Bột Lông Gà Là Nguồn Cung Cấp Peptid Có Hoạt Tính Chống Oxy Hóa Từ Thủy Phân Enzym

Waste and Biomass Valorization - Tập 14 - Trang 421-430 - 2022
Igreine Couto da Cunha1, Adriano Brandelli2, Anna Rafaela Cavalcante Braga3,4, Luisa Sala1, Susana Juliano Kalil1
1School of Chemistry and Food, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
2Institute of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
3Department of Bioscience, Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
4Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade Federal de São Paulo – UNIFESP, Diadema, Brazil

Tóm tắt

Lông là nguyên liệu keratin dồi dào nhất trong tự nhiên. Sản phẩm phụ có nguồn gốc từ động vật này chứa khoảng 80-90% protein thô. Nghiên cứu này nhằm tối đa hóa quá trình thủy phân enzym của bột lông bằng enzyme protease từ Bacillus sp. P45 và đánh giá khả năng chống oxy hóa của các phân đoạn khác nhau của sản phẩm thủy phân. Thủy phân enzym được tối đa hóa bằng cách sử dụng thiết kế xoay tròn tổ hợp trung tâm (CCRD) 24, trong đó các ảnh hưởng của các biến số bao gồm nồng độ CaCl2 (0–100 mmol/L), nhiệt độ (35–55 °C), tỷ lệ enzyme/substrate (600–6000 U/g-protein), và nồng độ protein trong substrate (10–40 g/L) được ước tính trên các phản hồi như độ thủy phân (DH) và tỷ lệ phục hồi protein (PR). Các giá trị DH và PR cao nhất đạt được khi quá trình thủy phân được thực hiện với 50 mmol/L CaCl2, 50 °C, 6000 U/g-protein và nồng độ protein substrate là 10 g/L. Sản phẩm thủy phân cho độ DH là 8.4% và PR là 37.5% tại 6 giờ phản ứng. Các peptide thu được được tách bởi trọng lượng phân tử thông qua quá trình siêu lọc tuần tự trong các màng 10 và 3 kDa, và các hoạt tính chống oxy hóa của các phân đoạn khác nhau được phân tích. Phân đoạn < 3 kDa cho thấy khả năng cao hơn trong việc giữ các gốc ABTS⋅+ (90.20 μmol TE/g) và peroxyl (1892.47 μmol TE/g). Nghiên cứu này chỉ ra tiềm năng của Bacillus sp. P45 trong việc thủy phân bột lông, dẫn đến việc thu được các peptide có hoạt tính chống oxy hóa.

Từ khóa

#thủy phân enzym #Bacillus sp. #hoạt tính chống oxy hóa #peptide #bột lông

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