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Nhận Diện Cảm Xúc và Chấn Thương Đầu: Một Tổng Quan Hệ Thống và Phân Tích Tổng Hợp
Tóm tắt
Chấn thương não do chấn thương (TBI) có thể dẫn đến suy giảm khả năng nhận diện cảm xúc, gây ra những khó khăn đáng kể trong giao tiếp xã hội và duy trì các mối quan hệ cá nhân. Bài tổng quan này nhằm đánh giá quy mô của các suy giảm nhận diện cảm xúc ở bệnh nhân TBI, cả về tổng thể và theo từng loại cảm xúc, và xác định xem quy mô của các suy giảm có bị ảnh hưởng bởi phương thức (ví dụ: mặt, giọng nói, đa phương thức) thể hiện cảm xúc và mức độ nghiêm trọng của chấn thương hay không. Các tìm kiếm trên các cơ sở dữ liệu PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO và Medline đã xác định được 17 nghiên cứu đáp ứng các tiêu chí bao gồm và loại trừ nghiêm ngặt cho bài tổng quan hệ thống (so sánh bệnh nhân TBI với các nhóm đối chứng phù hợp). Trong số các nghiên cứu này, 15 nghiên cứu đã được đưa vào phân tích tổng hợp (NTBI = 474; NControl = 461). Những thiếu hụt trung bình/đáng kể đã xuất hiện đối với bệnh nhân TBI so với các đối chứng (Hedges’ g = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.61 – 0.96, p < .001; Q = 22.53, p = .068, τ2 = 0.04, I2 = 37.84; chỉ ra tính không đồng nhất thấp). Bệnh nhân TBI bị suy giảm trên tất cả các loại cảm xúc, với kích thước hiệu ứng trung bình/đáng kể được quan sát thấy đối với nỗi sợ và cơn giận, kích thước hiệu ứng trung bình đối với sự ghê tởm, trung lập và buồn bã, trong khi kích thước hiệu ứng cho hạnh phúc và sự ngạc nhiên là nhỏ. Quy mô của sự suy giảm đối với những cá nhân có mức độ TBI được phân loại là trung bình/nghiêm trọng là vừa phải, trong khi TBI nặng là lớn. Kích thước hiệu ứng trung bình/đáng kể đã được quan sát trên các phương thức trình bày khác nhau. Phân tích tổng hợp này cung cấp bằng chứng cho thấy có những suy giảm toàn cầu đáng kể trong nhận diện cảm xúc, với quy mô suy giảm lớn nhất cho các cảm xúc tiêu cực (tức là, cơn giận và nỗi sợ). Phân tích tổng hợp này không cung cấp bằng chứng nào cho thấy quy mô của sự suy giảm bị ảnh hưởng bởi mức độ nghiêm trọng của chấn thương hoặc phương thức trình bày kích thích. Các khuyến nghị cho nghiên cứu trong tương lai được thảo luận.
Từ khóa
#Chấn thương não #nhận diện cảm xúc #phân tích tổng hợp #giao tiếp xã hội #suy giảm cảm xúcTài liệu tham khảo
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