Escalas de evaluación del riesgo tromboembólico y hemorrágico en la fibrilación auricular

Gómez-Doblas, 2014, Prevalence of atrial fibrillation in Spain OFRECE study results, Rev Esp Cardiol, 67, 259, 10.1016/j.recesp.2013.07.015 Wolf, 1991, Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study, Stroke, 22, 983, 10.1161/01.STR.22.8.983 Hart, 2007, Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, Ann intern Med, 146, 857, 10.7326/0003-4819-146-12-200706190-00007 Brandes, 2013, Guideline adherence of antithrombotic treatment initiated by general practitioners in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a Danish survey, Clin Cardiol, 36, 427, 10.1002/clc.22133 Lee, 2013, Barriers to warfarin use for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation in Hong Kong, Clin Cardiol, 36, 166, 10.1002/clc.22077 1994, Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation, Arch Intern Med, 154, 1449, 10.1001/archinte.1994.00420130036007 Gage, 2001, Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation, JAMA, 285, 2864, 10.1001/jama.285.22.2864 Fuster, 2011, J Am Coll Cardiol, 57, e101, 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.013 Nieuwlaat, 2006, Antithrombotic treatment in real-life atrial fibrillation patients: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation, Eur Heart J, 27, 3018, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl015 Lip, 2010, Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor-based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation, Chest, 137, 263, 10.1378/chest.09-1584 Olesen, 2012, The value of the CHA2DS2-VASc score for refining stroke risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation with a CHADS2 score 0-1: a nationwide cohort study, Thromb Haemost, 107, 1172, 10.1160/TH12-03-0175 Mason, 2012, Impact of the CHA2DS2-VASc score on anticoagulation recommendations for atrial fibrillation, Am J Med, 125, e1 Olesen, 2011, Validation of risk stratification schemes for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort study, BMJ, 342, d124, 10.1136/bmj.d124 Chao, 2011, CHADS(2) and CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc scores in the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation, J Am Coll Cardiol, 58, 2380, 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.045 Coppens, 2013, The CHA2DS2-VASc score identifies those patients with atrial fibrillation and a CHADS2 score of 1 who are unlikely to benefit from oral anticoagulant therapy, Eur Heart J, 34, 170, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs314 Camm, 2012, 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation— developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association, Europace, 14, 1385, 10.1093/europace/eus305 January, 2014, 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society, J Am Coll Cardiol, 64, 2246, 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.021 Senoo, 2014, Updated NICE guideline: management of atrial fibrillation (2014), Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, 12, 1037, 10.1586/14779072.2014.943189 Chao, 2012, Atrial fibrillation and the risk of ischemic stroke: does it still matter in patients with a CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0 or 1?, Stroke, 43, 2551, 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.667865 Potpara, 2012, Reliable identification of “truly low” thromboembolic risk in patients initially diagnosed with “lone” atrial fibrillation: the Belgrade atrial fibrillation study, Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol, 5, 319, 10.1161/CIRCEP.111.966713 Dzeshka, 2014, Stroke and bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation: navigating the alphabet soup of risk-score acronyms (CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, R2CHADS2, HAS-BLED ATRIA, and more), Clin Cardiol, 37, 634, 10.1002/clc.22294 Hippisley-Cox, 2013, Derivation and validation of QStroke score for predicting risk of ischaemic stroke in primary care and comparison with other risk scores: a prospective open cohort study, BMJ, 346, f2573, 10.1136/bmj.f2573 Fang, 2008, Comparison of risk stratification schemes to predict thromboembolism in people with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, J Am Coll Cardiol, 51, 810, 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.065 Singer, 2013, A new risk scheme to predict ischemic stroke and other thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation: the ATRIA study stroke risk score, J Am Heart Assoc, 2, e000250, 10.1161/JAHA.113.000250 Van den Ham, 2015, Comparative performance of ATRIA CHADS2, and CHA2DS2-VASc risk scores predicting stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: results from a national primary care database, J Am Coll Cardiol, 66, 1851, 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.033 Lip, 2014, Chest, 146, 1337, 