functional importance of Asp37 from a family 11 xylanase in the binding to two proteinaceous xylanase inhibitors from wheat, FEMS Microbiol Lett, 239, 9, 10.1016/j.femsle.2004.07.051

Takami, 2000, Complete genome sequence of the alkaliphilic bacterium Bacillus halodurans and genomic sequence comparison with Bacillus subtilis, Nucleic Acids Res, 28, 4317, 10.1093/nar/28.21.4317

Tan, 1985, Functional characteristics of two d-xylanases purified from Trichoderma harzianum, Enzyme Microb Technol, 7, 431, 10.1016/0141-0229(85)90042-0

Tan, 1985, Purification and characterization of two d-xylanases from Trichoderma harzianum, Enzyme Microb Technol, 7, 425, 10.1016/0141-0229(85)90041-9

Tanaka, 2005, Purification and properties of an extracellular endo-1,4-β-xylanase from Penicillium citrinum and characterization of the encoding gene, J Biosci Bioeng, 100, 623, 10.1263/jbb.100.623

Törrönen, 1995, Structural comparison of two major endo-1,4-xylanases from Trichoderma reesei, Biochemistry, 34, 847, 10.1021/bi00003a019

Törrönen, 1997, Structural and functional properties of low molecular weight endo-1,4-β-xylanases, J Biotechnol, 57, 137, 10.1016/S0168-1656(97)00095-3

Törrönen, 1992, The two major xylanases from Trichoderma reesei: characterization of both enzymes and genes, Bio/Technology, 10, 1461, 10.1038/nbt1192-1461

Törrönen, 1994, Three-dimensional structure of endo-1,4-β-xylanase II from Trichoderma reesei: two conformational states in the active site, EMBO J, 13, 2493, 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06536.x

Trogh, 2004, Isolation and characterization of water-extractable arabinoxylan from hull-less barley flours, Cereal Chem, 81, 576, 10.1094/CCHEM.2004.81.5.576

Trogh, 2005, From hull-less barley and wheat to soluble dietary fiber-enriched bread, Cereal Foods World, 50, 253

Trouvelot, 2008, A β-1,3 glucan sulfate induces resistance in grapevine against Plasmopara viticola through priming of defense responses, including HR-like cell death, Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 21, 232, 10.1094/MPMI-21-2-0232

Tsujibo, 1992, Purification, properties, and partial amino acid sequences of themostable xylanases from Streptomyces thermoviolaceus OPC-520, Appl Environ Microbiol, 58, 371, 10.1128/AEM.58.1.371-375.1992

Turunen, 2001, A combination of weakly stabilizing mutations with a disulfide bridge in the α-helix region of Trichoderma reesei endo-1,4-β-xylanase II increases the thermal stability through synergism, J Biotechnol, 88, 37, 10.1016/S0168-1656(01)00253-X

Ujiie, 1991, Low-molecular-weight xylanase from Trichoderma viride, Appl Environ Microbiol, 57, 1860, 10.1128/AEM.57.6.1860-1862.1991

Umemoto, 2009, Improvement of alkaliphily of Bacillus alkaline xylanase by introducing amino acid substitutions both on catalytic cleft and protein surface, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 73, 965, 10.1271/bbb.80869

Valls, 2010, New xylanases to obtain modified eucalypt fibres with high-cellulose content, Bioresour Technol, 101, 7439, 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.04.085

Van Craeyveld, 2008, Structurally different wheat-derived arabinoxylooligosaccharides have different prebiotic and fermentation properties in rats, J Nutr, 138, 2348, 10.3945/jn.108.094367

van Craeyveld, 2010, Wheat bran AX properties and choice of xylanase affect enzymic production of wheat bran-derived arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides, Cereal Chem, 87, 283, 10.1094/CCHEM-87-4-0283

Van den Burg, 1998, Engineering an enzyme to resist boiling, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95, 2056, 10.1073/pnas.95.5.2056

Van Der Borght, 2005, Fractionation of wheat and wheat flour into starch and gluten: overview of the main processes and the factors involved, J Cereal Sci, 41, 221, 10.1016/j.jcs.2004.09.008

Van Petegem, 2003, The structure of a cold-adapted family 8 xylanase at 1.3 Å resolution, J Biol Chem, 278, 7531, 10.1074/jbc.M206862200

