Flow and Telepresence contributing to Internet Abuse: Differences according to Gender and Age

Alexander, 2000, The globalization of addiction, Addiction Research, 8, 501, 10.3109/16066350008998987 Aslanidou, 2008, Youth and the Internet: Uses and practices in the home, Computers & Education, 51, 1375, 10.1016/j.compedu.2007.12.003 Bangay, 1998, An investigation into factors influencing immersion in interactive virtual environments Bauer, 2005, Probing interactions in fixed and multilevel regression: Inferential and graphical techniques, Multivariate Behavioral Research, 40, 373, 10.1207/s15327906mbr4003_5 Blunt, 2005, Project systems of procrastinators: A personal project-analytic and action control perspective, Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 153, 10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00091-4 Brandy, 1998, The relationship between substance use disorders, impulse control disorders, and pathological aggression, The American Journal on Addictions, 7, 221, 10.3109/10550499808998354 Casale, 2011, Psychosocial correlates of Internet use among Italian students, International Journal of Psychology, 46, 10.1080/00207594.2010.541256 Chen, 2006, Flow on the net – Detecting Web users’ positive affects and their flow states, Computers in Human Behavior, 22, 221, 10.1016/j.chb.2004.07.001 Chen, 1999, Optimal experience of web activities, Computers in Human Behavior, 15, 585, 10.1016/S0747-5632(99)00038-2 Chou, 2001, Internet heavy use and addiction among Taiwanese college students: An online interview study, Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 4, 573, 10.1089/109493101753235160 Chou, 2005, A review of the research on Internet addiction, Educational Psychology Review, 17, 363, 10.1007/s10648-005-8138-1 Csikszentmihalyi, 1975 Csikszentmihalyi, 1997 Douglas, 2008, Internet addiction: Meta-synthesis of qualitative research for the decade 1996–2006, Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 10.1016/j.chb.2008.05.009 Elmenzi, 2010, Mediation of cognitive absorption between users’ time, behavior research methods, styles and website satisfaction, Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 15, 1 Frangos, 2010, Internet addiction among Greek University students: Demographic associations with the phenomenon, using the Greek version of young’s Internet addiction test, International Journal of Economic Sciences and Applied Research, 3, 49 Gainsbury, 2011, A systematic review of Internet-based therapy for the treatment of addictions, Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 490, 10.1016/j.cpr.2010.11.007 Hayes, 2009, Computational procedures for probing interactions in OLS and logistic regression: SPSS and SAS implementations, Behavior Research Methods, 41, 924, 10.3758/BRM.41.3.924 Heeter, 1992, Being there: The subjective experience of presence, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 1, 262, 10.1162/pres.1992.1.2.262 Heeter, 2003, Reflections on real presence by a virtual person, Presence, 12, 335, 10.1162/105474603322391587 Hills, 2003, Uses of the Internet and their relationships with individual differences in personality, Computer in Human Behavior, 19, 59, 10.1016/S0747-5632(02)00016-X Hoffman, 1996, Marketing in hypermedia computer-mediated environments: Conceptual foundations, Journal of Marketing, 60, 50, 10.2307/1251841 International Society for Presence Research (2000). The concept of presence: explication statement. <http://ispr.info/S> Retrieved 25.03.12. Internet World Stats (2012). Internet Users in Europe. <http://www.Internetworldstats.com/stats4.htm#europe> Retrieved 19.12.12. Khazaal, 2008, French validation of the Internet addiction test, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 703, 10.1089/cpb.2007.0249 Ko, 2005, Gender differences and related factors affecting online gaming addiction among Taiwanese adolescents, The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 193, 273, 10.1097/01.nmd.0000158373.85150.57 Lavoie, 2001, Cyber-slacking and the procrastination superhighway: A web-based survey of online procrastination, attitudes, and emotion, Social Science Computer Review, 19, 431, 10.1177/089443930101900403 Lee, K. M., & Nass, C. (2001, May). Social presence of social actors: Creating social presence with machine-generated voices. Paper presented at Presence 2001: 4th Annual international workshop, Philadelphia, PA. Lee, 2004, A cross-national market segmentation of online game industry using SOM, Expert System with Applications, 27, 559, 10.1016/j.eswa.2004.06.001 Lim, 2002, The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing, and organizational justice, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 675, 10.1002/job.161 Liu, 2007, A study of Internet addiction through the lens of the interpersonal theory, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 10, 799, 10.1089/cpb.2007.9951 Lombard, 1997, At the heart of it all: The concept of presence, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3, 10.1111/j.1083-6101.1997.tb00072.x Masten, 2006, Competence and psychopathology in development, vol. 3, 96 Mitra, 2001, From cyber space to cybernetic space: rethinking the relationship between real and virtual spaces, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 7, 10.1111/j.1083-6101.2001.tb00134.x Moneta, 1996, The effect of perceived challenges and skills on the quality of subjective experience, Journal of Personality, 64, 275, 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00512.x Morahan-Martin, 2000, Incidence and correlates of pathological Internet use among college students, Computer in Human Behavior, 16, 13, 