Foliar Phytophthora in New Zealand plantation forests: historical presence of Phytophthora kernoviae and association with a previously undiagnosed disorder of Pinus radiata
Tóm tắt
Two foliar Phytophthora species are impacting New Zealand’s pine forests. Both Phytophthora pluvialis and Phytophthora kernoviae cause similar symptoms on pine needles, however P. pluvialis is a recent arrival to New Zealand and is the primary cause of red needle cast disease in Pinus radiata. The objective of this study was to determine if Phytophthora species could be detected in archived foliage collections from plantation forests in New Zealand, to ascertain how long they have been associated with foliar disorders. Foliage samples were selected from dried collections of P. radiata and Pseudotsuga menziesii made between 1963 and 2004. From these, DNA extractions and polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed for both host and pathogen detection. Phytophthora species were detected in eight (of 44) pine mycological herbarium samples; of these, three contained P. kernoviae. The positive P. kernoviae samples were collected in 1999 from Northland, and in 2000 and 2002 from Gisborne. Phytophthora species were detected in an additional six archived foliage samples, collected for nutrient analysis: P. kernoviae in a 1986 sample from Riverhead, Auckland, a putative Phytophthora cactorum in a 1972 sample from Glenbervie, Northland, and other Phytophthora spp. in samples collected in 1972, 1986, 1994 and 1996. Phytophthora pluvialis was not detected in any of the samples tested. The results of this study indicate that some Phytophthora species have been present in pine foliage since at least the 1970s. The presence of P. kernoviae in pine foliage since 1986 suggests that P. kernoviae may be associated with physiological needle blight, a disorder of P. radiata with a previously unknown cause.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Azmat MA, Khan IA, Cheema HM, Rajwana IA, Khan AS, Khan AA (2012) Extraction of DNA suitable for PCR applications from mature leaves of Mangifera indica L. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 13(4):239–243
Brar S, Tabima JF, McDougal RL, Dupont PY, Feau N, Hamelin RC, Panda P, LeBoldus JM, Grünwald NJ, Hansen EM, Bradshaw RE, Williams NM (2018) Genetic diversity of Phytophthora pluvialis, a pathogen of conifers, in New Zealand and the west coast of the United States of America. Plant Pathol 67(5):1131–1139
Brasier CM (2008) The biosecurity threat to the UK and global environment from international trade in plants. Plant Pathol 57:792–808. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01886.x
Brasier CM, Beales PA, Kirk SA, Denman S, Rose J (2005) Phytophthora kernoviae sp nov., an invasive pathogen causing bleeding stem lesions on forest trees and foliar necrosis of ornamentals in the UK. Mycol Res 109:853–859
Bulman L, Ganley R, Dick M (2008) Needle diseases of radiata pine in New Zealand: a review. Scion Client Report (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd.), Rotorua 13010:1–81
Buys MH, Flint HJ, Miller EM, Yao H, Caird AR, Ganley RJ (2016) Preparing for the invasion: efficacy of DNA barcoding to discern the host range of myrtle rust (Puccinia psidii) among species of Myrtaceae. Forestry 89(3):263–270
Crosby TK, Dugdale JS, Watt JC (1998) Area codes for recording specimen localities in the New Zealand subregion. N Z J Zool 25(2):175–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1998.9518148
Dhanya K, Kizhakkayil J, Syamkumar S, Sasikumar B (2007) Isolation and amplification of genomic DNA from recalcitrant dried berries of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)--a medicinal spice. Mol Biotechnol 37(2):165–168
Dick M, Vanner AL (1986) Forest Pathology in New Zealand: Nursery diseases. L. Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute, Ltd.). Rotorua, New Zealand, p 20
Dick MA, Dobbie K, Cooke DEL, Brasier CM (2006) Phytophthora captiosa sp. nov. and P. fallax sp. nov. causing crown dieback of Eucalyptus in New Zealand. Mycol Res 110(4):393–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2006.01.008
Dick MA, Williams NM, Bader MK-F, Gardner JF, Bulman LS (2014) Pathogenicity of Phytophthora pluvialis on Pinus radiata and its relation with red needle cast disease in New Zealand. NZ J for Sci 44(6):1–12
