Functional biomaterials for comprehensive periodontitis therapy

Bernabe, 2020, Global, regional, and national levels and trends in burden of oral conditions from 1990 to 2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease 2017 study, J Dent Res, 99, 362, 10.1177/0022034520908533 Peres, 2019, Oral diseases: a global public health challenge, Lancet, 394, 249, 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31146-8 Dominy, 2019, Porphyromonas gingivalis in alzheimer’s disease brains: evidence for disease causation and treatment with small-molecule inhibitors, Sci Adv, 5, eaau3333, 10.1126/sciadv.aau3333 Tonetti, 2013, Periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: consensus report of the Joint EFP/AAP Workshop on Periodontitis and Systemic Diseases, J Clin Periodontol, 40, S24, 10.1111/jcpe.12089 Tonetti, 2007, Treatment of periodontitis and endothelial function, N Engl J Med, 356, 911, 10.1056/NEJMoa063186 Socransky, 2005, Periodontal microbial ecology, Periodontol 2000, 38, 135, 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2005.00107.x Hajishengallis, 2015, Periodontitis: from microbial immune subversion to systemic inflammation, Nat Rev Immunol, 15, 30, 10.1038/nri3785 Hajishengallis, 2012, The keystone-pathogen hypothesis, Nat Rev Microbiol, 10, 717, 10.1038/nrmicro2873 Darveau, 2010, Periodontitis: a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis, Nat Rev Microbiol, 8, 481, 10.1038/nrmicro2337 Listgarten, 1978, Effect of tetracycline and/or scaling on human periodontal disease. Clinical, microbiological, and histological observations, J Clin Periodontol, 5, 246, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1978.tb01918.x Haffajee, 2003, Systemic anti-infective periodontal therapy. A systematic review, Ann Periodontol, 8, 115, 10.1902/annals.2003.8.1.115 Feres, 2015, Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of periodontitis, Periodontol 2000, 67, 131, 10.1111/prd.12075 Hajishengallis, 2020, Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host-modulation therapy, Periodontol 2000, 84, 14, 10.1111/prd.12331 Yost, 2015, Functional signatures of oral dysbiosis during periodontitis progression revealed by microbial metatranscriptome analysis, Genome Med, 7, 1 Sulijaya, 2019, Host modulation therapy using anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents in periodontitis: a review to a clinical translation, Arch Oral Biol, 105, 72, 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.07.002 Bartold, 2017, Host modulation: controlling the inflammation to control the infection, Periodontol 2000, 75, 317, 10.1111/prd.12169 Bartold, 2013, Periodontitis: a host-mediated disruption of microbial homeostasis. Unlearning learned concepts, Periodontol 2000, 62, 203, 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2012.00450.x Chaudhary, 2016, A review of global initiatives to fight antibiotic resistance and recent antibiotics’ discovery, Acta Pharm Sin B, 6, 552, 10.1016/j.apsb.2016.06.004 Jepsen, 2016, Antibiotics/antimicrobials: Systemic and local administration in the therapy of mild to moderately advanced periodontitis, Periodontol 2000, 71, 82, 10.1111/prd.12121 Tan, 2020, Commercial local pharmacotherapeutics and adjunctive agents for nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis: a contemporary review of clinical efficacies and challenges, Antibiotics, 9, 11, 10.3390/antibiotics9010011 Killeen, 2018, Two-year randomized clinical trial of adjunctive minocycline microspheres in periodontal maintenance, J Dent Hyg, 92, 51 Caton, 2011, Clinical studies on the management of periodontal diseases utilizing subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD), Pharmacol Res, 63, 114, 10.1016/j.phrs.2010.12.003 Bottino, 2012, Recent advances in the development of GTR/GBR membranes for periodontal regeneration—a materials perspective, Dent Mater, 28, 703, 10.1016/j.dental.2012.04.022 Ripamonti, 1997, Tissue engineering, morphogenesis, and regeneration of the periodontal tissues by bone morphogenetic proteins, Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 8, 154, 10.1177/10454411970080020401 Tonetti, 1995, Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following GTR in infrabony defects: a preliminary retrospective study, J Clin Periodontol, 22, 229, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00139.x Chen, 2016, Advanced biomaterials and their potential applications in the treatment of periodontal disease, Crit Rev Biotechnol, 36, 760, 10.3109/07388551.2015.1035693 Fenton, 2018, Advances in biomaterials for drug delivery, Adv Mater, 10.1002/adma.201705328 Ratner, 2020, Chapter 1.1.2 A history of biomaterials, 21 Xu, 2020, The effect of doxycycline-containing chitosan/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles on NLRP3 inflammasome in periodontal disease, Carbohydr Polym, 237, 116, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116163 Nakajima, 2021, Topical treatment of periodontitis using an iongel, Biomaterials, 276, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121069 