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Phân tích kiểu hình, môi trường lắng đọng và địa tầng chuỗi tương quan của tầng Gachsaran tại Tây Nam Iran
Tóm tắt
Thế Miocene dưới tại Tây Nam Iran bao gồm tầng Gachsaran. Tầng này cấu thành một trong những lớp vỏ chính của các hồ chứa dầu tại Tây Nam Iran, bao gồm một chuỗi dày đặc các đá bốc hơi trong bể Zagros. Nghiên cứu này trình bày phân tích kiểu hình, môi trường lắng đọng và địa tầng chuỗi tương quan tại Tây Nam Iran. Để nghiên cứu về kiến trúc đá học, kiểu hình, môi trường lắng đọng và địa tầng chuỗi của tầng Gachsaran, 10 đoạn cắt ngầm từ các mỏ dầu Aghajari và Rag-e-Sefid ở phía Tây Nam Iran cùng một đoạn địa tầng bề mặt tại khu vực Shiraz (đoạn Hossini-Al-Hashemi) đã được lựa chọn và nghiên cứu. Phân tích kiểu hình đã dẫn đến việc nhận diện 13 kiểu hình được lắng đọng trong 2 môi trường lắng đọng phụ chính, đó là đồng bằng triều (sabkha) và lagun trong môi trường lắng đọng trong dốc đồng nhất. Kiến trúc đá học, phân tích vi kiểu hình và môi trường lắng đọng của tầng Gachsaran cho thấy tầng này trong khu vực nghiên cứu bao gồm 4 chuỗi lắng đọng. Các chuỗi lắng đọng này được phân tách bởi cả hai ranh giới chuỗi loại 1 và loại 2. Dựa trên gamma-ray, log âm thanh và mỏng từ mẫu cắt cho phép xác định sáu chuỗi lắng đọng bậc 5, hai chuỗi bậc 4 và một phần nhỏ của chuỗi bậc 3 trong thành viên caprock 1 và phần dưới của thành viên 2 tầng Gachsaran. Ranh giới chuỗi dưới với tầng Asmari là ranh giới xói mòn SB1. Các chuỗi bậc 5 được quan sát với độ dày khác nhau giữa 4 và 10 m. Trong caprock, hai chuỗi bậc 4 với độ dày khoảng 20 m đã được nhận diện, chỉ là một phần của chuỗi lắng đọng (bậc 3). Ranh giới dưới với tầng Asmari là SB1. Trục hệ TST bao gồm parasequences kiểu hình sabkha và lagun. MFS trong chuỗi này được đánh dấu bằng đá bùn bitomino và hệ thống HST sớm bao gồm các kiểu hình sabkha và lagun xen kẽ. Tầng Gachsaran trong đoạn bề mặt bao gồm chín chuỗi lắng đọng bậc 4, nằm trong bốn chuỗi lắng đọng bậc 3. Các parasequences này được cấu thành từ chuỗi đá bốc hơi cacbonat của marl xanh, đá vôi, cát, thạch cao và marl đỏ tương ứng. Trong giai đoạn Oligocene–Miocene, mức nước biển tăng cao và tầng cacbonat Asmari đã được lắng đọng tại phía Tây Nam Iran và trong giai đoạn lùi của mức nước biển Miocene, tầng Gachsaran đã được lắng đọng trong khu vực nghiên cứu dưới các điều kiện kết hợp sabkha/đồng bằng triều.
Từ khóa
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