Electrolyte Disorders

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A study of 40 cases, J Small Anim Pract, 32, 564, 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00887.x Epstein, 1985, Derangements of renal water handling in liver disease, Gastroenterology, 89, 1415, 10.1016/0016-5085(85)90664-X Feig, 1977, The hypertonic state, N Engl J Med, 297, 1444, 10.1056/NEJM197712292972608 Finco, 1978, Hypercalcemia secondary to chronic renal failure in the dog: A report of four cases, JAVMA, 173, 990 Forrester, 1989, Hypophosphatemia: Causes and clinical consequences, J Vet Intern Med, 3, 149, 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1989.tb03091.x Foster, 1983, The metabolic derangements and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, N Engl J Med, 309, 111 Fuller, 1978, Reversible depression in myocardial performance in dogs with experimental phosphorus deficiency, J Clin Invest, 62, 1194, 10.1172/JCI109239 Galla, 1988, Chloride transport and disorders of acid–base balance, Annu Rev Physiol, 50, 141, 10.1146/annurev.ph.50.030188.001041 Giger, 1984, Oncologic emergencies in small animals. Part II. Metabolic and endocrine emergencies, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 6, 805 Graber, 1983, Spurious hyperchloremia and decreased anion gap in hyperlipidemia, Ann Intern Med, 98, 607, 10.7326/0003-4819-98-5-607 Griffith, 1986, Disturbed homeostasis: Diabetic ketoacidosis, Br J Hosp Med, 2, 83 Hammill-Ruth, 1996, Magnesium repletion and its effect on potassium homeostasis in critically ill adults: Results of a double blind, randomized, controlled trial, Crit Care Med, 24, 38, 10.1097/00003246-199601000-00009 Hardy, 1989, Hypernatremia, Vet Clin North Am, 19, 231, 10.1016/S0195-5616(89)50028-7 Houston, 1989, Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in a dog, Can Vet J, 30, 423 Iseri, 1985, Magnesium and potassium therapy in multifocal atrial tachycardia, Am Heart J, 110, 789, 10.1016/0002-8703(85)90458-2 Justin, 1995, Hypophosphatemia associated with enteral alimentation in cats, J Vet Intern Med, 9, 228, 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1995.tb01072.x Kahn, 1979, Massive blood replacement: Correlation of ionized calcium, citrate, and hydrogen ion concentration, Anesth Analg, 58, 274, 10.1213/00000539-197907000-00003 Katz, 1973, Hyperglycemia-induced hyponatremia, N Engl J Med, 289, 843, 10.1056/NEJM197310182891607 Kebler, 1985, Dynamic changes in serum phosphorus levels in diabetic ketoacidosis, Am J Med, 79, 571, 10.1016/0002-9343(85)90053-1 Kelly, 1984, Canine myxedema stupor and coma, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 6, 1049 Kirby, 1992, Iverson W, Schaer M: Hypercalcemic nephropathy in a young dog resembling human milk alkali syndrome: J Am Anim Hosp, 28, 19 Knochel, 1985, Deranged phosphorus metabolism, 1397 Knochel, 1981, Hypophosphatemia, West J Med, 134, 15 Knochel, 1977, The pathophysiology and clinical characteristics of severe hypophosphatemia, Arch Intern Med, 137, 203, 10.1001/archinte.1977.03630140051013 Knochel, 1978, Skeletal muscle in hypophosphatemia and phosphorus deficiency, Adv Exp Med Biol, 103, 357, 10.1007/978-1-4684-7758-0_36 Koch, 1992, Chloride ion in the intensive care medicine, Crit Care Med, 20, 27, 10.1097/00003246-199202000-00012 Kreisberg, 1977, Phosphorus deficiency and hypophosphatemia, Hosp Pract, 12, 127, 10.1080/21548331.1977.11707099 Kruger, 1994, Canine and feline hypercalcemic nephropathy. Part I. Causes and consequences, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 16, 1299 Kruger, 1994, Canine and feline hypercalcemic nephropathy Part II. Detection, cure, and control, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 16, 1445 Ladenson, 1981, Misleading hyponatremia due to hyperlipemia: A method-dependent error, Ann Intern Med, 95, 707, 10.7326/0003-4819-95-6-707 Levine, 1982, Hypomagnesemia