Foods consumed by sympatric populations ofGorilla g. gorilla andPan t. troglodytes in Gabon: Some preliminary data

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 6 - Trang 27-43 - 1985
C. E. G. Tutin1,2, M. Fernandez1,2
1Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Gabon, Africa
2University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland

Tóm tắt

Data on foods consumed by gorillas and chimpanzees living in primary forest in Gabon were collected, mainly by examination of the contents of feces. Gorillas ate fruit very regularly (some fruit remains were present in 97.6% of 246 fecal samples examined), in addition to leaves, stems, pith, and bark. Some fruit remains were present in all chimpanzee fecal samples examined. Mean numbers of fruit species per fecal sample were 2.5 for gorillas and 2.1 for chimpanzees. Sixty percent of all identified foods recorded for gorillas were recorded for chimpanzees as well. Our results indicate that important differences in diet exist between western lowland gorillas and the eastern gorilla populations of Kahuzi-Biega and the Virunga Volcanoes. It is now clear that western gorillas cannot be accurately classed as folivores.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Aubréville, A. (1967). La forÊt primaire des montagnes de Belinga. Biol. Gabon. 3: 95–112. Calvert, J. (1982). Ecology of gorillas in Cameroun. Paper presented at Workshop on Gorilla Ecology, IXth Congress of IPS, Atlanta, Ga. Casimir, M. J. (1975). Feeding ecology and nutrition of an eastern gorilla group in the Mt. Kahuzi region (République du Zaire). Folia primatol. 24: 81–136. Clutton-Brock, T. H. (1977). Primate Ecology, Academic Press, London. Clutton-Brock, T. H., and Harvey, P. H. (1980). Primates, brains and ecology. J. Zool. (Lond.) 190: 309–323. Emlen, J. T., and Schaller, G. B. (1960). Distribution and status of the mountain gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringet) —1959. Zoologica 45: 41–52. Fitzgerald, F. L., Barfield, M. A., and Grubs, P. A. (1970). Food preferences in lowland gorillas. Folia primatol. 12: 209–211. Fossey, D., and Harcourt, A. H. (1977). Feeding ecology of free-ranging mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringet). In Clutton-Brock, T.H. (ed.), Primate Ecology, Academic Press, London, pp. 415–447. Goodall, A. G. (1977). Feeding and ranging behaviour of a mountain gorilla group (Gorilla gorilla beringet) in the Tshibinda-Kahuzi region (Zaire). In Clutton-Brock, T.H. (ed.), Primate Ecology, Academic Press, London, pp. 449–479. Goodall, A. G., and Groves, C. P. (1977). The conservation of eastern gorillas. In Prince Rainier III of Monaco and Bourne, G.H. (eds.), Primate Conservation, Academic Press, New York, pp. 599–637. Harcourt, A. H., Fossey, D., Stewart, K. J., and Watts, D. P. (1980). Reproduction in wild gorillas and some comparisons with chaimpanzees. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 28: 59–70. Harcourt, A. H., Fossey, D., and Sabater Pi, J., (1981). Demography of Gorilla gorilla. J. Zool. Lond. 195: 215–233. Harvey, P. H., and Clutton-Brock, T. H. (1983). The survival of a theory. New Sci. Mav: 313–315. Hladik, C. M. (1973). Alimentation et activité d’un groupe de chimpanzés réintroduit en forÊt Gabonaise. Terre Vieil: 343–413. Hladik, C. M. (1977). Chimpanzees of Gabon and chimpanzees of Gombe: Some comparative data on the diet. In Clutton-Brock, T.H. (ed.), Primate Ecology, Academic Press, London, pp. 481–501. Jones, C., and Sabater Pi, J. (1971). Comparative ecology of Gorilla gorilla (Savage and Wyman) and Pan troglodytes (Blumenbach) in Rio Muni, West Africa. Bibli. Primatol. 13: 1–96. Kamil, A. C., and Sargent, T. D. (1982). Foraging Behavior: Ecological, Ethological and Psychological Approaches, Garland STPM Press, New York. McGrew, W. C., and Rogers, M. E. (1983). Chimpanzees, tools, and termites: New records from Gabon. Am. J. Primatol. 5: 171–174. Moreno-Black, G. (1978). The use of scat samples in primate diet analysis. Primates 19: 215–221. Nishida, T. (1974). Ecology of wild chimpanzees. In Ohtsuka, A., Tanaka, J., and Nishida, T. (eds.), Human Ecology, Kyoritsu-Shuppan, Tokyo, pp. 15–60 (Japanese). Nishida, T., and Uehara, S. (1983). Natural diet of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): Long-term records from the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania.Afr. Study Monogr. 3: 109–130. Sabater Pi, J.(1977). Contribution to the study of alimentation of lowland gorillas in the natural state, in Rio Muni, Republic of Equatorial Guinea (West Africa).Primates 18: 183–204. Sabater Pi, J. (1979). Feeding behaviour and diet of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) in the Okorobiko Mountains of Rio Muni (West Africa). Z.Tierpsychol. 50:265–281. Scalier, G. B. (1963).The Mountain Gorilla, Chicago University Press, Chicago. Shea, B. T. (1983a). Size and diet in the evolution of African ape craniodental form.Folia primatol. 40: 32–68. Shea, B. T. (1983b). Phyletic size change and brain/body allometry: A consideration based on the African pongids and other primates.Int. J. Primatol. 4: 33–62. Tutin, C. E. G., and Fernandez, M. (1983). Gorillas feeding on termites in Gabon, West Africa.J. Mammal. 64: 511–513. Tutin, C. E. G., and Fernandez, M. (1984a). Census of gorillas and chimpanzees in Gabon (in preparation). Tutin, C. E. G., and Fernandez, M. (1984b). Nationwide census of gorilla (Gorilla g. gorilla) and chimpanzee (Pan t. troglodytes) populations in Gabon.Am. J. Primatol. 6: 313–336. Vedder, A. (1982). Feeding ecology of a group of mountain gorillas. Paper presented at Workshop on Gorilla Ecology, IXth Congress of IPS, Atlanta, Ga. Watts, D. P. (1982). Feeding behavior of habituated mountain gorillas. Paper presented at Workshop on Gorilla Ecology, IXth Congress of IPS, Atlanta, Ga. Wrangham, R. W. (1977). Feeding behaviour of chimpanzees in Gombe National Park, Tanzania, in Clutton-Brock, T.H. (ed.),Primate Ecology, Academic Press, London, pp. 503–538.