Exceeding Essential Amino Acid Requirements and Improving Their Balance as a Means to Minimize Heat Stress in Broilers

Geraert, 1996, Metabolic and endocrine changes induced by chronic heat exposure in broiler chickens: Biological and endocrinological variables, Br. J. Nutr., 75, 205 Baziz, 1996, Chronic heat exposure enhances fat deposition and modifies muscle and fat partition in broiler carcasses, Poult. Sci., 75, 505, 10.3382/ps.0750505 Temim, 2000, Chronic heat exposure alters protein turnover of three different skeletal muscles in finishing broiler chickens fed 20 or 25% protein diets, J. Nutr., 130, 813, 10.1093/jn/130.4.813 Alleman, 2000, The effects of dietary protein independent of essential amino acids on growth and body composition in genetically lean and fat chickens, Br. Poult. Sci., 41, 214, 10.1080/713654902 Temim, 2000, Does excess dietary protein improve growth performance and carcass characteristics in heat-exposed chickens?, Poult. Sci., 79, 312, 10.1093/ps/79.3.312 Macleod, 1997, Effects of amino acid balance and energy: protein ratio on energy and nitrogen metabolism in male broiler chickens, Br. Poult. Sci., 38, 405, 10.1080/00071669708418010 Agri Stats, Inc., Fort Wayne, IN. 1999 Kill line required 9 min, followed by manual transfer to the evisceration line, which required 7 min to chilling. Processing conditions were stunning at 50 V DC, 25 mAmp and 100 hz, scalding at 57°C (Centrell Machine Co., Gainesville, GA), plucking (Model JM-32 C-M, Meyn USA, Inc., Gainesville, GA), and automated evisceration (Mark IV Pritchard Systemate, Atlanta, GA). SAS Institute, 1988 National Research Council, 1994