He, 2018, An antimicrobial peptide-loaded gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous membrane fabricated by sequential layer-by-layer electrospinning and electrospraying techniques, Nanomaterials, 8, 327, 10.3390/nano8050327 Liu, 2018, Nanofibrous spongy microspheres to distinctly release miRNA and growth factors to enrich regulatory T cells and rescue periodontal bone loss, ACS Nano, 12, 9785, 10.1021/acsnano.7b08976 Ma, 2020, Minocycline-loaded PLGA electrospun membrane prevents alveolar bone loss in experimental peridontitis, Drug Deliv, 27, 151, 10.1080/10717544.2019.1709921 Ni, 2019, Gold nanoparticles modulate the crosstalk between macrophages and periodontal ligament cells for periodontitis treatment, Biomaterials, 206, 115, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.039 Zupancic, 2016, Long-term sustained ciprofloxacin release from PMMA and hydrophilic polymer blended nanofibers, Mol Pharm, 13, 295, 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00804 Sun, 2021, Oxygen self-sufficient nanoplatform for enhanced and selective antibacterial photodynamic therapy against anaerobe-induced periodontal disease, Adv Funct Mater, 31 Xi, 2019, Dual corona vesicles with intrinsic antibacterial and enhanced antibiotic delivery capabilities for effective treatment of biofilm-induced periodontitis, ACS Nano, 13, 13645, 10.1021/acsnano.9b03237 Yu, 2022, A hierarchical bilayer architecture for complex tissue regeneration, Bioact Mater, 10, 93, 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.024 Page, 1976, Pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal disease. A summary of current work, Lab Invest, 34, 235 Slots, 1979, Subgingival microflora and periodontal disease, J Clin Periodontol, 6, 351, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1979.tb01935.x Socransky, 1998, Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque, J Clin Periodontol, 25, 134, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02419.x Garrett, 1999, Two multi-center studies evaluating locally delivered doxycycline hyclate, placebo control, oral hygiene, and scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis, J Periodontol, 70, 490, 10.1902/jop.1999.70.5.490 Jones, 2000, Design, characterisation and preliminary clinical evaluation of a novel mucoadhesive topical formulation containing tetracycline for the treatment of periodontal disease, J Control Release, 67, 357, 10.1016/S0168-3659(00)00231-5 Herrera, 2002, A systematic review on the effect of systemic antimicrobials as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients, J Clin Periodontol, 29, 136, 10.1034/j.1600-051X.29.s3.8.x Kelly, 2004, Formulation and preliminary in vivo dog studies of a novel drug delivery system for the treatment of periodontitis, Int J Pharm, 274, 167, 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.01.019 Ji, 2010, A novel injectable chlorhexidine thermosensitive hydrogel for periodontal application: preparation, antibacterial activity and toxicity evaluation, J Mater Sci Mater Med, 21, 2435, 10.1007/s10856-010-4098-1 Teughels, 2020, Adjunctive effect of systemic antimicrobials in periodontitis therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis, J Clin Periodontol, 47, 257, 10.1111/jcpe.13264 Pretzl, 2019, Administration of systemic antibiotics during non-surgical periodontal therapy—A consensus report, Clin Oral Invest, 23, 3073, 10.1007/s00784-018-2727-0 Kirchberg, 2019, Extrudates of lipophilic tetracycline complexes: a new option for periodontitis therapy, Int J Pharm, 572, 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118794 Son, 2014, Therapeutic applications of electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery systems, Arch Pharm Res, 37, 69, 10.1007/s12272-013-0284-2 Shekarforoush, 2018, Electrospun xanthan gum-chitosan nanofibers as delivery carrier of hydrophobic bioactives, Mater Lett, 228, 322, 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.06.033 Š, 2019, Sustained release of antimicrobials from double-layer nanofiber mats for local treatment of periodontal disease, evaluated using a new micro flow-through apparatus, J Control Release, 316, 223, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.008 Dang, 2017, Fabrication and evaluation of thermosensitive chitosan/collagen/α,β-glycerophosphate hydrogels for tissue regeneration, Carbohydr Polym, 167, 145, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.03.053 Zhou, 2015, Glycerophosphate-based chitosan thermosensitive hydrogels and their biomedical applications, Carbohydr Polym, 117, 524, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.09.094 Makvandi, 2019, Biosynthesis and characterization of antibacterial thermosensitive hydrogels based on corn silk extract, hyaluronic acid and nanosilver for potential wound healing, Carbohydr Polym, 223, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115023 Ranch, 2021, Tailored doxycycline hyclate loaded in situ gel for the treatment of periodontitis: optimization, in