Exploring the role of immune pathways in the risk and development of depression in adolescence: Research protocol of the IDEA-FLAME study

Avenevoli, 2015, Major depression in the national comorbidity survey-adolescent supplement: prevalence, correlates, and treatment, J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 54, 37, 10.1016/j.jaac.2014.10.010 Baumeister, 2014, Inflammatory biomarker profiles of mental disorders and their relation to clinical, social and lifestyle factors, Soc. Psychiatr. Psychiatr. Epidemiol., 49, 841, 10.1007/s00127-014-0887-z Baumeister, 2016, Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: a meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha, Mol. Psychiatr., 21, 642, 10.1038/mp.2015.67 Bi, 2016, Sample size calculation while controlling false discovery rate for differential expression analysis with RNA-sequencing experiments, BMC Bioinf., 17, 146, 10.1186/s12859-016-0994-9 Botter-Maio Rocha, 2020, Identifying adolescents at risk for depression: a prediction score performance in cohorts based in three different continents, J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 60, 262, 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.12.004 Brathwaite, 2020, Predicting the risk of depression among adolescents in Nepal using a model developed in Brazil: the IDEA Project, Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr., 30, 213, 10.1007/s00787-020-01505-8 Brathwaite, 2020, Predicting the risk of future depression among school-attending adolescents in Nigeria using a model developed in Brazil, Psychiatr. Res., 294, 113511, 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113511 Caldwell, 2020, Maximising the potential of neuroimmunology, Brain Behav. Immun., 87, 189, 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.010 Carbia, 2021, A biological framework for emotional dysregulation in alcohol misuse: from gut to brain, Mol. Psychiatr., 26, 1098, 10.1038/s41380-020-00970-6 Cattaneo, 2018, FoxO1, A2M, and TGF-beta1: three novel genes predicting depression in gene X environment interactions are identified using cross-species and cross-tissues transcriptomic and miRNomic analyses, Mol. Psychiatr., 23, 2192, 10.1038/s41380-017-0002-4 Caye, 2017, Schedule for affective disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children - present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), DSM-5 update: translation into Brazilian Portuguese, Br. J. Psychiatr., 39, 384, 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2317 Cipriani, 2016, Comparative efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants for major depressive disorder in children and adolescents: a network meta-analysis, Lancet, 388, 881, 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30385-3 D'Acunto, 2019, Inflammatory cytokines in children and adolescents with depressive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis, J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol., 29, 362, 10.1089/cap.2019.0015 DeSousa, 2014, Psychometric properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS): self- and parent-report versions, J. Anxiety Disord., 28, 427, 10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.03.006 do Prado, 2017, Evidence for immune activation and resistance to glucocorticoids following childhood maltreatment in adolescents without psychopathology, Neuropsychopharmacology, 42, 2272, 10.1038/npp.2017.137 Enache, 2019, Markers of central inflammation in major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining cerebrospinal fluid, positron emission tomography and post-mortem brain tissue, Brain Behav. Immun., 81, 24, 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.06.015 Enache, 2021, Peripheral immune markers and antipsychotic non-response in psychosis, Schizophr. Res., 230, 1, 10.1016/j.schres.2020.12.020 Euteneuer, 2017, Immunological effects of behavioral activation with exercise in major depression: an exploratory randomized controlled trial, Transl. Psychiatry, 7, e1132, 10.1038/tp.2017.76 Ferrari, 2013, The epidemiological modelling of major depressive disorder: application for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, PLoS One, 8, 10.1371/journal.pone.0069637 Goncalves, 2014, Cohort profile update: the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort follow-up visits in adolescence, Int. J. Epidemiol., 43, 1082, 10.1093/ije/dyu077 Kieling, 2019, Identifying depression early in adolescence, Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 3, 211, 10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30059-8 Kieling, 2021 Lynall, 2019, Peripheral blood cell-stratified subgroups of inflamed depression, Biol. Psychiatr., 88, 185, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.11.017 Miller, 2012, Clustering of depression and inflammation in adolescents previously exposed to childhood adversity, Biol. Psychiatr., 72, 34, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.034 Miller, 2016, The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 16, 22, 10.1038/nri.2015.5 Mondelli, 2019, From early adversities to immune activation in psychiatric disorders: the role of the sympathetic nervous system, Clin. Exp. Immunol., 197, 319, 10.1111/cei.13351 Mueller, 2004 Nettis, 2021, Augmentation therapy with minocycline in treatment-resistant depression patients with low-grade peripheral inflammation: results from a double-blind randomised clinical trial, Neuropsychopharmacology, 46, 939, 10.1038/s41386-020-00948-6 Posner, 2011, The Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale: initial validity and internal consistency findings from three multisite studies with adolescents and adults, Am. J. Psychiatr., 168, 1266, 10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10111704 Poznanski, 1985, Children's depression rating scale - revised (September 1984), Psychopharmacol. Bull., 21, 979 Rosa, 2018, Translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the Mood and Feelings questionnaire (MFQ) - long version, Trends Psychiatry Psychother, 40, 72, 10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0019 Schumann, 2014, Stratified medicine for mental disorders, Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol, 24, 5, 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.09.010 Spence, 1998, A measure of anxiety symptoms among children, Behav. Res. Ther., 36, 545, 10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00034-5 Stallard, 2012, Classroom based cognitive behavioural therapy in reducing symptoms of depression in high risk adolescents: pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial, BMJ, 345, 10.1136/bmj.e6058 Stringaris, 2012, The Affective Reactivity Index: a concise irritability scale for clinical and research settings, JCPP (J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry), 53, 1109, 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02561.x Thapar, 2012, Depression in adolescence, Lancet, 379, 1056, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60871-4 Wittenberg, 2020, Major depressive disorder is associated with differential expression of innate immune and neutrophil-related gene networks in peripheral blood. A quantitive review of whole genome transcriptional data from case-control studies, Biol. Psychiatr., 88, 625, 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.05.006 Zajkowska, 2021, A systematic review of the association between biological markers and environmental stress risk factors for adolescent depression, J. Psychiatr. Res., 138, 163, 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.04.003 Zilioli, 2021, Endocrine and immunomodulatory effects of social isolation and loneliness across adulthood, Psychoneuroendocrinology, 128, 105194, 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105194