Vandeplas, 2010, Effect of the bacterial or fungal origin of exogenous xylanases supplemented to a wheat-based diet on performance of broiler chickens and nutrient digestibility of the diet, Can J Anim Sci, 90, 221, 10.4141/CJAS09067

Vandermarliere, 2008, Crystallographic analysis shows substrate binding at the −3 to +1 active-site subsites and at the surface of glycoside hydrolase family 11 endo-1,4-β-xylanases, Biochem J, 410, 71, 10.1042/BJ20071128

Vandermarliere, 2010, Crystal structure of the noncompetitive xylanase inhibitor TLXI, member of the small thaumatin-like protein family, Proteins, 78, 2391, 10.1002/prot.22737

Vardakou, 2008, Understanding the structural basis for substrate and inhibitor recognition in eukaryotic GH11 xylanases, J Mol Biol, 375, 1293, 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.11.007

Verjans, 2010, Selectivity for water-unextractable arabinoxylan and inhibition sensitivity govern the strong bread improving potential of an acidophilic GH11 Aureobasidium pullulans xylanase, Food Chem, 123, 331, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.04.039

Vieira, 2009, Characterization of temperature dependent and substrate-binding cleft movements in Bacillus circulans family 11 xylanase: a molecular dynamics investigation, Biochim Biophys Acta-Gen Subj, 1790, 1301, 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.04.017

Viet, 1991, Prification and properties of β-1,4-xylanase from Aeromonas caviae W-61, Appl Environ Microbiol, 57, 445, 10.1128/AEM.57.2.445-449.1991

Vogt, 1997, Protein thermal stability, hydrogen bonds, and ion pairs, J Mol Biol, 269, 631, 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1042

Vršanská, 1982, Reaction pathways of substrate degradation by an acidic endo-β-1,4-xylanase of Aspergillus niger, Biochim Biophys Acta, 704, 114, 10.1016/0167-4838(82)90138-8

Vršanská, 2007, Mode of action of glycoside hydrolase family 5 glucuronoxylan xylanohydrolase from Erwinia chrysanthemi, FEBS J, 274, 1666, 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05710.x

Vyas, 1991, Atomic features of protein–carbohydrate interactions, Curr Opin Struct Biol, 1, 732, 10.1016/0959-440X(91)90172-P

Wakarchuk, 1994, Mutational and crystallographic analyses of the active site residues of the Bacillus circulans xylanase, Protein Sci, 3, 467, 10.1002/pro.5560030312

Wakarchuk, 1994, Thermostabilization of the Bacillus circulans xylanase by the introduction of disulfide bonds, Protein Eng, 7, 1379, 10.1093/protein/7.11.1379

Wakiyama, 2010, An extracellular endo-1,4-β-xylanase from Aspergillus japonicus: purification, properties, and characterization of the encoding gene, J Biosci Bioeng, 109, 227, 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.09.005

Wamalwa, 2007, High-level heterologous expression of Bacillus halodurans putative xylanase xyn11A (BH0899) in Kluyveromyces lactis, Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 71, 688, 10.1271/bbb.60477

Wang, 2010, An alkali-tolerant xylanase produced by the newly isolated alkaliphilic Bacillus pumilus from paper mill effluent, Mol Biol Rep, 37, 3297, 10.1007/s11033-009-9915-6

Whistler, 1955, Enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan, J Am Chem Soc, 77, 1241, 10.1021/ja01610a042

White, 1994, Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the beta-1,4-glycanase cex from Cellulomonas fimi, Biochemistry, 33, 12546, 10.1021/bi00208a003

Williams, 2002, Sequence relationships in the legume lectin fold and other jelly rolls, Protein Eng, 15, 771, 10.1093/protein/15.10.771

Wong, 1988, Multiplicity of β-1,4-xylanases in microorganisms: functions and applications, Microbiol Rev, 52, 305, 10.1128/MMBR.52.3.305-317.1988

Wouters, 2001, Crystallographic analysis of family 11 endo-β-1,4-xylanase Xyl1 from Streptomyces sp. S38, Acta Crystallogr, D57, 1813