vitro characterization, and antimicrobial studies, AAPS PharmSciTech, 22, 1, 10.1208/s12249-021-01950-x Koppolu, 2021, Alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase levels in saliva and serum of patients with healthy periodontium, gingivitis, and periodontitis before and after scaling with root planing: a clinico-biochemical study, Saudi J Biol Sci, 28, 380, 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.016 Li, 2019, An enzyme-responsive membrane for antibiotic drug release and local periodontal treatment, Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 183, 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110454 Bickel, 1985, The pH of human crevicular fluid measured by a new microanalytical technique, J Periodontal Res, 20, 35, 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1985.tb00408.x Zhou, 2018, pH-Activated nanoparticles with targeting for the treatment of oral plaque biofilm, J Mater Chem B, 6, 586, 10.1039/C7TB02682J Hu, 2019, A novel pH-responsive quaternary ammonium chitosan-liposome nanoparticles for periodontal treatment, Int J Biol Macromol, 129, 1113, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.057 Stewart, 2001, Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms, Lancet, 358, 135, 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05321-1 Mah, 2001, Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents, Trends Microbiol, 9, 34, 10.1016/S0966-842X(00)01913-2 Kanwar, 2017, Biofilm-mediated antibiotic-resistant oral bacterial infections: mechanism and combat strategies, Curr Pharm Des, 23, 2084, 10.2174/1381612822666161124154549 Kouidhi, 2015, Drug resistance of bacterial dental biofilm and the potential use of natural compounds as alternative for prevention and treatment, Microb Pathog, 80, 39, 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.02.007 Fulaz, 2019, Nanoparticle–biofilm interactions: the role of the EPS matrix, Trends Microbiol, 27, 915, 10.1016/j.tim.2019.07.004 Flemming, 2010, The biofilm matrix, Nat Rev Microbiol, 8, 623, 10.1038/nrmicro2415 Cosgarea, 2022, One-year clinical, microbiological and immunological results of local doxycycline or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for recurrent/persisting periodontal pockets: A randomized clinical trial, Antibiotics, 11, 738, 10.3390/antibiotics11060738 Abeles, 2015, Effects of long term antibiotic therapy on human oral and fecal viromes, PLoS One, 10, 10.1371/journal.pone.0134941 Tan, 2021, A peptidoglycan storm caused by β-lactam antibiotic's action on host microbiota drives candida albicans infection, Nat Commun, 12, 2560, 10.1038/s41467-021-22845-2 Kalita, 2020, Comparative evaluation of silver nanoparticle gel and chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in management of chronic periodontitis—A clinico-microbiological study, J Dent Spec, 7, 89, 10.18231/j.jds.2019.022 Clement, 1994, Antibacterial silver, Met Based Drugs, 1, 467, 10.1155/MBD.1994.467 Chernousova, 2013, Silver as antibacterial agent: ion, nanoparticle, and metal, Angew Chem Int Ed, 52, 1636, 10.1002/anie.201205923 Goudouri, 2014, Antibacterial properties of metal and metalloid ions in chronic periodontitis and peri-implantitis therapy, Acta Biomater, 10, 3795, 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.03.028 Han, 2023, Self-therapeutic metal-based nanoparticles for treating inflammatory diseases, Acta Pharm Sin B, 13, 1847, 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.07.009 Gordon, 2010, Silver coordination polymers for prevention of implant infection: thiol interaction, impact on respiratory chain enzymes, and hydroxyl radical induction, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 54, 4208, 10.1128/AAC.01830-09 Hamad, 2020, Silver nanoparticles and silver ions as potential antibacterial agents, J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater, 30, 4811, 10.1007/s10904-020-01744-x Matsumura, 2003, Mode of bactericidal action of silver zeolite and its comparison with that of silver nitrate, Appl Environ Microbiol, 69, 4278, 10.1128/AEM.69.7.4278-4281.2003 Bromberg, 2000, Sustained release of silver from periodontal wafers for treatment of periodontitis, J Control Release, 68, 63, 10.1016/S0168-3659(00)00233-9 Straub, 2001, Phase 1 evaluation of a local delivery device releasing silver ions in periodontal pockets: safety, pharmacokinetics and bioavailability, J Periodontal Res, 36, 187, 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2001.360308.x Prasetyo, 2019, Evaluation of silver nanoparticles addition in periodontal dressing for wound tissue healing by 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, J Young Pharm, 11, 17, 10.5530/jyp.2019.11.4 Kadam, 2020, Efficacy of silver nanoparticles in chronic periodontitis patients: a clinico-microbiological study, Iberoamerican J Med, 2, 142, 10.53986/ibjm.2020.0026 Habiboallah, 2014, Enhancement of gingival wound healing by local application of silver nanoparticles periodontal dressing following surgery: a histological assessment