Sinh sản cá: Một chỉ số sinh thái có liên quan đến sự rối loạn nội tiết
Tóm tắt
Các hợp chất gây rối loạn nội tiết có khả năng thay đổi các con đường hormone điều chỉnh các quá trình sinh sản. Ngoại trừ những tác động nội tiết dẫn đến suy giảm sinh sản và sự suy giảm quần thể ở một số loài động vật hoang dã (ví dụ: đại bàng đầu hói ở Great Lake [Hoa Kỳ], cá sấu Mỹ ở Lake Apopka [Florida, Hoa Kỳ]), những tác động sinh thái của việc tiếp xúc với các hợp chất gây rối loạn nội tiết chưa được nghiên cứu đầy đủ. Ví dụ, cá đực tiếp xúc với các hợp chất estrogen cho thấy sự gia tăng sản xuất vitellogenin, một tiền chất của lòng đỏ trứng, nhưng tầm quan trọng sinh học của các mức vitellogenin cao vẫn còn mang tính suy đoán. Cần phát triển các kỹ thuật để dự đoán và đánh giá chính xác hơn mối liên quan sinh thái của việc tiếp xúc với các hợp chất gây rối loạn nội tiết. Trong bài đánh giá này, chúng tôi tập trung vào sinh sản cá như một chỉ số sinh thái có liên quan đến sự rối loạn nội tiết, cụ thể là hoạt động estrogen. Phần tiếp theo sẽ cung cấp một cái nhìn tổng quan ngắn gọn về sinh lý sinh sản và nội tiết của cá lưỡng tính, cũng như phác thảo một số kỹ thuật thường dùng để sàng lọc hoạt động estrogen ở cá. Cuối cùng, một mô hình thí nghiệm sinh sản quy mô đề xuất sử dụng cá Japan medaka (Oryzias latipes) sẽ được trình bày.
Từ khóa
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