Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia from N2 and H2O based on (Li,Na,K)2CO3–Ce0.8Gd0.18Ca0.02O2−δ composite electrolyte and CoFe2O4 cathode

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy - Tập 39 - Trang 4322-4330 - 2014
Ibrahim A. Amar1,2, Christophe T.G. Petit1, Gregory Mann1, Rong Lan1, Peter J. Skabara2, Shanwen Tao1
1Department of Chemical & Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XJ, UK
2WestCHEM, Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK

Tài liệu tham khảo

Slack, 1973, Ammonia, vol. 2 US, Survey G, 2012 Douglas, 1971 Zamfirescu, 2008, Using ammonia as a sustainable fuel, J Power Sources, 185, 459, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.02.097 Lan, 2012, Ammonia and related chemicals as potential indirect hydrogen storage materials, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 37, 1482, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.10.004 Lan, 2010, Direct ammonia alkaline anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, Electrochem Solid-State Lett, 13, B83, 10.1149/1.3428469 Alagharu, 2010, Analysis of ammonia decomposition reactor to generate hydrogen for fuel cell applications, J Power Sources, 195, 829, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.08.024 Appl, 1999 Marnellos, 1998, Ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure, Science, 282, 98, 10.1126/science.282.5386.98 Xie, 2004, Preparation of La1.9Ca0.1Zr2O6.95 with pyrochlore structure and its application in synthesis of ammonia at atmospheric pressure, Solid State Ionics, 168, 117, 10.1016/j.ssi.2004.01.025 Li, 2005, A novel method for preparation of doped Ba3Ca1.18Nb1.82O9−δ: application to ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure, Solid State Ionics, 176, 1063, 10.1016/j.ssi.2005.01.009 Wang, 2010, Ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure using a reactor with thin solid electrolyte BaCe 0.85Y0.15O3−α membrane, J Memb Sci, 360, 397, 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.05.038 Giddey, 2013, Review of electrochemical ammonia production technologies and materials, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 38, 14576, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.09.054 Amar, 2011, Solid-state electrochemical synthesis of ammonia: a review, J Solid State Electrochem, 15, 1845, 10.1007/s10008-011-1376-x Wang, 2007, Methane-fueled IT-SOFCs with facile in situ inorganic templating synthesized mesoporous Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 as catalytic layer, J Power Sources, 170, 251, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.04.030 McIntosh, 2004, Direct hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cells, Chem Rev, 104, 4845, 10.1021/cr020725g Skodra, 2009, Electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia from steam and nitrogen at atmospheric pressure, Solid State Ionics, 180, 1332, 10.1016/j.ssi.2009.08.001 Li, 2007, Synthesis and properties of Y-doped SrTiO3 as an anode material for SOFCs, J Power Sources, 166, 47, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.01.008 Zhang, 2009, A high performance intermediate temperature fuel cell based on a thick oxide-carbonate electrolyte, J Power Sources, 194, 967, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.062 Wang, 2008, Novel core-shell SDC/amorphous Na2CO3 nanocomposite electrolyte for low-temperature SOFCs, Electrochem Comm, 10, 1617, 10.1016/j.elecom.2008.08.023 Raza, 2010, Study on calcium and samarium co-doped ceria based nanocomposite electrolytes, J Power Sources, 195, 6491, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.04.031 Wang, 2011, Ceria-based nanocomposite with simultaneous proton and oxygen ion conductivity for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells, J Power Sources, 196, 2754, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.11.033 Xia, 2009, A high performance composite ionic conducting electrolyte for intermediate temperature fuel cell and evidence for ternary ionic conduction, J Power Sources, 188, 156, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.11.068 Zhu, 2006, Electrolysis studies based on ceria-based composites, Electrochem Comm, 8, 495, 10.1016/j.elecom.2006.01.011 Liu, 2008, Modeling and simulation of a single direct carbon fuel cell, J Power Sources, 185, 1022, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.08.100 Li, 2010, A carbon in molten carbonate anode model for a direct carbon fuel cell, Electrochim Acta, 55, 1958, 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.11.015 Amar, 2011, Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia based on doped-ceria-carbonate composite electrolyte and perovskite cathode, Solid State Ionics, 201, 94, 