Enteropathogenic Bacteria in Dogs and Cats: Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Treatment, and Control

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine - Tập 25 Số 6 - Trang 1195-1208 - 2011
Stanley L. Marks1, Shelley C. Rankin2, Barbara A. Byrne3, J. Scott Weese4
1Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA,
2Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
3The Department of Pathology Microbiology, and Immunology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California, Davis Davis CA
4The Department of Pathobiology; Ontario Veterinary College; University of Guelph; Guelph; ON; Canada

Tóm tắt

This report offers a consensus opinion on the diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment, and control of the primary enteropathogenic bacteria in dogs and cats, with an emphasis onClostridium difficile,Clostridium perfringens,Campylobacterspp.,Salmonellaspp., andEscherichia coliassociated with granulomatous colitis in Boxers. Veterinarians are challenged when attempting to diagnose animals with suspected bacterial‐associated diarrhea because well‐scrutinized practice guidelines that provide objective recommendations for implementing fecal testing are lacking. This problem is compounded by similar isolation rates for putative bacterial enteropathogens in animals with and without diarrhea, and by the lack of consensus among veterinary diagnostic laboratories as to which diagnostic assays should be utilized. Most bacterial enteropathogens are associated with self‐limiting diarrhea, and injudicious administration of antimicrobials could be more harmful than beneficial.SalmonellaandCampylobacterare well‐documented zoonoses, but antimicrobial administration is not routinely advocated in uncomplicated cases and supportive therapy is recommended. Basic practices of isolation, use of appropriate protective equipment, and proper cleaning and disinfection are the mainstays of control. Handwashing with soap and water is preferred over use of alcohol‐based hand sanitizers because spores ofC. difficileandC. perfringensare alcohol‐resistant, but susceptible to bleach (1 : 10 to 1 : 20 dilution of regular household bleach) and accelerated hydrogen peroxide. The implementation of practice guidelines in combination with the integration of validated molecular‐based testing and conventional testing is pivotal if we are to optimize the identification and management of enteropathogenic bacteria in dogs and cats.

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Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

Tập 25 Số 6

1195-1208

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