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Các khái niệm đã thiết lập và mới nổi trong viêm ruột kết liên quan đến bệnh Hirschsprung
Tóm tắt
Bệnh Hirschsprung (HSCR) là một nguyên nhân phổ biến gây tắc nghẽn ruột ở trẻ sơ sinh và phương pháp chẩn đoán cũng như điều trị phẫu thuật đã được định nghĩa và công nhận rõ ràng. Viêm ruột kết liên quan đến bệnh Hirschsprung (HAEC) vẫn là nguyên nhân thường gặp gây tàn tật và tử vong trước và sau phẫu thuật, với các hướng dẫn điều trị không thay đổi qua nhiều thập kỷ. Những tiến bộ gần đây trong việc hiểu biết về di truyền liên quan đến bệnh HSCR đã cho phép phát triển các mô hình động vật, một số trong đó tái hiện được kiểu hình HAEC. Các mô hình động vật này, cùng với các nghiên cứu dịch chuyển gần đây, đã chỉ ra nhiều khía cạnh của miễn dịch niêm mạc và sự rối loạn vi sinh vật học trong sự phát triển của HAEC. Ở đây, chúng tôi sẽ xem xét dịch tễ học đã được thiết lập, các phương thức chẩn đoán và điều trị HAEC. Hơn nữa, chúng tôi sẽ khám phá các khái niệm mới nổi trong cơ chế bệnh sinh của bệnh này, bao gồm các mô hình động vật, sự thay đổi trong miễn dịch niêm mạc, sự rối loạn vi sinh vật đường ruột, tính nhạy cảm di truyền đặc hiệu và các phương pháp điều trị mới.
Từ khóa
#Hirschsprung's disease #enterocolitis #mucosal immunity #microbiome dysbiosis #genetic susceptibilityTài liệu tham khảo
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