Foliar dust and heavy metal deposit on leaves of urban trees in Budapest (Hungary)

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 43 Số 5 - Trang 1927-1940 - 2021
K. Hrotkó1, Márta Gyeviki1, Diószegi Magdolna Sütöriné1, L. Magyar1, Róbert Mészáros2, Péter Honfi1, Levente Kardós3
1Department of Floriculture and Dendrology, Szent István University, Villányi Str. 35-43., Budapest, 1118, Hungary
2Department of Meteorology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter stny. 1/A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
3Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Szent István University, Villányi Str. 35-43., Budapest, 1118, Hungary

Tóm tắt

AbstractThis work considers dust deposition and the heavy metal (HM) content on leaves of urban trees (Acer platanoides L. ‘Globosum,’ Fraxinus excelsior L. ‘Westhof’s Glorie’ and Tilia tomentosa Moench.) in order to estimate the trees’ capacity to remove dust and HM from the air. Leaves were collected from the Buda Arboretum and from different streets of heavy traffic in Budapest, Hungary, during 2015 and 2016. At each site, five trees were sampled by collecting 6 leaves from each tree from the height of 2–3 m. Dust deposits on the leaves were removed by soaking the fresh foliage in distilled water for 20 h and then washed with ultrasound shaking. Afterward, the leaves were dried to constant weight and then they were digested in nitric acid–hydrogen peroxide treatment, and their Pb, Fe, Ni, Zn and Cu contents were measured using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP AS) spectrometer. The removed dust deposit was dried, and after a similar digestion treatment the Pb, Fe, Ni, Zn and Cu contents were measured using an AURORA AI 1200 AAS appliance. The HM deposit was calculated in mg m–2 leaf surface area. In 2015, the amount of foliar dust deposit from spring to autumn increased from 86.3 to 270.2 mg m–2. The most efficient tree species in trapping dust on their leaves was the silver linden (98.5–123.5 mg m−2), followed by the Norway maple (74.2–84.8 mg m−2) and the common ash (62.8–74.6 mg m−2). The deposit of HM elements showed seasonal differences: the quantity of Fe and Pb deposit on autumnal leaves increased five- to tenfold, while other heavy metals did not show accumulation. Silver linden with its pubescent (hairy) leaf surface proved to be most efficient in entrapping and retaining dust and heavy metals. The 60–100% higher Pb and Fe content of autumnal leaves indicate that over the season leaves may absorb Fe and Pb from the foliar dust. Our results confirmed that the foliar dust is a potential indicator for monitoring the HM content in the air. We also show that foliar dust deposits should be considered when estimating the capacity of urban trees to clean the air.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Aksoy, A., & Demirezen, D. (2006). Fraxinus excelsior as a Biomonitor of Heavy Metal Pollution. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 15(1), 27–33.

Antisari, L. V., Carbone, S., Ferronato, C., Simoni, A., & Vianello, G. (2012). Leaf washing as an assessment tool to characterize dry atmospheric deposition. Environmental Quality, 9, 37–50.

Apeagyei, E., Bank, M. S., & Spengler, J. D. (2010). Distribution of heavy metals in road dust along an urban-rural gradient in Massachusetts. Atmospheric Environment, 45(13), 2310–2323.

Ataabadi, M., Hoodaji, M., & Najafi, P. (2012). Assessment of washing procedure for determination some of airborne metal concentrations. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(19), 439–4395.

Aznar, J. C., Richer-Laflèche, M., Bégin, C., & Bégin, Y. (2009). Lead exclusion and copper translocation in black spruce needles. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 203(1–3), 139–145.

Badamasi, H. (2017). Biomonitoring of air pollution using plants. MAYFEB Journal of Environmental Science, 2, 27–39.

Baidourela, A., & Zhayimu, K. (2015). Patterns of dust retention by urban trees in oasis cities. Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 14(1), 53–57.

Balasooriya, R., Samson, F., Mbikwa, U. W. A., Vitharana, P., Boeckx, M., & Meirvenne, V. (2009). Biomonitoring of urban habitat quality by anatomical and chemical leaf characteristics. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 65, 386–394.

Beckett, K. P., Freer-Smith, P. H., & Taylor, G. (1998). Urban woodlands: their role in reducing the effects of particulate pollution. Environmental Pollution, 99(3), 347–360.

Beckett, K. P., Freer-Smith, P. H., & Taylor, G. (2000a). Effective tree species for local air quality management. Journal of Arboriculture, 26, 12–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00016-25

Beckett, K. P., Freer-Smith, P. H., & Taylor, G. (2000b). Particulate pollution capture by urban trees: effect of species and windspeed. Global Change Biology, 6, 995–1003. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00376.x

Braun, M., Margitai, Z., Leermakers, M., & Finsy, R. (2007). Néhány erdélyi település környezeti állapotának jellemzése a falevelekre lerakódott por vizsgálata alapján. Anyagvizsgálatok Lapja, 17(1), 27–35.