in animal model, Mod Res Inflamm, 3, 128, 10.4236/mri.2014.33016 Tian, 2018, Bactericidal effects of silver nanoparticles on lactobacilli and the underlying mechanism, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 10, 8443, 10.1021/acsami.7b17274 Zhang, 2020, Quantitative proteomics reveals the mechanism of silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms, J Proteome Res, 19, 3109, 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00114 Li, 2020, A multifunctional antibacterial and osteogenic nanomedicine: QAS-modified core–shell mesoporous silica containing Ag nanoparticles, BioMed Res Int, 19 Hernández-Sierra, 2011, In vitro cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on human periodontal fibroblasts, J Clin Pediatr Dent, 36, 37, 10.17796/jcpd.36.1.d677647166398886 Silver, 2003, Bacterial silver resistance: molecular biology and uses and misuses of silver compounds, FEMS Microbiol Rev, 27, 341, 10.1016/S0168-6445(03)00047-0 Durán, 2010, Potential use of silver nanoparticles on pathogenic bacteria, their toxicity and possible mechanisms of action, J Braz Chem Soc, 21, 949, 10.1590/S0103-50532010000600002 Randall, 2015, Silver resistance in Gram-negative bacteria: a dissection of endogenous and exogenous mechanisms, J Antimicrob Chemother, 70, 1037, 10.1093/jac/dku523 Aliev, 2019, Application of acyzol in the context of zinc deficiency and perspectives, Int J Mol Sci, 20, 2104, 10.3390/ijms20092104 Bahar, 2013, Antimicrobial peptides, Pharmaceuticals, 6, 1543, 10.3390/ph6121543 Lee, 2015, A large-scale structural classification of antimicrobial peptides, BioMed Res Int, 2015 Gorr, 2011, Antimicrobial peptides and periodontal disease, J Clin Periodontol, 38, 126, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01664.x Gorr, 2012, Antimicrobial peptides in periodontal innate defense, Front Oral Biol, 15, 84, 10.1159/000329673 Güncü, 2015, Salivary antimicrobial peptides in early detection of periodontitis, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 5, 99, 10.3389/fcimb.2015.00099 Li, 2018, Antimicrobial peptides as a possible interlink between periodontal diseases and its risk factors: a systematic review, J Periodontal Res, 53, 145, 10.1111/jre.12482 Gorr, 2009, Antimicrobial peptides of the oral cavity, Periodontol 2000, 51, 152, 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2009.00310.x Lee, 2010, Antibacterial and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-neutralising activity of human cationic antimicrobial peptides against periodontopathogens, Int J Antimicrob Agents, 35, 138, 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.09.024 Sol, 2013, LL-37 opsonizes and inhibits biofilm formation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans at subbactericidal concentrations, Infect Immun, 81, 3577, 10.1128/IAI.01288-12 Wakabayashi, 2009, Inhibitory effects of lactoferrin on growth and biofilm formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 53, 3308, 10.1128/AAC.01688-08 Enigk, 2020, Activity of five antimicrobial peptides against periodontal as well as non-periodontal pathogenic strains, J Oral Microbiol, 12, 10.1080/20002297.2020.1829405 Dima, 2020, Antibacterial effect of the natural polymer epsilon-polylysine against oral pathogens associated with periodontitis and caries, Polymers, 12, 1218, 10.3390/polym12061218 Gonzalez Moreno, 2017, Antimicrobial peptides for the control of biofilm formation, Curr Top Med Chem, 17, 1965, 10.2174/1568026617666170105144830 Raheem, 2019, Mechanisms of action for antimicrobial peptides with antibacterial and antibiofilm functions, Front Microbiol, 10, 2866, 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02866 Brancatisano, 2014, Inhibitory effect of the human liver-derived antimicrobial peptide hepcidin 20 on biofilms of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA)-positive and PIA-negative strains of staphylococcus epidermidis, Biofouling, 30, 435, 10.1080/08927014.2014.888062 Shang, 2021, TRP-containing antibacterial peptides impair quorum sensing and biofilm development in multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and exhibit synergistic effects with antibiotics, Front Microbiol, 12, 10.3389/fmicb.2021.611009 de la Fuente-Núñez, 2015, d-Enantiomeric peptides that eradicate wild-type and multidrug-resistant biofilms and protect against lethal pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, Chem Biol, 22, 196, 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.01.002 Yang, 2020, LL-37-induced autophagy contributed to the elimination of live Porphyromonas gingivalis internalized in keratinocytes, Front Cell Infect Microbiol, 10, 10.3389/fcimb.2020.561761 Yu, 2011, Easy strategy to increase salt resistance of antimicrobial peptides, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 55, 4918, 10.1128/AAC.00202-11 Wang, 2015, Efficacy of a novel antimicrobial peptide against periodontal pathogens in both planktonic and polymicrobial biofilm states, Acta Biomater, 25, 150, 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.031 