Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bingbing Li1, Shan Zhang1, Ruili Zhang1, Xi Chen1, Yong Wang1, Changlian Zhu2,3,1
1Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
2Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
3Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Zhu, 2020, A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, N Engl J Med., 382, 727, 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-137

Wu, 2020, Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese center for disease control and prevention, JAMA., 323, 1239, 10.1001/jama.2020.2648

CDC, 2020, Coronavirus disease 2019 in children—United States, February 12-April 2, 2020, MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 69, 422, 10.15585/mmwr.mm6914e4

Ma, 2020, The clinical characteristics of pediatric inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a meta-analysis and systematic review, J Med Virol., 10.1002/jmv.26208

Ding, 2020, Clinical characteristics of children with COVID-19: a meta-analysis, Front Pediatr., 8, 431, 10.3389/fped.2020.00431

Wang, 2020, Clinical characteristics of children with COVID-19: a rapid review and meta-analysis, Ann Transl Med., 8, 620, 10.21037/atm-20-3302

Gandhi, 2020, Asymptomatic transmission, the Achilles' heel of current strategies to control Covid-19, N Engl J Med., 382, 2158, 10.1056/NEJMe2009758

Moher, 2009, Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement, PLoS Med., 6, e1000097, 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097

Downes, 2016, Development of a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS), BMJ Open., 6, e011458, 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011458

2014, Quality Appraisal of Case Series Studies Checklist

Wan, 2014, Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and/or interquartile range, BMC Med Res Methodol., 14, 135, 10.1186/1471-2288-14-135

L'Huillier, 2020, Culture-competent SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharynx of symptomatic neonates, children and adolescents, Emerg Infect Dis., 26, 2494, 10.3201/eid2610.202403

Heald-Sargent, 2020, Age-related differences in nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) levels in patients with mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), JAMA Pediatr., 174, 902, 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3651

Colson, 2020, Children account for a small proportion of diagnoses of SARS-CoV-2 infection and do not exhibit greater viral loads than adults, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis., 39, 1983, 10.1007/s10096-020-03900-0

Dong, 2020, Epidemiology of COVID-19 among children in China, Pediatrics., 145, e20200702, 10.1542/peds.2020-0702

Xiao, 2020, Infectious SARS-CoV-2 in feces of patient with severe COVID-19, Emerg Infect Dis., 26, 1920, 10.3201/eid2608.200681

Mi Seon, 2020, Viral RNA load in mildly symptomatic and asymptomatic children with COVID-19, seoul, Emerg Infect Dis., 26, 2497, 10.3201/eid2610.202449

Xu, 2020, A follow-up study of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 from Western China, Ann Transl Med., 8, 623, 10.21037/atm-20-3192

Guo, 2020, Epidemiological and clinical features of pediatric COVID-19, BMC Med., 18, 250, 10.1186/s12916-020-01719-2

Guan, 2020, Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, N Engl J Med., 382, 1708, 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032

Tang, 2020, Clinical characteristics of 20,662 patients with COVID-19 in mainland China: a systemic review and meta-analysis, medRxiv., 10.1101/2020.04.18.20070565

Wang, 2020, Survival analysis of hospital length of stay of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia patients in Sichuan, China, medRxiv [Preprint], 10.1101/2020.04.07.20057299

Zhu, 2020, COVID-19 epidemic: clinical characteristics of patients in pediatric isolation ward, Clin Pediatr., 59, 1069, 10.1177/0009922820941228

Bwire, 2020, Coronavirus: why men are more vulnerable to covid-19 than women?, SN Compr Clin Med., 4, 1, 10.1007/s42399-020-00341-w

Sahu, 2020, C-reactive protein: a promising biomarker for poor prognosis in COVID-19 infection, Clin Chim Acta., 509, 91, 10.1016/j.cca.2020.06.013

Yu, 2020, Measures for diagnosing and treating infections by a novel coronavirus responsible for a pneumonia outbreak originating in Wuhan, China, Microbes Infect., 22, 74, 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.01.003

Kim, 2020, Rates of co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens, JAMA., 323, 2085, 10.1001/jama.2020.6266

Huang, 2020, Concomitant infection with COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumoniae, Biomed J., 10.1016/j.bj.2020.07.002

Gayam, 2020, Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes of patients coinfected with COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumoniae in the USA, JAMA., 323, 2052, 10.1002/jmv.26026

Zhou, 2020, Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study, Lancet., 395, 1054, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3

Omrani, 2014, Ribavirin and interferon alfa-2a for severe middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection: a retrospective cohort study, Lancet Infect Dis., 14, 1090, 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70920-X

Hao, 2020, Interferon-α2b spray inhalation did not shorten virus shedding time of SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized patients: a preliminary matched case-control study, J Zhejiang Univ Sci B., 21, 628, 10.1631/jzus.B2000211

Udwadia, 2020, Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: what is our current state of knowledge?, J Assoc Physicians India., 68, 48

Cura, 2020, Characteristics and management of children with COVID-19 in Turkey, Balkan Med J., 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.7.52

Shekerdemian, 2020, Characteristics and outcomes of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection admitted to US and Canadian pediatric intensive care units, JAMA Pediatr., 174, 1, 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1948

Cavalcanti, 2020, Hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin in mild-to-moderate Covid-19, N Engl J Med., 10.1056/NEJMoa2019014

Wang, 2020, Remdesivir in adults with severe COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial, Lancet., 395, 1569, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31022-9

Solinas, 2020, A critical evaluation of glucocorticoids in the management of severe COVID-19, Cytokine Growth Factor Rev., 54, 8, 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.06.012

Quartuccio, 2020, Profiling COVID-19 pneumonia progressing into the cytokine storm syndrome: results from a single Italian centre study on tocilizumab versus standard of care, J Clin Virol., 129, 104444, 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104444

Devasenapathy, 2020, Efficacy and safety of convalescent plasma for severe COVID-19 based on evidence in other severe respiratory viral infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis, CMAJ., 192, E745, 10.1503/cmaj.200642

Horby, 2020, Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19-preliminary report, N Engl J Med, 10.1101/2020.06.22.20137273

Fang, 2020, Low-dose corticosteroid therapy does not delay viral clearance in patients with COVID-19, J Infect., 81, 147, 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.039

Bunyavanich, 2020, Nasal gene expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in children and adults, JAMA., 323, 2427, 10.1001/jama.2020.8707

Jiang, 2011, CD8 T cell responses to influenza virus infection in aged mice, Ageing Res Rev., 10, 422, 10.1016/j.arr.2011.02.001

Henry, 2020, COVID-19, ECMO, and lymphopenia: a word of caution, Lancet Respir Med., 8, e24, 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30119-3

Bandi, 2020, African American children are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection, Pediatr Allergy Immunol., 29, 10, 10.1111/pai.13298

Dufort, 2020, Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children in New York state, N Engl J Med., 383, 347, 10.1056/NEJMoa2021756

Verdoni, 2020, An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study, Lancet., 395, 1771, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31103-X

Whittaker, 2020, Clinical characteristics of 58 children with a pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2, JAMA., 324, 259, 10.1001/jama.2020.10369