10.1378/chest.14-0533 Chao, 2014, Using the CHA2DS2-VASc score for refining stroke risk stratification in “low-risk” Asian patients with atrial fibrillation, J Am Coll Cardiol, 64, 1658, 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.06.1203 Abumuaileq, 2015, Comparison between CHA2DS2-VASc and the new R2CHADS2 and ATRIA scores at predicting thromboembolic event in non-anticoagulated and anticoagulated patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation, BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 15, 156, 10.1186/s12872-015-0149-3 Blann, 2015, Renal, endothelial function, warfarin management, and the CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores inpredicting MACE in AF, Thromb Haemost, 113, 1155, 10.1160/TH14-11-0932 Marinigh, 2011, Severe renal impairment and stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: implications for thromboprophylaxis and bleeding risk, J Am Coll Cardiol, 57, 1339, 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.12.013 Piccini, 2013, Circulation, 127, 224, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.107128 Roldán, 2013, Does chronic kidney disease improve the predictive value of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc stroke stratification risk scores for atrial fibrillation?, Thromb Haemost, 109, 956, 10.1160/TH13-01-0054 Apostolakis, 2013, Renal function and outcomes in anticoagulated patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the AMADEUS trial, Eur Heart J, 34, 3572, 10.1093/eurheartj/eht328 Flaherty, 2007, The increasing incidence of anticoagulant-associated intracerebral hemorrhage, Neurology, 68, 116, 10.1212/01.wnl.0000250340.05202.8b Gage, 2006, Clinical classification schemes for predicting hemorrhage: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (NRAF), Am Heart J, 151, 713, 10.1016/j.ahj.2005.04.017 Pisters, 2010, A novel user-friendly score (HAS-BLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey, Chest, 138, 1093, 10.1378/chest.10-0134 Apostolakis, 2012, J Am Coll Cardiol, 60, 861, 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.06.019 Lip, 2013, Comparative assessment of the HAS-BLED score with other published bleeding risk scoring schemes, for intracranial haemorrhage risk in a non-atrial fibrillation population: the Chin-Shan Community Cohort Study, Int J Cardiol, 168, 1832, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.12.076 Overvad, 2013, Balancing bleeding and thrombotic risk with new oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation, Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther, 11, 1619, 10.1586/14779072.2013.839214 Omran, 2012, The HAS-BLED score predicts bleedings during bridging of chronic oral anticoagulation Results from the national multicentre BNK Online bRiDging REgistRy (BORDER), Thromb Haemost, 108, 65, 10.1160/TH11-12-0827 Lip, 2010, Management of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and/or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention/stenting, Thromb Haemost, 103, 13, 10.1160/TH09-08-0580 Huber, 2011, Antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting: similarities and dissimilarities between North America and Europe, Thromb Haemost, 106, 569, 10.1160/TH11-08-0602 Faxon, 2011, Consensus document: antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary stenting. A North-American perspective, Thromb Haemost, 106, 572 Fang, 2011, A new. risk scheme to predict warfarin-associated hemorrhage: The ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) Study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 58, 395, 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.031 Abumuaileq, 2014, Comparative evaluation of HAS-BLED and ATRIA scores by investigating the full potential of their bleeding prediction schemes in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients on vitamin-K antagonists, Int J Cardiol, 176, 1259, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.07.193 Roldán, 2013, Predictive value of the HAS-BLED and ATRIA bleeding scores for the risk of serious bleeding in a “real-world” population with atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulant therapy, Chest, 143, 179, 10.1378/chest.12-0608 O’Brien, 2015, The ORBIT bleeding score: a simple bedside score to assess bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation, Eur Heart J, 36, 3258 Senoo, 2015, Evaluation of the HAS-BLED ATRIA and ORBIT bleeding risk scores in atrial fibrillation patients on warfarin, Am J Med Roldán, 2013, The HAS-BLED score has better prediction accuracy for major bleeding than CHADS2 or CHA2DS2-VASc scores in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation, J Am Coll Cardiol, 62, 2199, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.08.1623 Mant, 2007, Warfarin versus aspirin for stroke prevention in an elderly community population with