Fatal sarin poisoning in Syria 2013: forensic verification within an international laboratory network

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 36 Số 1 - Trang 61-71 - 2018
Harald John1, M.J. van der Schans2, Marianne Koller1, Helma Spruit2, Franz Worek1, Horst Thiermann1, Daan Noort2
1Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 80937, Munich, Germany
2Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research TNO, 2280 AA, Rijswijk, The Netherlands

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Worek F, Wille T, Koller M, Thiermann H (2016) Toxicology of organophosphorus compounds in view of an increasing terrorist threat. Arch Toxicol 90:2131–2145

United Nations Mission to Investigate Allegations of the Use of Chemical Weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic (2013) Final report. https://unoda-web.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/report.pdf . Accessed June 2017

Enserink M (2013) U.N. taps special labs to investigate Syrian attack. Science 341:1050–1051

Black RM, Read RW (2013) Biological markers of exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents. Arch Toxicol 87:421–437

Tuin AW, Mol MAE, van den Berg RM, Fidder A, van der Marel GA, Overkleeft HS, Noort D (2009) Activity-based protein profiling reveals broad reactivity of the nerve agent sarin. Chem Res Toxicol 22:683–689

John H, Balszuweit F, Kehe K, Worek F, Thiermann H (2015) Toxicokinetic aspects of nerve agents and vesicants. In: Gupta R (ed) Handbook of toxicology of chemical warfare agents, 2nd edn. Academic Press/Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 817–856

John H, Worek F, Thiermann H (2008) LC–MS-based procedures for monitoring of toxic organophosphorus compounds and verification of pesticide and nerve agent poisoning. Anal Bioanal Chem 391:97–116

Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (2017) Annex on chemicals. https://www.opcw.org/chemical-weapons-convention/annexes/annex-on-chemicals/ . Accessed April 2017

Kranawetvogl A, Müller S, Kubik S, Spruit H, Thiermann H, Worek F, Noort D, Reiter G (2015) Elimination kinetics and molecular reaction mechanisms of cyclosarin (GF) by an oxime substituted β-cyclodextrin derivative in vitro. Toxicol Lett 239:41–52

Holland KE, Solano MI, Johnson RC, Maggio VL, Barr JR (2008) Modifications to the organophosphorus nerve agent-protein adduct refluoridation method for retrospective analysis of nerve agent exposures. J Anal Toxicol 32:116–124

Sporty JLS, Lemire SW, Jakubowski EM, Renner JA, Evans RA, Williams RF, Schmidt JG, van der Schans MJ, Noort D, Johnson RC (2010) Immunomagnetic separation and quantification of butyrylcholinesterase nerve agent adducts in human serum. Anal Chem 82:6593–6600

Noort D, Hulst AG, Platenburg DH, Polhuijs M, Benschop HP (1998) Quantitative analysis of O-isopropyl methylphosphonic acid in serum samples of Japanese citizens allegedly exposed to sarin: estimation of internal dosage. Arch Toxicol 72:671--675

Degenhardt CE, Pleijsier K,  van der Schans MJ, Langenberg JP, Preston KE, Solano MI, Maggio VL, Barr JR (2004) Improvements of the fluoride reactivation method for the verification of nerve agent exposure. J Anal Toxicol 28:364--371

Fidder A, Noort D, Hulst AG, De Ruiter R, Van der Schans MJ, Benschop HP, Langenberg JP (2002) Retrospective detection of exposure to organophosphorus anti-cholinesterases: mass spectrometric analysis of phosphylated human butyrylcholinesterase. Chem Res Toxicol 15:582–590

John H, Breyer F, Schmidt C, Mizaikoff B, Worek F, Thiermann H (2015) Small-scale purification of butyrylcholinesterase from human plasma and implementation of a μLC–UV/ESI MS/MS method to detect its organophosphorus adducts. Drug Test Anal 7:947–956

Williams NH, Harrison JM, Read RW, Black RM (2007) Phosphylated tyrosine in albumin as a biomarker of exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents. Arch Toxicol 81:627–639

John H, Breyer F, Thumfart JO, Höchstetter H, Thiermann H (2010) Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for detection and identification of albumin phosphylation by organophosphorus pesticides and G- and V-type nerve agents. Anal Bioanal Chem 398:2677–2691

Fraga CG, Acosta GA, Crenshaw MD, Wallace K, Mong GM, Colburn HA (2011) Impurity profiling to match a nerve agent to its precursor source for chemical forensics applications. Anal Chem 83:9564–9572