10.1016/S0747-5632(99)00049-7 Ng, 2005, Addiction to the Internet and online gaming, CyberPsychology and Behavior, 8, 110, 10.1089/cpb.2005.8.110 Novak, T. P., & Hoffman, D. L. (1997). Measuring the flow experience among web users. Paper presented at interval research corporation, July 31, 1997. Oetting, 1987, Peer cluster theory, socialization characteristics and adolescent drug abuse: A path analysis, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, 205, 10.1037/0022-0167.34.2.205 Papastergiou, 2005, ‘Gender issues in Internet access and favourite Internet activities among Greek high school pupils inside and outside school’, Computers & Education, 44, 377, 10.1016/j.compedu.2004.04.002 Preece, 2000 Rafaeli, S. (1985). If the computer is the medium, what is the message?: Exploring interactivity. Conference of the International Communication Association, Honolulu. Reynolds, 2005, Quantitative genetic analysis of latent growth curve models of cognitive abilities in adulthood, Developmental Psychology, 41, 3, 10.1037/0012-1649.41.1.3 Schuemie, M. J., Abel, B., van der Mast, C. A. P. G., Krijn, M., Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2005). The effect of locomotion technique on presence, fear and usability in a virtual environment. In Proceedings of Euromedia 2005 conference (pp. 129–135), Toulouse, France. Schumacher, 2001, Gender, Internet and computer attitudes and experiences, Computers in Human Behavior, 17, 95, 10.1016/S0747-5632(00)00032-7 Seah, M., & Cairns, P. (2008). From immersion to addiction in videogames. In Proceedings of the 22nd British HCI group annual conference. Sexton, 2002, Predicting Internet/e-commerce use, Internet Research, 12, 402, 10.1108/10662240210447155 Shapira, 2003, Problematic Internet use: Proposed classification and diagnostic criteria, Depression and Anxiety, 17, 207, 10.1002/da.10094 Sharafi, 2006, Using information technology: Engagement modes, flow experience, and personality orientations, Computers in Human Behavior, 22, 899, 10.1016/j.chb.2004.03.022 Simkova, 2004, Internet addiction disorder and chatting in the Czech Republic, CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7, 536, 10.1089/cpb.2004.7.536 Siomos, 2008, Internet addiction among Greek adolescent students, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11, 653, 10.1089/cpb.2008.0088 Society of Information Observatory (2011). Internet use by Greeks: Annual report 2011. Hellenic Government Athens. Sonnenwald, D. H., Freid, E., Manning, J. B., Fuchs, H. (2006). Exploring gender differences in perceptions of 3D telepresence collaboration technology: An example from emergency medical care (pp. 381–384). Soule, 2003, Exploring Internet addiction: Demographic characteristics and stereotypes of heavy Internet users, The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 44, 64, 10.1080/08874417.2003.11647553 Stephenson, 1995, Excessive behaviours: An archival study of behavioural tendencies reported by 471 patients admitted to an addiction treatment centre, Addiction Research, 3, 245, 10.3109/16066359509005241 Steuer, 1992, Defining virtual reality: Dimensions determining telepresence, Journal of Communication, 42, 72, 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1992.tb00812.x Tannen, 1990, Gender differences in topical coherence: creating involvement in best friends’ talk, Discourse Processes, 13, 73, 10.1080/01638539009544747 Thatcher, 2008, Online flow experiences, problematic Internet use and Internet procrastination, Computers in Human Behavior, 24, 2236, 10.1016/j.chb.2007.10.008 Thayer, 2006, Online communication preferences across age, gender, and duration of Internet use, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9, 432, 10.1089/cpb.2006.9.432 Thorson, 2008, Constructing the tendency toward Presence Inventory, Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 67, 62, 10.1016/j.ijhcs.2008.08.006 Tsai, 2009, The risk factors of Internet addiction – A survey of university freshmen, Psychiatry Research, 167, 294, 10.1016/j.psychres.2008.01.015 Wan, 2006, Psychological motives and online games addiction: A test of flow theory and humanistic needs theory for Taiwanese adolescents, CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9, 317, 10.1089/cpb.2006.9.317 Weiser, 2000, Gender differences in Internet use patterns and Internet application preferences: a two-sample comparison, Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 3, 167, 10.1089/109493100316012 Widyanto, 2006, Internet addiction: A critical review, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 4, 31, 10.1007/s11469-006-9009-9 Witkiewitz, 2007 Witmer, 1998, Measuring presence in virtual environments: A presence questionnaire, Presence, Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 7, 225, 10.1162/105474698565686 Yang, 2007, Comparison of Internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanese high school, Computers in Human Behavior, 23, 79, 10.1016/j.chb.2004.03.037 Yen, 2008, Psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with Internet addiction: Comparison with substance use, Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 62, 9, 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01770.x Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction survey [Online]. <http://www.pitt.edu/_ksy/survey.htm>. Young, 1998, Internet addiction: the emergence of a new clinical disorder, Cyberpsychology and Behavior, 1, 237, 10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237 Zarrett, 2006, The passage to adulthood: Challenges of late adolescence, New Directions for Youth Development, 111, 13, 10.1002/yd.179