Elevated oxidase and esterase levels associated with permethrin tolerance in Anopheles gambiae from Kenyan villages using permethrin‐impregnated nets

Medical and Veterinary Entomology - Tập 13 Số 3 - Trang 239-244 - 1999
John Vulule1, Raymond Beach2, Francis Atieli3, Janet McAllister2, Keith Steen2, Jacquelin M. Roberts2, R. W. Mwangi4, Luna Kamau2
1Vector Biology and Control Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu.
2Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A, and
3Vector Biology and Control Research Centre (Kenya Medical Research Institute), PO Box 1578, Kisumu, Kenya,
4Department of Zoology, University of Nairobi, Kenya

Tóm tắt

Summary

The permethrin tolerance (PT) of a population of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) increased following the introduction of permethrin‐impregnated nets for malaria control in certain villages near Kisumu, western Kenya. Using a biochemical test that indirectly measures oxidases associated with permethrin resistance, we found that this population had higher oxidase levels than a comparison population from villages without impregnated nets. Mosquitoes from a colony of An. gambiae selected for PT, the RSP (reduced susceptibility to permethrin) strain, were exposed to permethrin with or without the oxidase inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PB). Significantly higher mortality rates occurred when permethrin was synergized by PB, presumably by suppression of oxidases responsible for PT. An unselected (UNS) colony of An. gambiae that was more susceptible than RSP in a permethrin‐susceptibility bioassay (i.e. LT50 22 min for UNS, vs. 42 min for RSP) was compared with the RSP colony for levels of oxidases and esterases. The levels of both enzymes were very significantly higher in the RSP strain (P < 0.0001). We speculate that use of impregnated nets selected for higher oxidase and esterase levels in An. gambiae to metabolize permethrin acquired from the nets. Both oxidase and esterase mechanisms could confer cross‐resistance to other pyrethroids.

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Medical and Veterinary Entomology

Tập 13 Số 3

239-244

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