Fast ionic conduction in semiconductor CeO2-δ electrolyte fuel cells

NPG Asia Materials - Tập 11 Số 1 - 2019
Baoyuan Wang1, Bin Zhu1, Sining Yun2, Wei Zhang1, Xia Chen1, Muhammad Afzal3, Yixiao Cai4, Yanyan Liu3, Yi Wang5, Hao Wang1
1Hubei Key Laboratory of Ferro & Piezoelectric Materials and Devices, Faculty of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China
2Functional Materials Laboratory (FML), School of Materials & Mineral Resources, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, China
3Department of Energy Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-10044, Sweden
4State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 Ren'min North Road, Shanghai, 201620, China
5Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

Tóm tắt

AbstractProducing electrolytes with high ionic conductivity has been a critical challenge in the progressive development of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for practical applications. The conventional methodology uses the ion doping method to develop electrolyte materials, e.g., samarium-doped ceria (SDC) and yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), but challenges remain. In the present work, we introduce a logical design of non-stoichiometric CeO2-δ based on non-doped ceria with a focus on the surface properties of the particles. The CeO2−δ reached an ionic conductivity of 0.1 S/cm and was used as the electrolyte in a fuel cell, resulting in a remarkable power output of 660 mW/cm2 at 550 °C. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) combined with electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) clearly clarified that a surface buried layer on the order of a few nanometers was composed of Ce3+ on ceria particles to form a CeO2−δ@CeO2 core–shell heterostructure. The oxygen deficient layer on the surface provided ionic transport pathways. Simultaneously, band energy alignment is proposed to address the short circuiting issue. This work provides a simple and feasible methodology beyond common structural (bulk) doping to produce sufficient ionic conductivity. This work also demonstrates a new approach to progress from material fundamentals to an advanced low-temperature SOFC technology.

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