Examining the spirituality of spiritual tourists: A Sahara desert experience

Annals of Tourism Research - Tập 70 - Trang 108-119 - 2018
Omar Moufakkir1, Noureddine Selmi2
1Gulf University for Science and Technology, Business Administration Department, West Mishref, Kuwait
2University of Carthage, Institute of Higher Business Studies of Cartage, Tunisia

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Allcock, 1988, Tourism as a sacred journey, Loisir et Société, 11, 33, 10.1080/07053436.1988.10715288

Ammerman, 2013, Spiritual but not religious? Beyond binary choices in the study of religion, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 52, 258, 10.1111/jssr.12024

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (2003 [1943]). The little prince. The bomoo.com, Ebook of English Series, The American edition's Cover. Retrieved on November 15, 2017, from http://www.yoanaj.co.il/uploadimages/The_Little_Prince.pdf.

Ashley, 2007, Towards an understanding and definition of wilderness spirituality, Australian Geographer, 38, 53, 10.1080/00049180601175865

Ashmos, 2000, Spirituality at work. A conceptualization and measure, Journal of Management Inquiry, 9, 134, 10.1177/105649260092008

Bahm, 1974

Barry, 1993

Benner, 1989, Toward a psychology of spirituality. Implications for personality and psychotherapy, Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 8, 19

Bratton, M. (2008). Voting Buying and Violence in Nigerian Election Campaigns. Afrobarometer Working Paper No 99.

Brown, 2013, Tourism: A catalyst for existential authenticity, Annals of Tourism Research, 40, 176, 10.1016/j.annals.2012.08.004

Brown, 1997

Burack, 1999, Spirituality in the workforce, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12, 280, 10.1108/09534819910282126

Butts, 1999, Spirituality at work: An overview, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12, 328, 10.1108/09534819910282162

Charmaz, 2006

Chesworth, N. (2006). The role of demographics, psychology and economics in understanding the spiritual dimension of tourism. In: Proceedings of the Second Conference on Spirituality and Tourism (5–7 April), Lincoln, England.

Cohen, 1979, A phenomenology of tourist experiences, Sociology, 13, 179, 10.1177/003803857901300203

Collins-Kreiner, 2010, Researching pilgrimage, continuity and transformations, Annals of Tourism Research, 37, 440, 10.1016/j.annals.2009.10.016

Cova, 1999, From marketing to societing: When the link is more important than the thing, 64

Crompton, 1979, Motivations for pleasure vacation, Annals of Tourism Research, 6, 408, 10.1016/0160-7383(79)90004-5

Crosby, 2002, Exploding some myths about customer relationship management, Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 12, 271, 10.1108/09604520210442056

De Botton, 2003

Elias, 1991, The return of spirituality: Contrasting interpretations, Religious Education, 86, 455, 10.1080/0034408910860311

Emmons, 2000, Is spirituality an intelligence? Motivation, cognition, and the psychology of ultimate concern, The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 10, 3, 10.1207/S15327582IJPR1001_2

Ferguson, 2015, The natural environment as a spiritual resource: A theory of regional variation in religious adherence, Sociology of Religion, 76, 295, 10.1093/socrel/srv029

French, 2006, Self within the Matrix: Buddhist narrative and a group-analytic paradigm, Group Analysis, 39, 243, 10.1177/0533316406064079

Gauthy-Sinéchal, M., and Vandercammen, M. (2002), Etudes des marches, méthodesetoutils. pp. 76–126.

Giordan, 2009, The body between religion and spirituality, Social Compas, 56, 226, 10.1177/0037768609103356

Glaser, 1998

Goulding, 2000, The commodification of the past, postmodern pastiche, and the search for authentic experiences at contemporary heritage attractions, European Journal of Marketing, 34, 835, 10.1108/03090560010331298

Graburn, 1983, The anthropology of tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 10, 9, 10.1016/0160-7383(83)90113-5

Graburn, 1989, Tourism: The sacred journey

Hannah, 1994, APreliminary inventory of human disturbance of world ecosystems, Biological Conservation, 23, 246

Haq, 2006, Exploring consumer segments and typologies of relevance to spiritual tourism

Harvey, 2001, Coupling between hillslopes and channels in upland fluvial systems: implications for landscape sensitivity, illustrated from the Howgill Fells, Northwest England, Catena, 42, 225, 10.1016/S0341-8162(00)00139-9

Harvey, 2003, Cell church: Its situation in British evangelical culture, Journal of Contemporary Religion, 18, 95, 10.1080/13537900305489

Heelas, 2005

Hill, 2000, Conceptualising religion and spiriutality: Points of commonality, points of departure, Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 30, 51, 10.1111/1468-5914.00119

Iso-Ahola, 1980

Iso-Ahola, 1982, Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder, Annals of Tourism Research, 9, 256, 10.1016/0160-7383(82)90049-4

Jackowski, 1987, Geography of pilgrimages in Poland, The National Geographical Journal of India, 33, 422

Jafari, 2016

Jarratt, 2017, Tourists at the seaside: Exploring the spiritual dimension, Tourist Studies, 10.1177/1468797616687560

Kale, 2004, Spirituality, religion, and globalization, Journal of Macromarketing, 24, 92, 10.1177/0276146704269296

Kinjerski, 2004, Defining spirit at work: Finding common ground, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 26, 10.1108/09534810410511288

Koenig, 2012, Religion, spirituality, and health: The research and clinical implications, International Scholarly Research Network ISRN Psychiatry, 1, 1

Kolar, 2010, A consumer-based model of authenticity: An oxymoron or the foundation of cultural heritage marketing?, Tourism Management, 31, 652, 10.1016/j.tourman.2009.07.010

Lancaster, 1997, The mythology of anatta: Bridging the east-west divide, 170

MacCannell, 1976

Mager, R. (2003), Le souffle du portageur. L’intérêt pour la spiritualité dans le monde contemporain, Procedings of colloquium: Le développement spirituel en éducation, 11th–12th November, p. 19. Canada: Quebec City.

