Experimental and numerical studies of the lower flammability limit of mixtures of C1–C5 hydrocarbons with air

T. A. Bolshova1, O. P. Korobeinichev1, D. A. Knyaz’kov1, A. G. Shmakov1, A. A. Chernov1, S. A. Yakimov1
1Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

Tóm tắt

The lower concentration limit of flammability of hydrocarbon-air mixtures has been studied experimentally and by numerical simulation. Simulation using a detailed mechanism of chemical reactions has shown that calculations results are in good agreement with experimental data on the effect of water vapor on the lean concentration limit of flammability of hydrocarbon mixtures with air. The presence of water vapor at low concentrations in the mixture does not affect the lower concentration limit of flammability, but, at the same time, significantly changes the flame propagation velocity. Key words: concentration limits of flammability, opposed-jet premixed flame, hydrocarbons.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

A. N. Baratov, V. S. Babkin, V. N. Krivulin, et al., Flammability Limits [in Russian], Research Institute of Fire Prevention, Moscow (1972).

A. N. Baratov, Combutsion-Fire-Explosion-Safety [in Russian], Research Institute of Fire Prevention, Russian Emergencies Ministry (2003).

L. A. Lovachev, V. S. Babkin, V. A. Bunev, et al., “Flammability limits: An invited review,” Combust. Flame, 20, No. 2, 259–289 (1973).

H. G. Coward and G. W. Jones, “Limits of flammability of gases and vapors,” U. S. Bureau of Mines, Bull. No. 503 (1952).

A. I. Rozlovskii, Fundamentals of the Explosion Safety in Working with Flammable Gases and Vapor [in Russian], Khimiya, Moscow (1980), pp. 185–186.

Fire Safety. Methods for Calculating the Concentration Limits of Flammability of Gases and Vapor, State Standard No. 12.1.039-82 (1982).

Fire Safety. Method of Experimental Determination of the Flammability Limits of Gas- and Vapor-Air Mixtures, State Standard No. GOST 12.1.044-89 (1989).

A. N. Baratov, E. N. Ivanov, A. Ya. Korol’chenko, et al., Fire Safety. Explosion Safety: Handbook [in Russian], Khimiya, Moscow (1987), pp. 38–60.

C. K. Law, D. L. Zhu, and G. Yu, “Propagation and extinction of stretched premixed flames,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 1419–1426 (1986).

D. A. Knyaz’kov, S. A. Yakimov, O. P. Korobeinichev, and A. G. Shmakov, “Effect of trimethylphosphate additives on the flammability concentration limits of premixed methane-air mixtures,” Combust., Expl., Shock Waves, 44, No. 1, 9–17 (2008).

H. J. Curran, P. Gaffuri, W. J. Pitz, and C. K. Westbrook, “A comprehensive modeling study of n-heptane oxidation,” Combust. Flame, 114, 149–177 (1998).

N. M. Marinov, W. J. Pitz, C. K. Westbrook, A.M. Vincitore, M. J. Castaldi, and S.M. Senkan, “Aromatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in a laminar premixed n-butane flame,” Combust. Flame, 114, 192–213 (1998).

H. J. Curran, P. Gaffuri, W. J. Pitz, and C. K. Westbrook, “A comprehensive modeling study of iso-octane oxidation,” Combust. Flame, 129, 253–280 (2002).

H. J. Curran, W. J. Pitz, C. K. Westbrook, C. V. Callahan, and F. L. Dryer, “Oxidation of automotive primary reference fuels at elevated pressures,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 27, 379–387 (1998).

M. Sjoberg and J. E. Dec, “An investigation into lowest acceptable combustion temperatures for hydrocarbon fuel in HCCI engines,” Proc. Combust. Inst., 30, 2719–2726 (2005).

A. C. Egerton and J. J. Powling, “The limits of flame propagation at atmospheric pressure,” Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 193, 172–190 (1948).

Ch. E. Baukal (ed.), Oxygen-Enhanced Combustion. Industrial Combustion, CRC Press (1998), p. 266.

Fire and Explosion Safety of Substances and Materials and Means of Extinguishing [in Russian], Khimiya, Moscow (1990).

C. K. Law and F. N. Egolfopolos, “A kinetic criterion of flammability limits: The C-H-O-inert system,” in: Twenty-Third Symp (Int.) on Combustion, 413–421 (1991).