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Đặc điểm phát thải và đánh giá tiềm năng hình thành ozone của hợp chất hữu cơ bay hơi trong các doanh nghiệp điện ly bộ phận ô tô sơn nước
Tóm tắt
Cấu trúc công nghiệp tại Bắc Kinh đang thay đổi nhanh chóng, và nhiều doanh nghiệp nhỏ, phân tán đang trở thành những nguồn phát thải VOC chính. Có khoảng 740 doanh nghiệp sản xuất phụ tùng ô tô tại Bắc Kinh, điển hình cho một ngành công nghiệp nhỏ mà phát thải VOC không thể bị bỏ qua. Nghiên cứu này đã chọn ra hai doanh nghiệp điện ly phụ tùng ô tô sơn nước tiêu biểu tại Bắc Kinh. Kết quả cho thấy tổng phát thải VOC trung bình hàng năm của cả hai doanh nghiệp là 3,72 tấn, trong khi phát thải không có tổ chức chiếm 36,2%. Phân tích đặc điểm phát thải VOC trong khí thải cho thấy các VOC chứa oxy (OVOCs) (acetone, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, v.v.) là các thành phần phong phú nhất (~ 21,88–68,66%), tiếp theo là các parafin (~ 6,93–25,34%) và olefin (~ 2,67–50,44%). Nồng độ VOC (ρ(VOCs)) từ ống khói sấy là 8,941 mg/m3, trong khi quá trình điện ly chiếm 0,792 mg/m3. So sánh hiệu quả của các thiết bị xử lý VOC cho thấy thiết bị oxi hóa nhiệt tái sinh và thiết bị oxi hóa nhiệt làm tăng nồng độ VOC thay vì giảm, do lượng khí bổ sung lớn. Việc hấp thụ carbon hoạt tính không hiệu quả trong việc xử lý VOC không cực như các alkan, trong khi hấp thụ trung hòa khá ổn định. Ngoài ra, tiềm năng hình thành ozone và đánh giá rủi ro sức khỏe (rủi ro ung thư và không ung thư) cho thấy các doanh nghiệp sơn nước vẫn một phần có nguy cơ. Dựa trên các đặc điểm phát thải của VOC và tính khả thi kỹ thuật, khuyến nghị cải thiện tỷ lệ thu hồi khí thải không có tổ chức từ xưởng điện ly, điều chỉnh các giá trị tiêu chuẩn phát thải và tối ưu hóa các biện pháp xử lý cuối cùng của xưởng sấy.
Từ khóa
#VOC #phát thải #ozone #xưởng điện ly #phụ tùng ô tô #sơn nướcTài liệu tham khảo
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