Wu, 1995, Purification, cloning and characterization of two xylanases from Magnaporthe grisea, the rice blast fungus, Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 8, 506, 10.1094/MPMI-8-0506

Xie, 2001, Role of hydrogen bonding in the interaction between a xylan binding module and xylan, Biochemistry, 40, 5700, 10.1021/bi010034z

Xiong, 2004, Engineering the thermostability of Trichoderma reesei endo-1,4-β-xylanase II by combination of disulphide bridges, Extremophiles, 8, 393, 10.1007/s00792-004-0400-9

Yang, 2010, Assessment of fibrolytic activities of 18 commercial enzyme products and their abilities to degrade the cell wall fraction of corn stalks in in vitro enzymatic and ruminal batch cultures, Anim Feed Sci Technol, 159, 110, 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.06.006

Yang, 1988, Nucleotide sequence of a Bacillus circulans xylanase gene, Nucleic Acids Res, 16, 7187, 10.1093/nar/16.14.7187

Yang, 2007, Introduction of a disulfide bridge enhances the thermostability of a Streptomyces olivaceoviridis xylanase mutant, J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 34, 213, 10.1007/s10295-006-0188-y

Yi, 2010, Hyperexpression of two Aspergillus niger xylanase genes in Escherichia coli and characterization of the gene products, Braz J Microbiol, 41, 778, 10.1590/S1517-83822010000300030

Yoon, 2009, Cloning of the Bacillus subtilis AMX-4 xylanase gene and characterization of the gene product, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 19, 1514, 10.4014/jmb.0907.07004

Yoshino, 1995, Two family G xylanase genes from Chaetomium gracile and their expression in Aspergillus niger, Curr Genet, 29, 73, 10.1007/BF00313196

You, 2010, Potential hydrophobic interaction between two cysteines in interior hydrophobic region improves thermostability of a family 11 xylanase from Neocallimastix patriciarum, Biotechnol Bioeng, 105, 861, 10.1002/bit.22623

Yu, 1989, Cloning and expression of a xylanase gene from alkali-tolerant Bacillus sp. YA-14 in Escherichia coli, Korean J Appl Microbiol Bioeng, 17, 154

Yu, 1993, Nucleotide sequence and analysis of a xylanase gene (xynS) from alkali-tolerant Bacillus sp. YA-14 and comparison with other xylanases, J Microbiol Biotechnol, 3, 139

Zappe, 1990, Nucleotide sequence of a Clostridium acetobutylicum P262 xylanase gene (xynB), Nucleic Acids Res, 18, 2179, 10.1093/nar/18.8.2179

Zhang, 1992, A bifunctional xylanase encoded by the xynA gene of the rumen cellulolytic bacterium Ruminococcus flavefaciens 17 comprises two dissimilar domains linked by an asparagine/glutamine-rich sequence, Mol Microbiol, 6, 1013, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb02167.x

Zhang, 1994, Identification of non-catalytic conserved regions in xylanases encoded by the xynB and xynD genes of the cellulolytic rumen anaerobe Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Mol Gen Genet, 245, 260, 10.1007/BF00283275

Zhang, 2006, Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of an alkaline xylanase from Bacillus pumilus HBP8 in Pichia pastoris, Biocatal Biotransform, 24, 371, 10.1080/10242420600768771

Zhang, 2007, Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of a new xylanase gene from Plectosphaerella cucumerina, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 74, 339, 10.1007/s00253-006-0648-3

Zhang, 2010, Five mutations in N-terminus confer thermostability on mesophilic xylanase, Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 395, 200, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.03.159

Zhou, 2008, Cloning of a xylanase gene from Aspergillus usamii and its expression in Escherichia coli, Bioresour Technol, 99, 831, 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.035

Zhou, 2009, Large-scale analyses of glycosylation in cellulases, Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics, 7, 194, 10.1016/S1672-0229(08)60049-2

Zhu, 1994, Enzymatic specificities and modes of action of the two catalytic domains of the XynC xylanase from Fibrobacter succinogenes S85, J Bacteriol, 176, 3885, 10.1128/jb.176.13.3885-3894.1994

Ziaie-Shirkolaee, 2008, Comparative study on application of T. lanuginosus SSBP xylanase and commercial xylanase on biobleaching of non wood pulps, Bioresour Technol, 99, 7433, 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.02.032