Extension of the Explosion Vent Analyzer (EVA): A Computational Model Predicting Explosion Parameters of Fuel Blends

U.S. Fire Statistics (2012) U.S. Fire Administration. https://www.usfa.fema.gov/data/statistics/. Accessed 27 Jul 2021

Ahrens M, Evarts B (2018) Natural gas and propane fires, explosions and leaks estimates and incident descriptions. www.nfpa.org/research. Accessed 23 Jan 2022

Cant RS, Dawes WN, Savill AM (2004) Advanced cfd and modeling of accidental explosions. Undefined 36:97–119. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV.FLUID.36.050802.121948.

Okhitin VN, Selivanov VV (1996) Mathematical modeling of accidental gas explosions. Combust Explos Shock Waves 31(6):745–753. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00744984

Zheng K et al (2022) Application of large eddy simulation in methane-air explosion prediction using thickening flame approach. Process Saf Environ Prot 159:662–673. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSEP.2022.01.044

Pascaud JM, Rocourt X, Sochet I (2022) Simulation of hydrogen explosions in closed or vented connected vessels,. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2022.2026341, pp 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2022.2026341.

Dorofeev SB (2011) Flame acceleration and explosion safety applications. Proc Combust Inst 33(2):2161–2175. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCI.2010.09.008

Moiseeva KMM, Krainov YY (2022) Simulation of combustion of methane-air mixture in two-dimensional approximation. J Phys Conf Ser 2150(1):012013. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2150/1/012013

Grabarczyk M, Teodorczyk A, Di Sarli V, Di Benedetto A (2016) Effect of initial temperature on the explosion pressure of various liquid fuels and their blends. J Loss Prev Process Ind 44:775–779. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JLP.2016.08.013

Cao Y, Li B, Xie L, Pan X (2022) Experimental and numerical study on pressure dynamic and venting characteristic of methane-air explosion in the tube with effect of methane concentration and vent burst pressure. Fuel 316:123311. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FUEL.2022.123311

Tran MV, Scribano G, Chong CT, Ho TX (2018) Simulation of explosion characteristics of syngas/air mixtures. Energy Procedia 153:131–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EGYPRO.2018.10.024

Zhang S, Ma H, Huang X, Peng S (2020) Numerical simulation on methane-hydrogen explosion in gas compartment in utility tunnel. Process Saf Environ Prot 140:100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSEP.2020.04.025

Di Sarli V, Di Benedetto A, Russo G (2010) Sub-grid scale combustion models for large eddy simulation of unsteady premixed flame propagation around obstacles. J Hazard Mater 180(1–3):71–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2010.03.006

Di Sarli V, Di Benedetto A, Russo G (2012) Large Eddy Simulation of transient premixed flame–vortex interactions in gas explosions. Chem Eng Sci 71:539–551. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CES.2011.11.034

Forcier T, Zalosh R (2000) External pressures generated by vented gas and dust explosions. J Loss Prev Process Ind 13(3–5):411–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-4230(99)00044-3

NFPA 68 (2007) NFPA 68 Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting. National Fire Protection Association. http://www.nfpa.org/. Accessed 07 Sep 2020

Molkov V, Bragin M (2015) Hydrogen-air deflagrations: vent sizing correlation for low-strength equipment and buildings. Int J Hydrogen Energy 40(2):1256–1266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.067

Ugarte OJ, Akkerman V, Rangwala AS (2016) A computational platform for gas explosion venting. Process Saf Environ Prot 99:167–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2015.11.001

Sezer H, Ogunfuye S, Javad H, Akkerman V (2020) Methane-induced explosions in cylindrical vented enclosures. https://bit.ly/33kmaaw

Mulpuru SR, Wilkin GB (1982) A model for vented deflagration of hydrogen in a volume. http://inis.iaea.org/Search/search.aspx?orig_q=RN:13705575. Accessed 07 Sep 2020

Sinha A, Wen JX (2019) A simple model for calculating peak pressure in vented explosions of hydrogen and hydrocarbons. Int J Hydrogen Energy 44(40):22719–22732. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHYDENE.2019.02.213

Sinha A, Madhav Rao VC, Wen JX (2019) Performance evaluation of empirical models for vented lean hydrogen explosions. Int J Hydrogen Energy 44(17):8711–8726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.101

Bradley D, Mitcheson A (1978) The venting of gaseous explosions in spherical vessels. I-Theory. Combust Flame 32:221–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(78)90098-6