Mansfeld, 2007, Wellness through spiritual tourism encounters

Marques, 2006, The spiritual worker: An examination of the ripple effect that enhances quality of life in – and outside the work environment, Journal of Management Development, 25, 884, 10.1108/02621710610692089

Marra, 2000, What do you mean, ‘spirituality’?, Journal of Pastoral Counselling, 35, 67

Maslow, 1968

McKercher, 2002, Towards a classification of cultural tourists, International Journal of Tourism Research, 4, 29, 10.1002/jtr.346

Meraviglia, 1999, Critical analysis of spirituality and its empirical indicators. Prayer and meaning in life, Journal of Holistic Nursing, 17, 18, 10.1177/089801019901700103

Mercadante, 2014

Miller, 2011

Miner-Williams, 2006, Putting a puzzle together: Making spirituality meaningful for nursing using an evolving theoretical framework, Journal of Clinical Nursing Science Quarterly, 15, 811, 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01351.x

Mitroff, 1999, A study of spirituality in the workplace, Sloan Management Review, 40, 83

Narayanan, 2009, Deep in the desert: Merging the desert and the spiritual through 4WD tourism, Tourism Geographies, 11, 369, 10.1080/14616680903032783

Nash, 1996

Nayaranan, 2009, Deep in the desert: Merging the desert and the spiritual through 4WD tourism, An International Journal of Tourism Space, Place and Environment, 11, 369

Norman, 2011

Norman, 2012, Cosmic flavour, spiritual nutrition? The biodynamic agricultural method and the legacy of rudolf steiner's anthropology in wine

Olsen, D., and Timothy, D. (2006). Tourism and religious journeys. In D. Timothy & D. Olsen (eds.), Tourism, religion and spiritual journeys (pp. 1–22). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.

Ouellette, P., Heintzman, P., and Carette, R. (2005). The motivations and effects of a retreat in a Benedictine monastery, May. In: Proceedings of the Canadian Congress on Leisure Research, Nanaimo, BC, Canada.

Pearce, 2005

Prayag, 2015, Drug or spirituality seekers? Consuming ayahuasca, Annals of Tourism Research, 52, 175, 10.1016/j.annals.2015.03.008

Preston, 1992, Spiritual magnetism: An organizing principle for the study of pilgrimage, 167

Reich, 2000, What characterizes spirituality? A comment on Pargament, s and Crumpler, and Stifoss-Hansen, International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 10, 125, 10.1207/S15327582IJPR1002_05

Sarawut, 2013, Measuring spiritual tourism management in community: A case ctudy of Sri ChomPhuOngtu Temple, Thabo district, Nongkhai province, Thailand, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 88, 96, 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.485

Shackley, 2001

Sharpley, 2011, Rural Tourism: A spiritual experience?, Annals of Tourism Research, 38, 52, 10.1016/j.annals.2010.05.002

Sharpley, 2005, Tourism: A sacred journey? The case of ashram tourism in India, International Journal of Tourism Research, 7, 161, 10.1002/jtr.522

Smith, 2006, Wellness tourism, Tourism Recreation Research, 31, 1, 10.1080/02508281.2006.11081241

Snepenger, 2006, ModelingIso-Ahola’s motivation theory in the tourism context, Journal of Travel Research, 45, 140, 10.1177/0047287506291592

Stefko, 2015, Strategic marketing communication in pilgrimage tourism, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, 423, 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.1219

Steiner, 2006, Understanding existential authenticity, Annals of Tourism Research, 33, 299, 10.1016/j.annals.2005.08.002

Tacey, 2004

Tart, 1983

Tilson, 2005, Religious-Spiritual tourism and promotional campaigning: A church-state partnership for St. James and Spain, Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 12, 9, 10.1300/J150v12n01_03

Timothy, D. J., and Conover, P. J. (2006). Nature religion, self-spirituality and new age tourism. In D. J. Timothy & D. H. Olsen (eds.), Tourism, religion and spiritual journeys (pp. 139–155). Abingdon, England: Routledge.

2006

Vukonic, 1996

Wang, 1999, Rethinking authenticity in tourism experience, Annals of Tourism Research, 26, 349, 10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00103-0

White, D., and Hendee, J. (2000). Primal hypotheses: The relationship between naturalness, solitude, and the wilderness experience benefits of self, development of community, and spiritual development. USDA Forest Service Proceedings, RMRS-P-15, 3, 223–227.

Williams, 2001, Transcendent experience in forest environments, Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21, 249, 10.1006/jevp.2001.0204

Willson, 2013, Tourism and spirituality: Phenomenological analysis, Annals of Tourism Research, 42, 150, 10.1016/j.annals.2013.01.016

World Wildlife Fund (2007). Saharan halophytics. Terrestrial Ecoregions. Retrieved on February 25, 2016, from http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/pa0905.

Wright, 2000, Life, the universe and you, Nursing Standard, 14, 23, 10.7748/ns.14.52.23.s35

Wuthnow, 1998

Yiannakis, 1992, Roles tourists play, Annals of Tourism Research, 19, 287, 10.1016/0160-7383(92)90082-Z

Zinnbauer, 1999, The emerging meanings of religiousness and spirituality: Problems and prospects, Journal of Personality, 67, 889, 10.1111/1467-6494.00077