Gutaker RM, Burbano HA (2017) Reinforcing plant evolutionary genomics using ancient DNA. Curr Opin Plant Biol 36:38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2017.01.002
Hansen EM, Reeser P, Sutton W, Gardner J, Williams N (2015) First report of Phytophthora pluvialis causing needle loss and shoot dieback on Douglas-fir in Oregon and New Zealand. Plant Dis 99(5):727. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-14-0943-PDN
Hudler GW (2013) Phytophthora cactorum. For Phytophthoras 3(1). https://doi.org/10.5399/osu/fp.3.1.3396
Hughes K, Tomlinson J, Giltrap P, Barton V, Hobden E, Boonham N, Lane C (2011) Development of a real-time PCR assay for detection of Phytophthora kernoviae and comparison of this method with a conventional culturing technique. Eur J Plant Pathol 131(4):695–703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9843-x
Hughes KJ, Tomlinson JA, Griffin RL, Boonham N, Inman AJ, Lane CR (2006) Development of a one-step real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for diagnosis of Phytophthora ramorum. Phytopathology 96(9):975–981. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-96-0975
Kearse M, Moir R, Wilson A, Stones-Havas S, Cheung M, Sturrock S, Buxton S, Cooper A, Markowitz S, Duran C, Thierer T, Ashton B, Meintjes P, Drummond A (2012) Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics 28(12):1647–1649. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts199
Korbie DJ, Mattick JS (2008) Touchdown PCR for increased specificity and sensitivity in PCR amplification. Nat Protoc 3(9):1452–1456. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2008.133
Kreader CA (1996) Relief of amplification inhibition in PCR with bovine serum albumin or T4 gene 32 protein. Appl Environ Microbiol 62(3):1102–1106
Lucas EJ, Harris SA, Mazine FF, Belsham SR, Nic Lughadha EM, Telford A, Gasson PE, Chase MW (2007) Suprageneric phylogenetics of Myrteae, the generically richest tribe in Myrtaceae (Myrtales). Taxon 56(4):1105–1128. https://doi.org/10.2307/25065906
Marler M, Pedersen D, Mitchell-Olds T, Callaway RM (1999) A polymerase chain reaction method for detecting dwarf mistletoe infection in Douglas-fir and western larch. Can J Forest Res 29(9):1317–1321
Martin MD, Cappellini E, Samaniego JA, Zepeda ML, Campos PF, Seguin-Orlando A, Wales N, Orlando L, Ho SYW, Dietrich FS, Mieczkowski PA, Heitman J, Willerslev E, Krogh A, Ristaino JB, Gilbert MTP (2013) Reconstructing genome evolution in historic samples of the Irish potato famine pathogen. Nat Commun 4(1): 2172
May KJ, Ristaino JB (2004) Identify of the mtDNA haplotype(s) of Phytophthora infestans in historical specimenes from the Irish Potato Famine. Mycol Res 108:471–479. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0953756204009876
McAlonan MJ (1970) An undescribed Phytophthora sp. recovered from beneath stands of Pinus radiata: a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Science, University of Auckland, May 1970
McDougal RL, Cunningham L, Hunter S, Caird A, Flint H, Lewis A, Ganley RJ (2021) Molecular detection of Phytophthora pluvialis, the causal agent of red needle cast in Pinus radiata. J Microbiol Methods 189:106299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2021.106299
McDougal RL, Schwelm A, Bradshaw RE (2011) Dothistromin biosynthesis genes allow inter- and intraspecific differentiation between Dothistroma pine needle blight fungi. For Pathol 41(5):407–416. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00701.x
Newhook FJ (1959) The association of Phytophthora spp. with mortality of Pinus radiata and other conifers I. Symptoms and epidemiology in shelterbelts. N Z J Agric Res 2:808–843
Osmundson TW, Robert VA, Schoch CL, Baker LJ, Smith A, Robich G, Mizzan L, Garbelotto MM (2013) Filling gaps in biodiversity knowledge for macrofungi: contributions and assessment of an herbarium collection DNA barcode sequencing project. PLoS One 8(4):e62419. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062419
Palomera-Avalos V, Castro-Félix P, Villalobos-Arámbula AR (2008) High yield and high quality DNA from vegetative and sexual tissues of Mexican white pine (Pinus ayacahuite). Afr J Biotechnol 7(1):51–54
Ramsfield TD, Dick MA, Beever RE, Horner IJ (2007) Phytophthora kernoviae - of Southern Hemisphere Origin? 4th IUFRO Phytophthoras in Forests and Natural Ecosystems