and ventricular tachycardia, Chest, 81, 244, 10.1378/chest.81.2.244 Malik, 1990, Severe whipworm infection in the dog, J Small Anim Pract, 13, 185, 10.1111/j.1748-5827.1990.tb00766.x Martin, 1994, Abnormalities of serum magnesium in critically ill dogs: Incidence and implications, J Vet Emerg Crit Care, 4, 15, 10.1111/j.1476-4431.1994.tb00111.x Mealey, 1999, Hypercalcemia associated with granulomatous disease in a cat, JAVMA, 215, 959 Nakayama, 1999, Hemodynamic and electrocardiographic effects of magnesium sulfate in healthy dogs, J Vet Intern Med, 13, 485, 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1999.tb01467.x O'Brien, 1994, Myelinolysis after correction of hyponatremia in two dogs, J Vet Intern Med, 8, 40, 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03194.x Phillips, 1998, Clinical disorders of potassium homeostasis: Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia, Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 28, 545, 10.1016/S0195-5616(98)50055-1 Reed, 1985, Adrenergic bronchodilators: Pharmacology and toxicology, J Allergy Clin Immunol, 76, 335, 10.1016/0091-6749(85)90650-5 Reilly, 1998, Interpreting the anion gap, Crit Care Med, 26, 1771, 10.1097/00003246-199811000-00003 Reinhart, 1985, Hypomagnesemia in patients entering the ICU, Crit Care Med, 13, 506, 10.1097/00003246-198506000-00015 Rose, 1994, Hyperkalemia Rose, 1994, Hyperosmolar states—hypernatremia Rose, 1994, Hypoosmolar states—hyponatremia Savary, 2000, Hypercalcemia in cats: A retrospective study of 71 cases (1991–1997), J Vet Intern Med, 14, 184 Schwartz, 1957, The internal distribution of hydrogen ions with varying degrees of metabolic acidosis, J Clin Invest, 36, 373, 10.1172/JCI103433 Seller, 1971, The role of magnesium in digitalis toxicity, Am Heart J, 82, 551, 10.1016/0002-8703(71)90242-0 Solomon, 1990, The refeeding syndrome: A review, Journal of Parenteral Nutrition, 14, 90, 10.1177/014860719001400190 Sterns, 1986, Osmotic demyelinating syndrome following correction of hyponatremia, N Engl J Med, 314, 1535, 10.1056/NEJM198606123142402 Szatalowicz, 1981, Radioimmunoassay of plasma arginine vasopressin in hyponatremic patients with congestive heart failure, N Engl J Med, 305, 203, 10.1056/NEJM198107303050506 Theisen, 1997, Muscle potassium content and potassium gluconate supplementation in normokalemic cats with naturally occurring chronic renal failure, J Vet Intern Med, 11, 212, 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00093.x Tobey, 1991, Successful resuscitation and neurologic recovery from refractory ventricular fibrillation after magnesium sulfate administration, Ann Emerg Med, 21, 92, 10.1016/S0196-0644(05)82249-8 Turnwald, 1985, Blood transfusion in dogs and cats. Part II: Administration, adverse effects and component therapy, Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 7, 115 Vite, 1996, Suspected albuterol intoxication in a dog, J Vet Emerg Crit Care, 84, 7 Wesley, 1989, Effect of intravenous magnesium sulfate on supraventricular tachycardia, Am J Cardiol, 63, 1129, 10.1016/0002-9149(89)90092-1 Willard, 1989, Electrolyte and acid–base abnormalities, 108 Willard, 1987, Severe hypophosphatemia associated with diabetes mellitus in six dogs and one cat, JAVMA, 190, 1007 Whang, 1992, Refractory potassium repletion: A consequence of magnesium deficiency, Arch Intern Med, 152, 40, 10.1001/archinte.1992.00400130066006 Whang, 1984, Predictors of Hypomagnesemia: hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hyponatremia, and hypocalcemia, Arch Intern Med, 144, 1794, 10.1001/archinte.1984.00350210112019 Zaloga, 1992, Calcium homeostasis in critically ill patients, Crit Care Med, 20, 251, 10.1097/00003246-199202000-00014 Zaloga, 1994, Calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, 777 Zaloga, 1987, Hypocalcemia and rhabdomyolysis, JAMA, 257, 626, 10.1001/jama.1987.03390050052011