Nâng cao chất lượng thịt cá hồi cầu vồng (Oncorhynchus mykiss) bằng cách bổ sung đại mạch vào chế độ ăn mà không gây ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến các yếu tố nuôi trồng

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 25 - Trang 1005-1023 - 2016
Julia Pinedo-Gil1,2, Ana Tomás-Vidal2, Ana María Larrán-García1, Cristina Tomás-Almenar1, Miguel Jover-Cerdá2, Miguel Ángel Sanz-Calvo1, Ana Belén Martín-Diana1
1Subdirection of Research and Technology, Agro-Technological Institute of Castilla y León, Consejería de Agricultura y Ganadería, Valladolid, Spain
2Research Group of Aquaculture and Biodiversity, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Tóm tắt

Các nồng độ đại mạch dao động từ 0 đến 32% (0B, 40B, 80B, 160B, và 319B) đã được bổ sung vào khẩu phần ăn của cá hồi cầu vồng, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Thí nghiệm bắt đầu với trọng lượng cá trung bình ban đầu là 127,72 ± 5,65 g và kết thúc khi chúng đạt trọng lượng thương mại (trọng lượng cuối cùng từ 312 đến 330 g) sau 84 ngày. Việc bổ sung đại mạch vào khẩu phần ăn không cho thấy ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến tăng trưởng và các chỉ số sinh học, khả năng tiêu hóa chất béo và carbohydrate; tuy nhiên, khả năng tiêu hóa protein đã giảm đáng kể khi có sự bổ sung đại mạch vào chế độ ăn. Mức glucose tăng đáng kể theo nồng độ đại mạch trong chế độ ăn, và mức lactate cùng cortisol cũng bị ảnh hưởng đáng kể sau một thời gian bị căng thẳng, bất kể chế độ ăn uống. Chất lượng thịt cũng bị ảnh hưởng bởi nồng độ đại mạch. Các giá trị hoạt động nước thấp hơn và sự cải thiện về tính chất kết cấu và màu sắc được quan sát thấy ở những con cá ăn chế độ có nồng độ đại mạch cao nhất. Cá hồi được cho ăn thức ăn có nồng độ đại mạch cao hơn (160B) cho thấy mức độ oxy hóa lipid thấp hơn so với những cá được cho ăn với nồng độ thấp hơn (đối chứng và 40B). Ban cảm quan đã nhận thấy rằng cá được cho ăn với khẩu phần có đại mạch cao hơn 8% (80B) thể hiện màu đỏ tươi hơn ở mang và kết cấu tốt hơn; đồng thời, màu thịt trở nên đỏ hơn với sự bổ sung đại mạch cao hơn (160B và 319B), tất cả các tham số cảm quan này đều có mối tương quan với độ tươi của cá. Do đó, kết quả cho thấy đại mạch có thể được thay thế cho phần lúa mì mà không gây ảnh hưởng xấu đến hiệu quả sản xuất và nâng cao chất lượng cá.

Từ khóa

#đại mạch #cá hồi cầu vồng #chất lượng thịt #tiêu hóa protein #nồng độ glucose

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