Nội dung được dịch bởi AI, chỉ mang tính chất tham khảo
Cỏ ngoại có khả năng làm chậm sự xâm lấn của cây đậu N vào rừng Hawaii
Tóm tắt
Bài báo này nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của một loài không bản địa phong phú, Schizachyrium condensatum, đến việc thiết lập của một kẻ xâm lấn đến sau nhưng rất mạnh mẽ, Myrica faya, trong một khu rừng khô theo mùa trên đảo Hawaii. Bằng cách sử dụng thí nghiệm loại bỏ lặp lại, chúng tôi xác định rằng S. condensatum, một loài cỏ C4 lâu năm, làm giảm sự gia tăng của M. faya, một loài cây cố định đạm. Sự gia tăng của Myrica cao hơn 90% trong các ô loại bỏ S. condensatum so với các ô đối chứng. Chúng tôi tin rằng do S. condensatum giảm mạnh ánh sáng ở bề mặt đất, nó làm giảm quá trình nảy mầm và sự phát triển sớm của cây con M. faya.
Từ khóa
#Schizachyrium condensatum #Myrica faya #xâm lấn sinh thái #rừng Hawaii #loài ngoại laiTài liệu tham khảo
Aplet GH,Anderson SJ andStone CP (1991) Association between feral pig disturbance and the composition of some alien plant assemblages in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Vegetatio 95: 55-62
Campbell BD,Grime JP,Mackey JML andJalili A (1991) The quest for a mechanistic understanding of resource competition in plant communities: the role of experiments. Funct. Ecol. 5: 241-253
Connell JH andSlatyer RO (1977) Mechanisms of succession in natural communities and their role in community stability and organization. American Naturalist 111: 1119-1144
D'Antonio CM,Hughes RF,Mack MC,Hitchcock D andVitousek PM (1998) Response of native species to the removal of non-native grasses in a seasonally dry Hawaiian woodland. Journal of Vegetation Science 9: 699-712
Gleason HM (1926) The individualistic concept of the plant association. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 53: 7-26
Hughes RF,Vitousek PM andTunison JT (1991) Alien grass invasion and fire in the seasonal submontane zone of Hawaii. Ecology 72: 743-746
Hughes RF andVitousek PM (1993) Barriers to shrub re-establishment following fire in the seasonal submontane zone of Hawai'i. Oecologia 93: 557-563
LaRosa AM,Smith CW andGardner DE (1987) Role of alien and native birds in the dissemination of firetree (Myrica faya Ait., Myricaceae) and associated plants in Hawai'i. Pacific Science 39: 372-378
Lonsdale WM andBraithwaite RN (1988) The shrub that conquered the bush. New Scientist 15: 52-55
Mack M (1998) Effects of exotic grass invasion on ecosystem nitrogen dynamics in a Hawaiian woodland. PhD dissertation University of California, Berkeley, 209 pp.
Mack MC andD'AntonioCM (1998) Impacts of biological invasions on disturbance regimes. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 13: 195-198 Mack MC, D'Antonio CM and Ley R (in press) Pathways through which exotic grasses alter nitrogen cycling in a Hawaiian woodland. Ecological Applications
O'Connor TG (1995) Acacia karroo invasion of grassland: environmental and biotic effects influencing seedling emergence and establishment. Oecologia 103: 214-223
Richardson DM,Allsopp N,D'Antonio CM,Milton SJ andRejmanek M (2000) Plant invasions-the role of mutualisms. Biological Reviews 75: 64-93
Simberloff D andVon Holle V (1999) Synergistic interactions of nonindigenous species: invasional meltdown. Biological Invasions 1: 21-32
Tunison JT,Carlberg S andLoh RK (1998a) The effect of faya tree on understory vegetation at an early stage of invasion. Cooperative National Park Resources Study Unit Technical Report 120, Cooperative Agreement CA8000-2-9004. University of Hawai'i, Manoa
Tunison JT,Castro LF andLoh RK (1998b) Faya tree dieback: Distribution, demography, and associated ecological factors. Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, Technical Report #122, Cooperative agreement CA 8000-2-9004. University of Hawai'i, Manoa
Turner DR andVitousek PM (1989) Nodule biomass of the nitrogen-fixing alien Myrica faya Ait., in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. Pacific Science 41: 186-190
Underwood A (1986) The analysis of competition by field experiments. In: Kikkawa J andAnderson DF (eds) Community Ecology: Pattern and Process, pp 260-268. Blackwell, Oxford
Van Auken OW andBush JK (1997) Growth of Prosopis glandulosa in response to changes in aboveground and belowground interference. Ecology 78: 1222-1229
Vitousek PM andWalker LR (1989) Biological invasion by Myrica faya in Hawai'i: Plant demography, nitrogen fixation and ecosystem effects. Ecological Monographs 59: 247-265
Walker LR (1990) Germination of an invading tree species (Myrica faya) in Hawaii (USA). Biotropica 22: 140-145
Walker LR andVitousek PM (1991) An invader alters germination and growth of a native dominant tree in Hawai'i. Ecology 72: 1449-1455
Woodward SA,Vitousek PM,Matson K,Hughes RF,Benvenuto K andMatson PA (1990) Use of the exotic tree, Myrica faya, by native and exotic birds in HawaiiVolcanoes National Park. Pacific Science 44: 88-93
Zitzer SF,Archer SR andBoutton TW (1996) Spatial variability in the potential for symbiotic N2 fixation by woody plants in a subtropical savanna ecosystem. J. App. Ecol. 33: 1125-1136
