Female choice of large males in the treefrog Hyla chrysoscelis: the importance of identifying the scale of choice

Arak A (1983a) Male-male competition and mate choice in anuran amphibians. In: Bateson P (ed) Mate Choice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 181?210

Arak A (1983b) Sexual selection by male-male competition in natterjack toad choruses. Nature 306:261?262

Arnold SJ, Wade MJ (1984) On the measurement of natural and sexual selection: Theory Evolution 38:709?719

Davies NB, Halliday TR (1979) Competitive mate searching in male common toads, Bufo bufo. Anim Behav 27:1253?1267

Emlen ST, Oring LW (1977) Ecology, sexual selection, and the evolution of mating systems. Science 1977:215?223

Endler JA (1986) Natural selection in the wild. Princeton University Press, Princeton

Fairchild L (1981) Mate selection and behavioral thermoregulation in Fowler's Toad. Science 212:950?951

Fellers GM (1979) Mate selection in the gray treefrog, Hyla versicolor. Copeia 1979:286?290

Gatz AJ Jr (1981) Size selective mating in Hyla versicolor and Hyla crucifer. J Herpetol 15:114?116

Gerhardt HC, Daniel RE, Perrill SA, Schramm S (1987) Mating Behaviour and success in the green treefrog. Anim Behav 35:1490?1503

Given MF (1988) Growth rate and the cost of calling activity in male carpenter frogs, Rana virgatipes. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 22:153?160

Godwin GJ, Robel SM (1983) Mating success in male treefrogs, Hyla chrysoscelis (Anura: Hylidae). Herpetologica 39:141?146

Greer BJ, Wells KD (1980) Territorial and reproductive behavior in a centrolenid frog Centrolenella fleischmanni. Herpetologica 36:318?326

Howard RD (1978) The evolution of mating strategies in bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana. Evolution 32:850?871

Howard RD (1980) Mating behavior and mating success in woodfrogs, Rana sylvatica. Anim Behav 28:705?716

Howard RD (1988) Sexual selection on male body size and mating behaviour in American toads, Bufo americanus. Anim Behav 36:1796?1808

Howard RD, Kluge AG (1985) Proximate mechanisms of sexual selection in wood frogs. Evolution 39:260?277

Kluge AG (1981) The life history, social organization, and parental behavior of Hyla rosenbergi Boulenger, a nest-building gladiator frog. Misc Publ Mus Zool, Univ of Michigan, no 160

Koenig WD, Albano SS (1985) On the measurement of sexual selection. Am Nat 127:403?409

Lande R, Arnold SJ (1983) The measurement of selection on correlated characters. Evolution 37:1210?1226

Morris MR, Yoon SL (1989) A Mechanism for female choice of large males in the treefrog Hyla chrysoscelis. Behav Ecol Socio 24

Perril SA, Gerhardt HC, Daniel R (1978) Sexual parasitism in the green treefrog (Hyla cineria). Science 200:1179?1180

Pianka ER, Parker WS (1975) Age-specific reproductive tactics. Amer Natur 109:453?464

Robertson JGM (1986) Female choice, male strategies and the role of vocalizations in the Australian frog Uperoleia rugosa. Anim Behav 34:773?784

Ryan MJ (1980) Female mate choice in a neotropical frog. Science 209:523?525

Ryan MJ (1983) Sexual Selection and Communication in a Neotropical frog Physalaemus pustulosus. Evolution 37:261?272

Trivers RL (1972) Parental investment and sexual selection. In: Campbell BG (ed) Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man, Aldine, Chicago, pp 136?179

Wells KD (1979) Reproductive behavior and male mating success in a neotropical toad, Bufo typhionus. Biotropica 11:301?307

Wells KD, Schwartz JJ (1984) Vocal communication in a neotropical treefrog, Hyla ebraccata: advertisement calls. Anim Behav 32:405

Wittenberger JF (1983) Tactics of mate choice. In: Bateson P (ed) Mate Choice, Cambridge University Press

Woodward BD (1982) Male persistence and mating success in Woodhouse's toad (Bufo woodhousei). Ecology 63:583?585