Empowering women in human immunodeficiency virus prevention

Quarraisha Abdool Karim1,2, Hilton Humphries2, Zena Stein1,3
1Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, USA
2CAPRISA, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
3HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, Columbia University, New York, USA

Tài liệu tham khảo

UNAIDS, WHO, 2010, AIDS epidemic update Abdool Karim, 2009, HIV infection and tuberculosis in South Africa: an urgent need to escalate the public health response, Lancet, 374, 921, 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60916-8 Abdool Karim, 2010, Preventing HIV infection in women: a global health imperative!, Clin Infect Dis, 50, S122, 10.1086/651483 Karim, 2011, Stabilizing HIV prevalence masks high HIV incidence rates amongst rural and urban women in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Int J Epidemiol, 40, 922, 10.1093/ije/dyq176 Ramjee, 1998, Sexually transmitted infections among sex workers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, Sex Transm Dis, 25, 346, 10.1097/00007435-199808000-00004 Gregson, 2002, Sexual mixing patterns and sex-differentials in teenage exposure to HIV infection in rural Zimbabwe, Lancet, 359, 1896, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08780-9 Pettifor, 2005, Young people’s sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behaviors from a nationally representative household survey, AIDS, 19, 1525, 10.1097/01.aids.0000183129.16830.06 Bobat, 1997, Breastfeeding by HIV-1-infected women and outcome in their infants: a cohort study from Durban, South Africa, AIDS, 11, 1627, 10.1097/00002030-199713000-00012 Guay, 1999, Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: HIVNET 012 randomised trial, Lancet, 354, 795, 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)80008-7 Abdool-Karim, 2010, HIV and maternal mortality: turning the tide, Lancet, 375, 1948, 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60747-7 Moodley, 2011, Strengthening HIV services for pregnant women: an opportunity to reduce maternal mortality rates in Southern Africa/sub-Saharan Africa, BJOG, 118, 219, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02726.x Bradshaw, 2006 Padian, 2010, Weighing the gold in the gold standard: challenges in HIV prevention research, AIDS, 24, 621, 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328337798a Karim, 2011, Antiretroviral prophylaxis: a defining moment in HIV control, Lancet, 378, e23, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61136-7 Fauci, 2011, AIDS: let science inform policy, Science, 333, 13, 10.1126/science.1209751 Abdool Karim, 2010, Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir gel, an antiretroviral microbicide, for the prevention of HIV Infection in women, Science, 329, 1168, 10.1126/science.1193748 Patterson, 2010 Thigpen, 2011 FHI. FEM-PrEP Project; http:/www.fhi.org/en/Research/Projects/FEM-PrEP.htm [last accessed 20.01.12]. MTN. Update on VOICE; http://www.mtnstopshiv.org/node/3623 [last accessed 20.01.12]. Cates, 1996, Condom efficacy against gonorrhea and nongonococcal urethritis (letter), Am J Epidemiol, 143, 843, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008826 Ehrhardt, 1988, Preventing and treating AIDS: the expertise of the behavioral sciences, Bull NY Acad Med, 64, 513 Flam, 1986, Behavior, infection and immune response: an epidemiological approach, 61 Smith, 1997, Am J Epidemiol, 146, 459, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009299 Skovdal, 2011, When masculinity interferes with women's treatment of HIV infection: a qualitative study about adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Zimbabwe, J Int AIDS Soc, 7, 13 Denis P, Becker C. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa in a historical perspective; http://rds.refer.sn/IMG/pdf/AIDSHISTORYALL.pdf [last accessed 20.01.12]. Temmerman, 2003, Mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource poor settings: how to improve coverage?, AIDS, 17, 1239, 10.1097/00002030-200305230-00016 Maman, 2003, High rates and positive outcomes of HIV-serostatus disclosure to sexual partners: reasons for cautious optimism from a voluntary counseling and testing clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, AIDS Behav, 7, 373, 10.1023/B:AIBE.0000004729.89102.d4 Siedel, 2000, Experiences of breastfeeding and vulnerability among a group of HIV-positive women in Durban, South Africa, Health Policy Plan, 15, 24, 10.1093/heapol/15.1.24 Myer, 2002, Dual method use in South Africa, Int Fam Plan Perspect, 28, 119, 10.2307/3088245 Worth, 1989, Sexual decision-making and AIDS: why condom promotion among vulnerable women is likely to fail, Stud Fam Plann, 20, 297, 10.2307/1966433 International Centre for Research on women; http://www.icrw.org/ [last accessed 20.01.12]. Abdool Karim, 1991, Sexual behaviour and knowledge of AIDS among urban black mothers. Implications for AIDS intervention programmes, S Afr Med J, 80, 340 Ehrhardt AA, Wasserheit JN. Age, gender and sexual risk behaviours for sexually transmitted diseases in the US. In: Wasserheit JN, Aral SO, Holmes KK, et al., eds. Research issues in human behaviour and sexually transmitted diseases in the AIDS era. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology; 1991; pp. 97–121. Stein, 1990, HIV prevention: the need for methods women can use, Am J Public Health, 80, 460, 10.2105/AJPH.80.4.460 Global Campaign for Microbicides; http://www.global-campaign.org/mission.htm [last accessed 20.01.12]. 2011, 18 Feldblum, 2008, SAVVY vaginal gel (C31G) for prevention of HIV infection: A randomized controlled trial in Nigeria, PLosOne, 3, e1471, 10.1371/journal.pone.0001474 Roddy, 1998, A controlled trial of nonoxynol 9 film to reduce male-to-female transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, N Engl J Med, 339, 504, 10.1056/NEJM199808203390803 CONRAD. http://www.conrad.org/microbicides.html [last accessed 20.01.12]. Gupta, 1995, Male-female inequalities result in submission to high-risk sex in many societies. Special report: women and HIV, AIDS Anal Afr, 5, 8 Karim, SSA. Microbicides for the prevention of HIV Infection. 2nd South African AIDS Conference in Durban, South Africa 2005; 30–40. van Damme, 2002, Effectiveness of COL-1492, a nonoxynol-9 vaginal gel, on HIV-1 transmission in female sex workers: a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 360, 971, 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11079-8 Press release about CONRAD Funding for microbicide development. http://www.evms.edu/about-evms-news/Page-37.html [last accessed 2.01.12]. USAID. Final report USAID microbicide stakeholders meeting 29 November 2010, Washington, DC; http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/aids/TechAreas/research/final_report_microbicide_meeting112910.pdf [last accessed 21.01.12]. Carballo-Diéguez, 2000, Frequent use of lubricants for anal sex among men who have sex with men: the HIV prevention potential of a microbicidal gel, Am J Public Health, 90, 1117, 10.2105/AJPH.90.7.1117 Female Health Company; http://www.femalehealth.com/ [last accessed 20.01.12]. Barbosa, 2007, Notes on the female condom: experiences in Brazil, Int J STD and AIDS, 18, 261, 10.1258/095646207780658980 Auvert, 2005, Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: the ANRS 1265 Trial, PLos Med, 2, e298, 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020298 Bailey, 2007, Male circumcision for HIV prevention in young men in Kisumu, Kenya: a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 369, 643, 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60312-2 Gray, 2007, Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda: a randomised trial, Lancet, 369, 657, 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60313-4 Cates, 2010, Global development. Family planning the Millennium Development Goals, Science, 329, 1603, 10.1126/science.1197080