Enteric pathogens in stool samples of Chicago-area water recreators with new-onset gastrointestinal symptoms

Ackman, 1997, Swimming-associated haemorrhagic colitis due to Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection: evidence of prolonged contamination of a fresh water lake, Epidemiology & Infection, 119, 1, 10.1017/S095026889700770X Aslan, 2011, Occurrence of adenovirus and other enteric viruses in limited-contact freshwater recreational areas and bathing waters, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 111, 1250, 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05130.x Atmar, 2008, Norwalk virus shedding after experimental human infection, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 14, 1553, 10.3201/eid1410.080117 Baron, 1982, Norwalk gastrointestinal illness: an outbreak associated with swimming in a recreational lake and secondary person-to-person transmission, American Journal of Epidemiology, 115, 163, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113287 Bruce, 2003, Lake-associated outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Clark County, Washington, August 1999, Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 157, 1016, 10.1001/archpedi.157.10.1016 Cantalupo, 2011, Raw sewage harbors diverse viral populations, MBio, 2, 10.1128/mBio.00180-11 de Wit, 2001, Sensor, a population-based cohort study on gastroenteritis in the Netherlands: incidence and etiology, American Journal of Epidemiology, 154, 666, 10.1093/aje/154.7.666 Denno, 2009, Tri-county comprehensive assessment of risk factors for sporadic reportable bacterial enteric infection in children, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 199, 467, 10.1086/596555 Dorevitch, 2010, Meeting report: knowledge and gaps in developing microbial criteria for inland recreational waters, Environmental Health Perspectives, 118, 871, 10.1289/ehp.0901627 Dorevitch, 2012, Health risks of limited-contact water recreation, Environmental Health Perspectives, 120, 192, 10.1289/ehp.1103934 Dorevitch, 2011, A comparison of rapid and conventional measures of indicator bacteria as predictors of waterborne protozoan pathogen presence and density, Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 13, 2427, 10.1039/c1em10379b Dorevitch, 2011, Water ingestion during water recreation, Water Research, 45, 2020, 10.1016/j.watres.2010.12.006 Dziuban, 2006, Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water–United States, 2003-2004, MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 55, 1 Fleisher, 2006, Risk perception bias, self-reporting of illness, and the validity of reported results in an epidemiologic study of recreational water associated illnesses, Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52, 264, 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.08.019 Griffin, 2011, Development of a multiplex microsphere immunoassay for the quantitation of salivary antibody responses to selected waterborne pathogens, Journal of Immunological Methods, 364, 83, 10.1016/j.jim.2010.11.005 Hellard, 2001, A randomized, blinded, controlled trial investigating the gastrointestinal health effects of drinking water quality, Environmental Health Perspectives, 109, 773, 10.1289/ehp.01109773 Hlavsa, 2011, Surveillance for waterborne disease outbreaks and other health events associated with recreational water –- United States, 2007–2008, MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 60, 1 Jones, 1991, Results of the first pilot scale controlled cohort epidemiological observation into the possible health effects of bathing in seawater and Landland Bay, Swansea, Journal of the Institution of Water & Environmental Management, 91, 10.1111/j.1747-6593.1991.tb00593.x Karsten, 2009, Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired acute gastroenteritis in north-west Germany in 2004, European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 28, 935, 10.1007/s10096-009-0729-1 Keene, 1994, A swimming-associated outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis caused by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Shigella sonnei, The New England Journal of Medicine, 331, 579, 10.1056/NEJM199409013310904 Marion, 2010, Association of gastrointestinal illness and recreational water exposure at an inland U.S. beach, Water Research, 44, 4796, 10.1016/j.watres.2010.07.065 Phillips, 2010, Asymptomatic rotavirus infections in England: prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors, American Journal of Epidemiology, 171, 1023, 10.1093/aje/kwq050 Priest, 2010, Multiplex assay detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies that recognize Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium parvum antigens, Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 17, 1695, 10.1128/CVI.00160-10 Roy, 2004, Risk factors for sporadic cryptosporidiosis among immunocompetent persons in the United States from 1999 to 2001, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 42, 2944, 10.1128/JCM.42.7.2944-2951.2004 Sartorius, 2007, Outbreak of norovirus in Vastra Gotaland associated with recreational activities at two lakes during August 2004, Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 39, 323, 10.1080/00365540601053006 Scallan, 2006, Factors associated with seeking medical care and submitting a stool sample in estimating the burden of foodborne illness, Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 3, 432, 10.1089/fpd.2006.3.432 Schonberg-Norio, 2004, Swimming and Campylobacter infections, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 10, 1474, 10.3201/eid1008.030924 Sinclair, 2005, Pathogens causing community gastroenteritis in Australia, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 20, 1685, 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.04047.x Slutsker, 1998, A nationwide case-control study of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection in the United States, Journal of Infectious Diseases, 177, 962, 10.1086/515258 Soller, 2010, Estimated human health risks from exposure to recreational waters impacted by human and non-human sources of faecal contamination, Water Research, 44, 4674, 10.1016/j.watres.2010.06.049 Tam, 2012, Longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the UK (IID2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice, Gut, 61, 69, 10.1136/gut.2011.238386 Wade, 2008, High sensitivity of children to swimming-associated gastrointestinal illness: results using a rapid assay of recreational water quality, Epidemiology, 19, 375, 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318169cc87 Wade, 2006, Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality are predictive of swimming-associated gastrointestinal illness, Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 24, 10.1289/ehp.8273 Wade, 2010, Rapidly measured indicators of recreational water quality and swimming-associated illness at marine beaches: a prospective cohort study, Environmental Health, 9, 66, 10.1186/1476-069X-9-66 Wheeler, 1999, Study of infectious intestinal disease in England: rates in the community, presenting to general practice, and reported to national surveillance. The Infectious Intestinal Disease Study Executive, BMJ, 318, 1046, 10.1136/bmj.318.7190.1046 Wiedenmann, 2006, A randomized controlled trial assessing infectious disease risks from bathing in fresh recreational waters in relation to the concentration of Escherichia coli, intestinal enterococci, Clostridium perfringens, and somatic coliphages, Environmental Health Perspectives, 114, 228, 10.1289/ehp.8115 Wilde, 1991, Improved detection of rotavirus shedding by polymerase chain reaction, Lancet, 337, 323, 10.1016/0140-6736(91)90945-L Yoder, 2004, Surveillance for waterborne-disease outbreaks associated with recreational water–United States, 2001-2002, MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 53, 1 Yoder, 2008, Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water use and other aquatic facility-associated health events–United States, 2005-2006, MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 57, 1 Yoder, 2008, Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with drinking water and water not intended for drinking–United States, 2005-2006, MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 57, 39