10.1016/j.ssi.2011.08.003 Li, 2009, Performance of ionic-conducting ceramic/carbonate composite material as solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte and CO2 permeation membrane, Catal Today, 148, 303, 10.1016/j.cattod.2009.08.009 Wade, 2011, Composite electrolyte membranes for high temperature CO2 separation, J Memb Sci, 369, 20, 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.10.053 Zhang, 2012, High CO2 permeation flux enabled by highly interconnected three-dimensional ionic channels in selective CO2 separation membranes, Energy Environ Sci, 5, 8310, 10.1039/c2ee22045h Fu, 2010, Preparation and characterization of Ce0.8M0.2O2 (M = Y, Gd, Sm, Nd, La) solid electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 35, 745, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.10.093 Zhao, 2012, Effect of Ca co-dopant on the electrical conductivity of Gd-doped ceria, J Electroceram, 28, 149, 10.1007/s10832-012-9696-5 Janz, 1961, Solid-liquid phase equilibria for mixtures of lithium, sodium, and potassium carbonates, J Chem Eng Data, 6, 321, 10.1021/je00103a001 Tong, 2009, Magnetic CoFe2O4 nanocrystal: a novel and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane, J Mol Catal A Chem, 307, 58, 10.1016/j.molcata.2009.03.010 Bodade, 2012, Conduction mechanism and gas sensing properties of CoFe2O4 nanocomposite thick films for H2S gas, Talanta, 89, 183, 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.12.013 Fino, 2006, Catalytic removal of NOx and diesel soot over nanostructured spinel-type oxides, J Catal, 242, 38, 10.1016/j.jcat.2006.05.023 Wang, 1995, Activity and reduction behavior of fused iron catalysts containing cobalt for ammonia synthesis: a structure study, Appl Catal A Gen, 122, 5, 10.1016/0926-860X(94)00219-3 Rajaram, 1985, Adsorption and catalytic properties of CoxFe3–xO4 spinels. Part 1.—preparation and characterisation of precursors to ammonia-synthesis catalysts, J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1, 81, 2577, 10.1039/f19858102577 Rajaram, 1985, Adsorption and catalytic properties of CoxFe3–xO4 spinels. Part 2.—hydrogen chemisorption on precursors to ammonia synthesis catalysts, J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 1, 81, 2593, 10.1039/f19858102593 Simonsen, 2007, Spinels as cathodes for the electrochemical reduction of O2 and NO, Top Catal, 45, 143, 10.1007/s11244-007-0255-2 Amar, 2011, Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia based on a carbonate-oxide composite electrolyte, Solid State Ionics, 182, 133, 10.1016/j.ssi.2010.11.009 Vidal-Abarca, 2010, On the role of faradaic and capacitive contributions in the electrochemical performance of CoFe2O4 as conversion anode for Li-ion cells, Solid State Ionics, 181, 616, 10.1016/j.ssi.2010.02.028 Gao, 2009, Composite electrolyte based on nanostructured Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells, Int J Energy Res, 33, 1138, 10.1002/er.1597 Huang, 2007, Development of novel low-temperature SOFCs with co-ionic conducting SDC-carbonate composite electrolytes, Electrochem Comm, 9, 2601, 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.07.036 Chockalingam, 2011, Impedance spectroscopy studies of Gd–CeO2–(LiNa)CO3 nano composite electrolytes for low temperature SOFC applications, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 36, 14977, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.03.165 Rondao, 2013, Role of gas-phase composition on the performance of ceria-based composite electrolytes, Int J Hydrogen Energy, 38, 5497, 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.02.105 Fan, 2013, Recent development of ceria-based (nano)composite materials for low temperature ceramic fuel cells and electrolyte-free fuel cells, J Power Sources, 234, 154, 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.01.138 Zhang, 2011, A stable intermediate temperature fuel cell based on doped-ceria–carbonate composite electrolyte and perovskite cathode, Electrochem Comm, 13, 582, 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.03.015 Olivares, 2012, The thermal stability of molten lithium-sodium-potassium carbonate and the influence of additives on the melting Point, J Sol Energy Eng Trans ASME, 134, 10.1115/1.4006895 Waugh, 1994, The mechanism of the poisoning of ammonia-synthesis catalysts by oxygenates O2, CO and H2O - an in-situ method for active surface determination, Catal Lett, 24, 197, 10.1007/BF00807390 Jennings, 1991 Lan, 2013, Electrochemical synthesis of ammonia directly from air and water using a Li+/H+/NH4+ mixed conducting electrolyte, RSC Adv, 3, 18016, 10.1039/c3ra43432j Sclafani, 1983, Dinitrogen electrochemical reduction to ammonia over Iron cathode in aqueous medium, J Electrochem Soc, 130, 734, 10.1149/1.2119794