Chaudhary, I. J., & Rathore, D. (2018). Phytomonitoring of dust load and its effect on foliar micromorphological characteristics of urban trees. Plantica Journal of Plant Science, 2(3), 170–179.

Chen, L., Liu, C., Zou, R., Yang, M., & Zhang, Z. (2016). Experimental examination of effectiveness of vegetation as bio-filter of particulate matters in the urban environment. Environmental Pollution, 208, 198–208.

Davidson, C. I., Phalen, R. F., & Solomon, P. A. (2005). Airborne particulate matter and human health: A review. Aerosol Science and Technology, 39(8), 737–749.

Dzierżanowski, K., Popek, R., Gawrońska, H., Sæbø, A., & Gawroński, S. W. (2011). Deposition of particulate matter of different size fractions on leaf surfaces and in waxes of urban forest species. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 13(10), 1037–1046.

Guha, M. M., & Mitchell, R. L. (1966). The trace and major element composition of the leaves of some deciduous trees. Plant and Soil, 24(1), 90–112.

Hofman, J., Bartholomeus, H., Calders, K., Van Wittenberghe, S., Wuyts, K., & Samson, R. (2014). On the relation between tree crown morphology and particulate matter deposition on urban tree leaves: A ground-based LiDARapproach. Atmospheric Environment, 99, 130–139.

Hoodaji, M., Ataabadi, M., & Najafi, P. (2012). Biomonitoring of airborne heavy metal contamination. In M. Khare (Ed.), Air pollution-monitoring (pp. 97–122). InTech: Modelling, Health and Control.

Hovmand, M. F., Nielsen, S. P., & Johnsen, I. (2009). Root uptake of lead by Norway spruce grown on 210Pb spiked soils. Environmental Pollution, 157(2), 404–409.

Hrotkó, K., Magyar, L., Borsos, G., & Gyeviki, M. (2014). Rootstock effect on nutrient concentration of sweet cherry leaves. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 37(9), 1395–1409.

Hrotkó, K., Steiner, M., Forrai, M., Tóth, E. G., Vértesy, M., Leelőssy, Á., et al. (2014). Investigations on environmental benefits of urban trees at Corvinus University of Budapest. In M. Raček (Ed.), Plants in Urban Areas and Landscape. Nitra: Slovak Agricultural University.

AURORA AAS Trace series operation manual and Cookbook. (2005). Vancouver. Canada: AURORA Instruments Ltd.

Jarvis, K. E., Gray, A. L., & Houk, R. S. (1994). Handbook of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. London: Blackie Publication.

Jensen, S., Eriksson, G., Kylin, H., & Strachan, W. M. J. (1992). Atmospheric pollution by persistent organic compounds: monitoring with pine needles. Chemosphere, 24, 229–245.

Jim, C. Y., & Chen, W. Y. (2008). Assessing the ecosystem service of air pollutant removal by urban trees in Guangzhou (China). Journal of Environmental Management, 88(4), 665–676.

Jo, H.-K., & McPherson, E. G. (1995). Carbon storage and flux in urban residential greenspace. Journal of Environmental Management, 45, 109–133.

Hosker, R. P., & Lindbergh, S. E. (1982). Review: Atmospheric deposition and plant assimilation of gases and particles. Atmospheric Environment, 16(5), 889–910.

Kampa, M., & Castanas, E. (2008). Human health effects of air pollution. Environmental Pollution, 151(2), 362–367.

Kim, N. D., & Fergusson, J. E. (1994). Seasonal variations in the concentrations of cadmium copper lead and zinc in leaves of the horse chesnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L). Environmental Pollution, 86(1), 89–97.

Kretinin, V. M., & Selyanina, Z. M. (2006). Dust retention by tree and shrub leaves and its accumulation in light chestnut soils under forest shelterbelts. Eurasian Soil Science, 39(3), 334–338.

Krüssmann, G. J. (1976-78). Handbuch der Laubgehölze. Berlin, Hamburg: Paul Parey Verlag.

Lu, X., Wang, L., Li, L., Lei, Y. K., Huang, L., & Kang, D. (2010). Multivariate statistical analysis of heavy metals in street dust of Baoji in NW China. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 173, 744–749.

Margitai, Z., & Braun, M. (2005a). Falevelekre rakódott por mennyiségének meghatározása turbidimetriás módszerrel. Műszeres Analitika, 4, 127–128.