Wang, 2018, The effects of antimicrobial peptide Nal-P-113 on inhibiting periodontal pathogens and improving periodontal status, BioMed Res Int, 15 Hu, 2021, Studies on antimicrobial peptide-loaded nanomaterial for root caries restorations to inhibit periodontitis related pathogens in periodontitis care, J Microencapsul, 38, 89, 10.1080/02652048.2020.1842528 Li, 2017, Fabrication of antimicrobial peptide-loaded PLGA/chitosan composite microspheres for long-acting bacterial resistance, Molecules, 22, 1637, 10.3390/molecules22101637 Lorenzon, 2019, Dimerization of antimicrobial peptides: a promising strategy to enhance antimicrobial peptide activity, Protein Pept Lett, 26, 98, 10.2174/0929866526666190102125304 Rajchakit, 2017, Recent developments in antimicrobial-peptide-conjugated gold nanoparticles, Bioconjugate Chem, 28, 2673, 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00368 Sun, 2018, Synthesis, self-assembly, and biomedical applications of antimicrobial peptide–polymer conjugates, Biomacromolecules, 19, 1701, 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00208 Mishra, 1996, Production of anti-microbial substances by probiotics, Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 5, 20 Gatej, 2017, Probiotics and periodontitis—A literature review, J Int Acad Periodontol, 19, 42 Jasberg, 2018, Probiotic intervention influences the salivary levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 in healthy adults, Arch Oral Biol, 85, 58, 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.10.003 Nguyen, 2021, Probiotics for periodontal health—Current molecular findings, Periodontol 2000, 87, 254, 10.1111/prd.12382 Zhang, 2022, Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides increase serotonin in the brain and ameliorate depression via promoting 5-hydroxytryptophan production in the gut microbiota, Acta Pharm Sin B, 12, 3298, 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.02.032 Kõll-Klais, 2005, Oral lactobacilli in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health: species composition and antimicrobial activity, Oral Microbiol Immunol, 20, 354, 10.1111/j.1399-302X.2005.00239.x Teughels, 2013, Clinical and microbiological effects of lactobacillus reuteri probiotics in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled study, J Clin Periodontol, 40, 1025, 10.1111/jcpe.12155 Oliveira, 2017, Benefits of bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis probiotic in experimental periodontitis, J Periodontol, 88, 197, 10.1902/jop.2016.160217 Ricoldi, 2017, Effects of the probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis on the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis. A histomorphometric, microtomographic and immunohistochemical study in rats, PLoS One, 12, 10.1371/journal.pone.0179946 Invernici, 2018, Effects of bifidobacterium probiotic on the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial, J Clin Periodontol, 45, 1198, 10.1111/jcpe.12995 Zupancic, 2018, Nanofibers with incorporated autochthonous bacteria as potential probiotics for local treatment of periodontal disease, Biomacromolecules, 19, 4299, 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01181 Gibson, 1995, Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Introducing the concept of prebiotics, J Nutr, 125, 1401, 10.1093/jn/125.6.1401 George, 2016, The promising future of probiotics: a new era in periodontal therapy, J Int Oral Health, 8, 404 Manzoor, 2022, Role of probiotics and prebiotics in mitigation of different diseases, Nutrition, 96, 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111602 Slomka, 2017, Nutritional stimulation of commensal oral bacteria suppresses pathogens: the prebiotic concept, J Clin Periodontol, 44, 344, 10.1111/jcpe.12700 Levi, 2018, Effects of the prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide on the experimental periodontitis in rats, J Clin Periodontol, 45, 1078, 10.1111/jcpe.12987 Li, 2021, Chemically and biologically engineered bacteria-based delivery systems for emerging diagnosis and advanced therapy, Adv Mater, 33 Ling, 2022, Recent advances in bacteriophage-based therapeutics: Insight into the post-antibiotic era, Acta Pharm Sin B, 12, 4348, 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.007 Tang, 2022, Engineered Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus: a countermeasure for biofilm-induced periodontitis, Mater Today, 53, 71, 10.1016/j.mattod.2022.01.013 Moro, 2021, Efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for nonsurgical treatment of periodontal disease: a systematic review, Laser Med Sci, 36, 1573, 10.1007/s10103-020-03238-1 Braun, 2008, Short-term clinical effects of adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in periodontal treatment: a randomized clinical trial, J Clin Periodontol, 35, 877, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2008.01303.x Abrahamse, 2016, New photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy, Biochem J, 473, 347, 10.1042/BJ20150942 Cieplik, 