Bradley D, Mitcheson A (1978) The venting of gaseous explosions in spherical vessels. II-Theory and experiment. Combust Flame 32(1):237–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(78)90099-8

Bauwens CR, Chaffee J, Dorofeev S (2010) Effect of ignition location, vent size, and obstacles on vented explosion overpressures in propane-air mixtures. Combust Sci Technol 182(11–12):1915–1932. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2010.497415

Bauwens CR, Chaffee J, Dorofeev SB (2011) Vented explosion overpressures from combustion of hydrogen and hydrocarbon mixtures. Int J Hydrogen Energy 36(3):2329–2336. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.04.005

Bauwens CR, Chao J, Dorofeev SB (2012) Effect of hydrogen concentration on vented explosion overpressures from lean hydrogen-air deflagrations. Int J Hydrogen Energy 37(22):17599–17605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.04.053

Kodakoglu F (2020) Experimental, computational and analytical studies towards a predictive scenario for a burning accident. West Virginia University Libraries

Ogunfuye S, Sezer H, Kodakoglu F, Farahani HF, Rangwala AS, Akkerman V (2021) Dynamics of explosions in cylindrical vented enclosures: validation of a computational model by experiments. Fire 4(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4010009

Ogunfuye S, Sezer H, Said AO, Simeoni A, Akkerman V (2022) An analysis of gas-induced explosions in vented enclosures in lithium-ion batteries. J Energy Storage 51:4438. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EST.2022.104438

Sezer H, Kronz F, Akkerman V, Rangwala AS (2017) Methane-induced explosions in vented enclosures. J Loss Prev Process Ind 48:199–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2017.04.009

Strakey P (2017) Oxy-combustion fundamentals for direct fired cycles. https://netl.doe.gov/node/8384

David GG, Raymond SL, Harry MK, Bryan WW (2021) An object-oriented software toolkit for chemical kinetics, thermodynamics, and transport processes. cantera.org

Kee RJ, Coltrin ME, Glarborg P (2003) Chemically reacting flow: theory & practice. Wiley, New York

Goodwin D (2021) One-dimensional Flames | Cantera. https://cantera.org/science/flames.html#kee2017. Accessed 09 Sept 2020

Smooke MD, Miller JA, Kee RJ (1983) Determination of adiabatic flame speeds by boundary value methods. Combust Sci Technol 34(1–6):79–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102208308923688

Daubech J, Leprette E, Duclos A, Proust C (2018) Accounting for turbulence in gas explosion venting design. https://hal-ineris.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-01875967. Accessed 09 Sept 2020

Johnsplass J, Henriksen M, Vaagsaether K, Lundberg J, Bjerketvedt D (2017) Simulation of burning velocities in gases vented from thermal run-a-way lithium ion batteries. In: Proceedings of the 58th Conference Simulation Modeling (SIMS 58) Reykjavik, Iceland, Sep 25th–27th, 2017, vol 138, pp 157–161, Sep 2017. doi: https://doi.org/10.3384/ECP17138157.

Nilsson EJK, van Sprang A, Larfeldt J, Konnov AA (2017) The comparative and combined effects of hydrogen addition on the laminar burning velocities of methane and its blends with ethane and propane. Fuel 189:369–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.10.103

Konnov AA The temperature and pressure dependences of the laminar burning velocity: experiments and modelling

Ma Q, Zhang Q, Chen J, Huang Y, Shi Y (2014) Effects of hydrogen on combustion characteristics of methane in air. Int J Hydrogen Energy 39(21):11291–11298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.05.030

Cammarota F, Di Benedetto A, Di Sarli V, Salzano E, Russo G (2009) Combined effects of initial pressure and turbulence on explosions of hydrogen-enriched methane/air mixtures. J Loss Prev Process Ind 22(5):607–613. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JLP.2009.05.001

Liu W, Guo J, Zhang J, Zhang S (2021) Effect of vent area on vented deflagration of hydrogen–methane–air mixtures. Int J Hydrogen Energy 46(9):6992–6999. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJHYDENE.2020.11.123

Salzano E, Cammarota F, Di Benedetto A, Di Sarli V (2012) Explosion behavior of hydrogen-methane/air mixtures. J Loss Prev Process Ind 25(3):443–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2011.11.010

Shen X, Zhang B, Zhang X, Xiu G (2017) Explosion characteristics of methane-ethane mixtures in air. J Loss Prev Process Ind 45:102–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JLP.2016.11.012