Reeser P, Sutton W, Hansen E (2013) Phytophthora pluvialis, a new species found in mixed tan-oak-Douglas-fir forests of western Oregon. North American Fungi 8(7):1–8
Reglinski T, Spiers TM, Dick MA, Taylor JT, Gardner J (2009) Management of phytophthora root rot in radiata pine seedlings. Plant Pathol 58(4):723–730. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-3059.2009.02021.X
Ristaino JB (1998) The importance of archival and herbarium materials in understanding the role of oospores in late blight epidemics of the past. Phytopathology 88(11):1120–1130. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto.1998.88.11.1120
Ristaino JB (2002) Tracking historic migrations of the Irish potato famine pathogen. Phytophthora Infestans Microb Infect 4(13):1369–1377. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1286-4579(02)00010-2
Ristaino JB (2020) The importance of mycological and plant herbaria in tracking plant killers. Front Ecol Evol 7(521). https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00521
Ristaino JB, Groves CT, Parra GR (2001) PCR amplification of the Irish potato famine pathogen from historic specimens. Nature 411(6838):695–697. https://doi.org/10.1038/35079606
Sahu SK, Thangaraj M, Kathiresan K (2012) DNA extraction protocol for plants with high levels of secondary metabolites and polysaccharides without using liquid nitrogen and phenol. ISRN Mol Biol 2012:205049
Särkinen T, Staats M, Richardson JE, Cowan RS, Bakker FT (2012) How to open the treasure chest? Optimising DNA extraction from herbarium specimens. PLoS One 7(8):e43808. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043808
Schena L, Duncan JM, Cooke DEL (2008) Development and application of a PCR-based ‘molecular tool box’ for the identification of Phytophthora species damaging forests and natural ecosystems. Plant Pathol 57(1):64–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01689.x
Scott P, Bader MKF, Burgess T, Hardy G, Williams N (2019a) Global biogeography and invasion risk of the plant pathogen genus Phytophthora. Environ Sci Policy 101:175–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2019.08.020
Scott P, Taylor P, Gardner J, Puértolas A, Panda P, Addison S, Hood I, Burgess T, Horner I, Williams N, McDougal R (2019b) Phytophthora aleatoria sp. nov., associated with root and collar damage on Pinus radiata from nurseries and plantations. Australas Plant Pathol 48(4):313–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-019-00631-5
Scott P, Williams N (2014) Phytophthora diseases in New Zealand forests. NZ Journal of Forestry 59(2):14–21
Studholme DJ, Panda P, Sanfuentes Von Stowasser E, González M, Hill R, Sambles C, Grant M, Williams NM, McDougal RL (2019) Genome sequencing of oomycete isolates from Chile supports the New Zealand origin of Phytophthora kernoviae and makes available the first Nothophytophthora sp. genome. Mol Plant Pathol 20(3):423–431. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12765
Tabima J, Gonen L, Gómez-Gallego M, Panda P, Grünwald NJ, McDougal R, Hansen E, Leboldus J, Williams NM (2020) Molecular phylogenomics and population structure of Phytophthora pluvialis. Phytopathology 111(1):108–115. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-06-20-0232-FI
Telfer E, Graham N, Stanbra L, Manley T, Wilcox P (2013) Extraction of high purity genomic DNA from pine for use in a high-throughput genotyping Platform. NZ J for Sci 43(1):1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1179-5395-43-3
Wingfield MJ, Brockerhoff EG, Wingfield BD, Slippers B (2015) Planted forest health: The need for a global strategy. Science 349(6250):832–836
Wright SD, Yong CG, Wichman SR, Dawson JW, Gardner RC (2001) Stepping stones to Hawaii: a trans-equatorial dispersal pathway for Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) inferred from nrDNA (ITS+ETS). J Biogeogr 28(6):769–774. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00605.x
Yoshida K, Burbano HA, Krause J, Thines M, Weigel D, Kamoun S (2014) Mining herbaria for plant pathogen genomes: back to the future. PLoS Pathog 10(4):e1004028. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004028
Yoshida K, Schuenemann VJ, Cano LM, Pais M, Mishra B, Sharma R, Lanz C, Martin FN, Kamoun S, Krause J, Thines M, Weigel D, Burbano HA (2013) The rise and fall of the Phytophthora infestans lineage that triggered the Irish potato famine. Elife 2. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00731.001