Estimating the water holding capacity of the critical zone using near‐surface geophysics

Hydrological Processes - Tập 32 Số 22 - Trang 3308-3326 - 2018
Brady Flinchum1,2, W. Steven Holbrook1,3, Darío Graña1, A. Parsekian1, Bradley J. Carr1, J. L. Hayes4, Jianying Jiao1
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming
2Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
3Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
4Department of Earth Sciences, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania

Tóm tắt

AbstractIn high‐mountain watersheds, the critical zone holds crucial life‐sustaining water stores in the form of shallow groundwater aquifers. To better understand the role that the critical zone plays in moderating hydrologic response to fluxes at the surface and in the subsurface, the hydrologic properties must be characterized over large scales (i.e., that of the watershed). In this study, we estimate porosity from geophysical measurements across a 58‐ha area to depths of ~80 m. Our observations include velocities from seismic refraction, downhole nuclear magnetic resonance logs, downhole sonic logs, and samples acquired by push coring. We use a petrophysical approach by combining two rock physics models, a porous medium for the saprolite and a differential effective medium for the fractured rock, into a Bayesian inversion. The inverted geophysical porosities show a positive correlation with measured values (R2 = 0.93). We extrapolate the porosity estimates from 30 individual seismic refraction lines to a 3D volume below our study area using ordinary kriging to quantify the water holding capacity of our study area. Our results reveal that the critical zone in our study area holds ~2.9 × 106 ± 9.6 × 105 m3 of water, where 34% of this storage is in the saprolite, 55% is in the fractured rock, and the remaining 11% is in the bedrock.

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Hydrological Processes

Tập 32 Số 22

3308-3326

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