Margitai, Z., & Braun, M. (2005b). Nyolc európai város légszennyezettségének vizsgálata falevelekről gyűjtött por elemösszetételének diszkriminancia analízisével. Magyar Kémiai Folyóirat, 111(1), 38–41.

Margitai, Z., Braun, M., & Posta, J. (2005). Légszennyezettség jellemzése a falevelekre ülepedett por szervetlen komponenseinek elemzése alapján. Műszeres Analitika, 2, 61–64.

Mori, J., Sæbø, A., Hanslin, H. M., Teani, A., Ferrini, F., Fini, A., & Burchi, G. (2015). Deposition of traffic-related air pollutants on leaves of six evergreen shrub species during a Mediterranean summer season. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 14(2), 264–273.

Nowak, D. J., Crane, D. E., & Stevens, J. C. (2006). Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban forestry and Urban Greening, 4(3), 115–123.

Petkovšek, S. A. S., Batič, F., & Lasnik, C. R. (2008). Norway spruce needles as bioindicator of air pollution in the area of influence of the Šoštanj Thermal Power Plant Slovenia. Environmental Pollution, 151(2), 287–291.

Piczak, K., Leśniewicz, A., & Żyrnicki, W. (2003). Metal concentrations in deciduous tree leaves from urban areas in Poland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 86(3), 273–287.

Rehder, A. (1940). Manual of cultivated trees and shrubs hardy in North America (2nd ed.). Portland, Oregon: Dioscoride Press.

Sæbø, A., Popek, R., Nawrot, B., Hanslin, H. M., Gawronska, H., & Gawronski, S. W. (2012). Plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces. Science of the Total Environment, 427, 347–354.

Simon, E., Baranyai, E., Braun, M., Cserháti, C., Fábián, I., & Tóthmérész, B. (2014). Elemental concentrations in deposited dust on leaves along an urbanization gradient. Science of the Total Environment, 490, 514–520.

Simon, E., Braun, M., Vidic, A., Bogyó, D., Fábián, I., & Tótmérész, B. (2011). Air pollution assessment based on elemental concentration of leaves tissue and foliage dust along an urbanization gradient in Vienna. Environmental Pollution, 159(5), 1229–1233.

Steubing, L. (1982). Problems of bioindications and the necessity of standardization. In L. Steubing & H. J. Jäger (Eds.), Monitoring of air pollutants by plants, methods and problems (pp. 19–24). Hague: Dr. W Junk Publishers.

Szaller, V., Szabó, V., Sütöriné, D. M., Magyar, L., & Hrotkó, K. (2014). Urban Alley Trees in Budapest. In M. Raćek (Ed.), Plants in Urban Areas and Landscape, Slovak Agricultural University. Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering: Nitra.

Tandon, H. L. S. (ed.) (2013). Methods of analysis of soils, plants, waters, fertilisers and organic manures. Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organisation, (pp. 76-111). New Delhi

TomaševićAničić, M. M. (2010). Trace element content in urban tree leaves and SEM-EDAX characterisation of deposited particles. Facta Universitatis, Series: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, 8(1), 1–13.

Tomašević, M., Aničić, M., Jovanović, Lj., Perić-Grujić, A., & Ristić, M. (2011). Deciduous tree leaves in trace elements biomonitoring: A contribution to methodology. Ecological indicators, 11, 1689–1695.

Tóth, E. G. Y., Juhász, Á., Sütöriné, D. M., Steiner, M., & Hrotkó, K. (2015). Leaf gas exchange characteristics of drought stressed linden trees. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 13(4), 1109–1120.

Trees and Shrubs Online. (2017). International Dendrology Society, https://treesandshrubsonline.org/

Uhrin, P., Supuka, J. (2018). Adaptability assessment of Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) on urban environment in Nitra town. Plants in Urban Areas and Landscape In: Conference proceedings, Nitra Agricultural University, 70.

Winge, R. K., Fassel, V. A., Patterson, V. J., & Floyd, M. A. (1985). Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry An Atlas of Spectral Information. London: Elsevier.

Yang, J., McBridea, J., Zhoub, J., & Sun, Z. (2005). The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air pollution reduction. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 3, 65–78.

Yuan, Q., Dongsheng, G., Weiwei, S., & Kangyou, H. (2009). Capture of heavy metals and sulfur by foliar dust in urban Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China. Chemosphere, 75, 447–452.

Zupancic, T., Westmacott, C., & Bulthuis, M. S. (2015). The impact of green space on heat and air pollution in urban communities: A meta-narrative systematic review. Vancouver, BC, Canada: Publication of David Suzuki Foundation.

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Tập 43 Số 5

1927-1940

Thông tin tác giả