2018, Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy—What we know and what we don’t, Crit Rev Microbiol, 44, 571, 10.1080/1040841X.2018.1467876 Li, 2021, A multifunctional nanosystem based on bacterial cell-penetrating photosensitizer for fighting periodontitis via combining photodynamic and antibiotic therapies, ACS Biomater Sci Eng, 7, 772, 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01638 Azarpazhooh, 2010, The effect of photodynamic therapy for periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis, J Periodontol, 81, 4, 10.1902/jop.2009.090285 Sun, 2021, A versatile nanocomposite based on nanoceria for antibacterial enhancement and protection from aPDT-aggravated inflammation via modulation of macrophage polarization, Biomaterials, 268, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120614 Li, 2021, 2D MOF periodontitis photodynamic ion therapy, J Am Chem Soc, 143, 15427, 10.1021/jacs.1c07875 Thomas, 1998, Long-term sub-antimicrobial doxycycline (Periostat®) as adjunctive management in adult periodontitis: effects on subgingival bacterial population dynamics, Adv Dent Res, 12, 32, 10.1177/08959374980120011601 Preshaw, 2018, Host modulation therapy with anti-inflammatory agents, Periodontol 2000, 76, 131, 10.1111/prd.12148 Hannas, 2007, The role of matrix metalloproteinases in the oral environment, Acta Odontol Scand, 65, 1, 10.1080/00016350600963640 Ghangurde, 2017, Role of chemically modified tetracyclines in the management of periodontal diseases: A review, Drug Res, 67, 258, 10.1055/s-0043-100633 Golub, 2016, Non-antibacterial tetracycline formulations: host-modulators in the treatment of periodontitis and relevant systemic diseases, Int Dent J, 66, 127, 10.1111/idj.12221 Golub, 1991, Tetracyclines inhibit connective tissue breakdown: new therapeutic implications for an old family of drugs, Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 2, 297, 10.1177/10454411910020030201 Wang, 2020, A tunable and injectable local drug delivery system for personalized periodontal application, J Control Release, 324, 134, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.05.004 Kouwer, 2013, Responsive biomimetic networks from polyisocyanopeptide hydrogels, Nature, 493, 651, 10.1038/nature11839 Wang, 2019, A novel thermoresponsive gel as a potential delivery system for lipoxin, J Dent Res, 98, 355, 10.1177/0022034518810213 Wang, 2020, Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory thermo-reversible hydrogel for periodontal delivery, Acta Biomater, 116, 259, 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.018 Ju, 2022, Recent development on COX-2 inhibitors as promising anti-inflammatory agents: the past 10 years, Acta Pharm Sin B, 12, 2790, 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.002 Wallace, 2000, Nsaid-induced gastric damage in rats: requirement for inhibition of both cyclooxygenase 1 and 2, Gastroenterol, 119, 706, 10.1053/gast.2000.16510 Salvi, 2005, The effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (selective and non-selective) on the treatment of periodontal diseases, Curr Pharm Des, 11, 1757, 10.2174/1381612053764878 Kassem, 2014, Comparative study to investigate the effect of meloxicam or minocycline HCl in situ gel system on local treatment of periodontal pockets, AAPS PharmSciTech, 15, 1021, 10.1208/s12249-014-0118-7 Hasturk, 2012, Oral inflammatory diseases and systemic inflammation: role of the macrophage, Front Immunol, 3, 118, 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00118 Sima, 2019, Macrophage immunomodulation in chronic osteolytic diseases—The case of periodontitis, J Leukoc Biol, 105, 473, 10.1002/JLB.1RU0818-310R Yu, 2016, Enhanced activity of the macrophage M1/M2 phenotypes and phenotypic switch to M1 in periodontal infection, J Periodontol, 87, 1092, 10.1902/jop.2016.160081 Zhuang, 2019, Induction of M2 macrophages prevents bone loss in murine periodontitis models, J Dent Res, 98, 200, 10.1177/0022034518805984 Larson, 2012, Preventing protein adsorption and macrophage uptake of gold nanoparticles via a hydrophobic shield, ACS Nano, 6, 9182, 10.1021/nn3035155 Bastus, 2009, Peptides conjugated to gold nanoparticles induce macrophage activation, Mol Immunol, 46, 743, 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.08.277 Bastús, 2009, Homogeneous conjugation of peptides onto gold nanoparticles enhances macrophage response, ACS Nano, 3, 1335, 10.1021/nn8008273 Arnida, 2011, Geometry and surface characteristics of gold nanoparticles influence their biodistribution and uptake by macrophages, Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 77, 417, 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.11.010 Riazifar, 2019, Stem cell-derived exosomes as nanotherapeutics for autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders, ACS Nano, 13, 6670, 10.1021/acsnano.9b01004 Lee, 2016, DPSCS from inflamed pulp modulate macrophage function via the TNF-α/IDO axis, J Dent Res, 95, 1274, 10.1177/0022034516657817 Shen, 2020, Chitosan hydrogel incorporated with dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes alleviates periodontitis in mice via a macrophage-dependent mechanism, Bioact Mater, 5, 1113, 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.07.002 Liu, 2019, Macrophage polarization in periodontal ligament stem cells enhanced periodontal regeneration, Stem Cell Res Ther, 10, 320, 10.1186/s13287-019-1409-4 Nakao, 2021, Exosomes from TNF-α-treated human gingiva-derived MSCs enhance M2 macrophage polarization and inhibit periodontal bone loss, Acta Biomater, 122, 306, 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.046 Bai, 2021, Polydopamine functionalized mesoporous silica as ROS-sensitive drug delivery vehicles for periodontitis treatment by modulating macrophage polarization, Nano Res, 14, 4577, 10.1007/s12274-021-3376-1 Galarraga-Vinueza, 2020, Anti-inflammatory and macrophage polarization effects of cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs) for periodontal and peri-implant disease therapy, J Periodontal Res, 55, 821, 10.1111/jre.12773 Chen, 2021, NLRP3 regulates alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis by promoting osteoclastic differentiation, Cell Prolif, 54, 10.1111/cpr.12973 Tan, 2020, The anti-periodontitis action of metformin via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome, Arch Oral Biol, 114, 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104692 Li, 2021, Biomimetic immunomodulation by crosstalk with nanoparticulate regulatory T cells, Matter, 4, 3621, 10.1016/j.matt.2021.08.015 Zou, 2022, Immunotherapy with regulatory T and B cells in periodontitis, Int Immunopharm, 109, 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108797 Liu, 2017, The role of reactive oxygen species and autophagy in periodontitis and their potential linkage, Front Physiol, 8, 439, 10.3389/fphys.2017.00439 Finkel, 2011, Signal transduction by reactive oxygen species, J Cell Biol, 194, 7, 10.1083/jcb.201102095 Pinegin, 2018, The role of mitochondrial ROS in antibacterial immunity, J Cell Physiol, 233, 3745, 10.1002/jcp.26117 Matthews, 2007, Neutrophil hyper-responsiveness in periodontitis, J Dent Res, 86, 718, 10.1177/154405910708600806 Ouyang, 2022, Minimally invasive nanomedicine: nanotechnology in photo-/ultrasound-/radiation-/magnetism-mediated therapy and imaging, Chem Soc Rev, 51, 4996, 10.1039/D1CS01148K Liu, 2021, Arsenene nanodots with selective killing effects and their low-dose combination with β-elemene for cancer therapy, Adv Mater, 33, 10.1002/adma.202170292 Ji, 2021, Capturing functional two-dimensional nanosheets from sandwich-structure vermiculite for cancer theranostics, Nat Commun, 12, 1124, 10.1038/s41467-021-21436-5 Kong, 2020, ROS-mediated selective killing effect of black phosphorus: mechanistic understanding and its guidance for safe biomedical applications, Nano Lett, 20, 3943, 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01098 Liu, 2021, Pnictogens in medicinal chemistry: evolution from erstwhile drugs to emerging layered photonic nanomedicine, Chem Soc Rev, 50, 2260, 10.1039/D0CS01175D Waddington, 2000, Periodontal disease mechanisms: Reactive oxygen species: a potential role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, Oral Dis, 6, 138, 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2000.tb00325.x Kanzaki, 2017, Pathways that regulate ROS scavenging enzymes, and their role in defense against tissue destruction in periodontitis, Front Physiol, 8, 351, 10.3389/fphys.2017.00351 Sui, 2020, ROS-scavenging nanomaterials to treat periodontitis, Front Chem, 8, 10.3389/fchem.2020.595530 Kara, 2013, Immune modulatory and antioxidant effects of melatonin in experimental periodontitis in rats, Free Radic Biol Med, 55, 21, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.11.002 Tamaki, 2014, Resveratrol improves oxidative stress and prevents the progression of periodontitis via the activation of the Sirt1/AMPK and the Nrf2/antioxidant defense pathways in a rat periodontitis model, Free Radic Biol Med, 75, 222, 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.034 DeMuro, 2000, The absolute bioavailability of oral melatonin, J Clin Pharmacol, 40, 781, 10.1177/00912700022009422 Kapetanovic, 2011, Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats, Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 68, 593, 10.1007/s00280-010-1525-4 Harpsøe, 2015, Clinical pharmacokinetics of melatonin: a systematic review, Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 71, 901, 10.1007/s00228-015-1873-4 Lim, 2020, Pterostilbene complexed with cyclodextrin exerts antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, Sci Rep, 10, 10 Neves, 2013, Novel resveratrol nanodelivery systems based on lipid nanoparticles to enhance its oral bioavailability, Int J Nanomed, 8, 177 Trivedi, 2017, Antioxidant enzymes in periodontitis, J Oral Biol Craniofac Res, 7, 54, 10.1016/j.jobcr.2016.08.001 Hirst, 2009, Anti-inflammatory properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles, Small, 5, 2848, 10.1002/smll.200901048 Mahapatra, 