atrial fibrillation (the Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Treatment of the Aged Study BAFTA): a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 370, 493, 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61233-1 Olesen, 2011, Risks of thromboembolism and bleeding with thromboprophylaxis in patients with atrial fibrillation: A net clinical benefit analysis using a “real world” nationwide cohort study, Thromb Haemost, 106, 739, 10.1160/TH11-05-0364 Friberg, 2012, Net clinical benefit of warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the Swedish atrial fibrillation cohort study, Circulation, 125, 2298, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.055079 Lip, 2015, Non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients with none or one additional risk factor of the CHA2DS2-VASc score. A comprehensive net clinical benefit analysis for warfarin, aspirin, or no therapy, Thromb Haemost, 114, 826, 10.1160/TH15-07-0565 Bonde, 2014, Net clinical benefit of antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease: a nationwide observational cohort study, J Am Coll Cardiol, 64, 2471, 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.09.051 Lip, 2013, Development of a novel composite stroke and bleeding risk score in patients with atrial fibrillation: the AMADEUS Study, Chest, 144, 1839, 10.1378/chest.13-1635 Lip, 2013, Stroke and bleeding risk assessment in atrial fibrillation: when, how, and why?, Eur Heart J, 34, 1041, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs435 Vílchez, 2014, Biomarkers in atrial fibrillation: an overview, Int J Clin Pract, 68, 434, 10.1111/ijcp.12304 Hijazi, 2012, Cardiac biomarkers are associated with an increased risk of stroke and death in patients with atrial fibrillation: a Randomized Evaluation of Long-term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) substudy, Circulation, 125, 1605, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.038729 Hijazi, 2014, High-sensitivity troponin T and risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation during treatment with apixaban or warfarin (ARISTOTLE), J Am Coll Cardiol, 63, 52, 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.093 Boos, 2006, Is atrial fibrillation an inflammatory disorder?, Eur Heart J, 27, 136, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi645 Hermida, 2012, Usefulness of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to predict mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] Study), Am J Cardiol, 109, 95, 10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.08.010 Roldán, 2012, High sensitivity cardiac troponin T and interleukin-6 predict adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation, J Thromb Haemost, 10, 1500, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2012.04812.x Vílchez, 2015, sST2 levels are associated with all-cause mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation, Eur J Clin Invest, 45, 899, 10.1111/eci.12482 Marín, 2015, Biomarkers: GDF-15 and risk stratification in atrial fibrillation, Nat Rev Cardiol, 12, 8, 10.1038/nrcardio.2014.190 Sadanaga, 2010, Evidence that D-dimer levels predict subsequent thromboembolic and cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation during oral anticoagulant therapy, J Am Coll Cardiol, 55, 2225, 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.12.049 Conway, 2003, Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, Circulation, 107, 3141, 10.1161/01.CIR.0000077912.12202.FC Lip, 2006, Additive role of plasma von Willebrand factor levels to clinical factors for risk stratification of patients with atrial fibrillation, Stroke, 37, 2294, 10.1161/01.STR.0000236840.00467.84 Roldán, 2011, Plasma von Willebrand factor levels are an independent risk factor for adverse events including mortality and major bleeding in anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients, J Am Coll Cardiol, 57, 2496, 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.12.033 Montoro-García, 2012, Growth differentiation factor-15, a novel biomarker related with disease severity in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Eur J Intern Med, 23, 169, 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.08.022 Wallentin, 2014, Circulation, 130, 1847, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011204 Hijazi, 2016, The ABC (age, biomarkers, clinical history) stroke risk score: a biomarker-based risk score for predicting stroke in atrial fibrillation, Eur Heart J, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw054 Investigators, 2014, Darapladib for preventing ischemic events in stable coronary heart disease, N Engl J Med, 370, 1702, 10.1056/NEJMoa1315878 Hijazi, 2014, A new biomarker based risk score for prediction major bleeding in atrial fibrillation—the ABC (age, biomarkers, current disease) risk score, Eur Heart J, 35, 357