Expeditious re-hydrogenation kinetics of ball-milled magnesium hydride (B-MgH2) decorated acid-treated halloysite nanotube (A-HNT)/polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite (B-MgH2/A -HNT/PANI) for fuel cell applications
Tóm tắt
Our environment is getting effluent day by day due to modernization and industrialization which leads to more serious issues in recent years. Hydrogen energy is considered a green, clean, and sustainable alternative energy carrier. So, the present work is focused on the effective storing of hydrogen on metal hydride (MgH2) and natural clay nanotube (A-HNT) decorated conductive polymer (PANI) nanocomposite. A facile two-step synthesis was adopted for the preparation of B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI nanocomposite. The structural, morphological, elemental, and specific surface area studies of the prepared B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI nanocomposite confirm the presence of B-MgH2, A-HNT, and PANI. During ball milling, more defective sites were created at the surface of MgH2, A-HNT, and PANI and thereby more specific surface area (441.2 m2 g−1) in the case of B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI nanocomposite. In contrast, the addition of PANI and A-HNT promotes quick disintegration of B-MgH2 at 252 °C instead of 352 °C which is authenticated by all-thermal analysis (Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD)). The amount of stored hydrogen (Sievert's-like hydrogenation setup) was found to be 7.9 wt% at 110 °C, and the binding energy of stored hydrogen lies in the recommended range (0.33–0.6 eV) of US-Department of Energy (US-DOE) 2025 targets. The prepared B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI nanocomposite was utilized as a working electrode in the electrochemical hydrogen storage where 2498 mAh/g discharge capacity (corresponds to 7.5 wt% hydrogen storage capacity) was attained at 24th cycle of the discharging process. In addition, coulombic efficiency of 95.3%, capacitance retention of 79.8%, and superior corrosion resistance of 25.5 mA/cm2 were noticed for B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI. The improved electrochemical activity of B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI was attributed to the synergistic effect of A-HNT and PANI species in B-MgH2 towards charge transfer during the charging and discharging processes. Moreover, the hydrogen storage capacity of B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI estimated using Sievert's-like hydrogen storage method is almost the same as in the electrochemical storage method. Hence, these characteristics authenticate that the prepared B-MgH2/A-HNT/PANI nanocomposite may serve as an excellent hydrogen storage medium for weakly chemisorbed hydrogens and as a working electrode to store hydrogens electrochemically for renewable energy storage applications.
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