2017, Nano-shape varied cerium oxide nanomaterials rescue human dental stem cells from oxidative insult through intracellular or extracellular actions, Acta Biomater, 50, 142, 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.12.014 Saita, 2016, Novel antioxidative nanotherapeutics in a rat periodontitis model: reactive oxygen species scavenging by redox injectable gel suppresses alveolar bone resorption, Biomaterials, 76, 292, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.077 Zhao, 2018, Polydopamine nanoparticles for the treatment of acute inflammation-induced injury, Nanoscale, 10, 6981, 10.1039/C8NR00838H Korsvik, 2007, Superoxide dismutase mimetic properties exhibited by vacancy engineered ceria nanoparticles, Chem Commun, 14, 1056, 10.1039/b615134e Shcherbakov, 2011, Nanocrystalline ceria based materials—Perspectives for biomedical application, Biophysics, 56, 987, 10.1134/S0006350911060170 Srinivas, 2011, Acute inhalation toxicity of cerium oxide nanoparticles in rats, Toxicol Lett, 205, 105, 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.05.1027 Shimizu, 2014, The behavior of ROS-scavenging nanoparticles in blood, J Clin Biochem Nutr, 54, 166, 10.3164/jcbn.13-85 Liu, 2014, Polydopamine and its derivative materials: synthesis and promising applications in energy, environmental, and biomedical fields, Chem Rev, 114, 5057, 10.1021/cr400407a Ryu, 2018, Polydopamine surface chemistry: a decade of discovery, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 10, 7523, 10.1021/acsami.7b19865 Bao, 2018, Polydopamine nanoparticles as efficient scavengers for reactive oxygen species in periodontal disease, ACS Nano, 12, 8882, 10.1021/acsnano.8b04022 Gottlow, 1986, New attachment formation in the human periodontium by guided tissue regeneration case reports, J Clin Periodontol, 13, 604, 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1986.tb00854.x Cancedda, 2007, A tissue engineering approach to bone repair in large animal models and in clinical practice, Biomaterials, 28, 4240, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.06.023 Goker, 2019, Gene delivery therapeutics in the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis: a state of the art review, Int J Mol Sci, 20, 3551, 10.3390/ijms20143551 Elangovan, 2013, Nano-sized calcium phosphate particles for periodontal gene therapy, J Periodontol, 84, 117, 10.1902/jop.2012.120012 Liang, 2020, Recent advances in periodontal regeneration: a biomaterial perspective, Bioact Mater, 5, 297, 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.02.012 Zhou, 2021, Biomaterials and nanomedicine for bone regeneration: progress and future prospects, Exploration, 1 Zhang, 2022, Emerging biomimetic nanotechnology in orthopedic diseases: progress, challenges, and opportunities, Trends Chem, 4, 420, 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.02.002 Zhang, 2021, Nanoscale materials-based platforms for the treatment of bone-related diseases, Matter, 4, 2727, 10.1016/j.matt.2021.05.019 Li, 2022, Non-invasive thermal therapy for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, Small, 27 Xu, 2019, An injectable and thermosensitive hydrogel: promoting periodontal regeneration by controlled-release of aspirin and erythropoietin, Acta Biomater, 86, 235, 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.001 Aminu, 2019, A dual-action chitosan-based nanogel system of triclosan and flurbiprofen for localised treatment of periodontitis, Int J Pharm, 570, 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118659 Thomas, 2011, Infection, inflammation, and bone regeneration: A paradoxical relationship, J Dent Res, 90, 1052, 10.1177/0022034510393967 Sundararaj, 2013, Design of a multiple drug delivery system directed at periodontitis, Biomaterials, 34, 8835, 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.093 Liu, 2020, One-step treatment of periodontitis based on a core–shell micelle-in-nanofiber membrane with time-programmed drug release, J Control Release, 320, 201, 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.045 Tutu, 2019, Bioactive hybrid material with applications in dental medicine, 1 Petit, 2020, Development of a thermosensitive statin loaded chitosan-based hydrogel bone, Int J Pharm, 586, 11, 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119534 Tong, 2020, Construction of functional curdlan hydrogels with bio-inspired polydopamine for synergistic periodontal antibacterial therapeutics, Carbohydr Polym, 245, 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116585 Li, 2019, Novel nanoparticles of cerium-doped zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with dual benefits of antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions against periodontitis, J Mater Chem B, 7, 6955, 10.1039/C9TB01743G Guo, 2021, An in situ mechanical adjustable double crosslinking hyaluronic acid/poly-lysine hydrogel matrix: fabrication, characterization and cell morphology, Int J Biol Macromol, 180, 234, 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.071