Flow dynamics and characterization of a cough

Indoor Air - Tập 19 Số 6 - Trang 517-525 - 2009
Jitendra Gupta1, Chao‐Hsin Lin, Qingyan Chen
1National Air Transportation Center of Excellence for Research in the Intermodal Transport Environment (RITE), School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906-2088, USA.

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Afshari, 2002, Evaluation of cough using Digital Particle Image velocimetry, 975

Badeau, 2002, Preliminary predictions of flow and particulate concentration produced from normal human cough dispersion, 246

Bongers, 2006, Effects of equipment and technique on peak flow measurements, BMC Pulm. Med., 6, 14, 10.1186/1471-2466-6-14

Chao, 2009, Characterization of expiration air jets and droplet size distributions immediately at the mouth opening, J. Aerosol Sci., 40, 122, 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.10.003

Cole, 1998, Characterization of infectious aerosols in health care facilities: an aid to effective engineering controls and preventive strategies, Am. J. Infect. Control, 26, 453, 10.1016/S0196-6553(98)70046-X

Duguid, 1945, The size and the duration of air-carriage of respiratory droplets and droplet-nuclei, J. Hyg., 54, 471

Edgerton, 1959, Multiflash photography, Photogr. Sci. Eng., 3, 288

Fairchild, 1987, Particle concentration in exhaled breath, Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 48, 948, 10.1080/15298668791385868

Fennelly, 2004, Cough generated aerosols of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a new method to study infectiousness, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 169, 604, 10.1164/rccm.200308-1101OC

Gehan, 1970, Estimation of human body surface area from height and weight, Cancer Chemother. Rep., 54, 225

Goldman, 1959, Respiratory function tests; normal values at median altitudes and the prediction of normal results, Am. Rev. Tuberc. Pulm. Dis., 79, 457

Hepper, 1960, Relationship of height to lung volume in healthy men, Chest, 37, 314, 10.1378/chest.37.3.314

Hersen, 2008, Impact of health on particle size of exhaled respiratory aerosols: case-control study, Clean, 36, 572

Holmes, 2006, A review of dispersion modelling and its application to the dispersion of particles: an overview of different dispersion models available, Atmos. Environ., 40, 5902, 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.06.003

Hoppe, 1981, Temperature of expired air under varying climatic conditions, Int. J. Biometeorol., 25, 127, 10.1007/BF02184460

Jennison, 1942, Atomizing of mouth and nose secretions into the air as revealed by high speed photography, Aerobiology, 17, 106

Klepeis, 2002, Characterizing size-specific ETS particle emissions, Proc. Indoor Air, 2, 162

Lamb, 1993, Postoperative laryngeal function assessed by tussometry, Br. J. Anesth., 70, 478

Leiner, 1966, Cough peak flow rate, Am. J. Med. Sci., 251, 211, 10.1097/00000441-196602000-00013

Mahajan, 1994, Relationship between expired lung volume, peak flow rate and peak velocity time during a cough manoeuvre, Br. J. Anaesth., 72, 298, 10.1093/bja/72.3.298

Morawska, 2006, Droplet fate in indoor environments, or can we prevent the spread of infection?, Indoor Air, 16, 335, 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00432.x

Morawska, 2009, Size distribution and sites of origins of droplets expelled from the human respiratory tract during expiratory activities, J. Aerosol Sci., 40, 256, 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.11.002

Papineni, 1997, The size distribution of droplets in the exhaled breath of healthy human subjects, J. Aerosol Med., 10, 105, 10.1089/jam.1997.10.105

Sancho, 2004, Comparison of peak cough flows measured by pneumotachograph and a protable peak flow meter, Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil., 83, 608, 10.1097/01.PHM.0000133431.70907.A2

Settles, 1995, Flow Visualization VII, 2

Singh, 1995, Relationship of peak flow rate and peak velocity time during voluntary coughing, Br. J. Anaesth., 74, 714, 10.1093/bja/74.6.714

Sze To, 2008, A methodology for estimating airborne virus exposures in indoor environments using the spatial distribution of expiratory aerosols and virus viability characteristics, Indoor Air, 18, 425, 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00544.x

VanSciver, 2005, Flow Field Measurements of Human Generated Infectious Aerosols

WHO News, 2002, Bull. World Health Organ., 80, 261

World Bank 2005 http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:20715408~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html

Yang, 2007, The size and concentration of droplets generated by coughing in human subjects, J. Aerosol Med., 20, 484, 10.1089/jam.2007.0610

Zhao, 2005, Numerical study of transport of droplets or particles generated by respiratory system indoors, Build. Environ., 40, 1032, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.09.018

Zhu, 2006a, Investigation into airborne transport characteristics of air-flow due to coughing in a stagnant room environment, ASHRAE Transaction, 112, 123

Zhu, 2006b, Study on transport characteristics of saliva droplets produced by coughing in a calm indoor environment, Build. Environ., 41, 1691, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.06.024