Electrical hybrid heat pumps assisted by natural gas boilers: a review

https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2020; Accessed: 15/05/2022. Recast, 2010, Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast) Off, J Eur Union, 18, 2010 Huo, 2021, Will the urbanization process influence the peak of carbon emissions in the building sector? A dynamic scenario simulation, Energy Build, 232, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110590 Huo, 2021, Nonlinear influence of urbanization on China's urban residential building carbon emissions: New evidence from panel threshold model, Sci Total Environ, 772, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145058 Li, 2021, A decomposing analysis of productive and residential energy consumption in Beijing, Energy, 226, 10.1016/j.energy.2021.120413 McNeil, 2016, Energy efficiency outlook in China’s urban buildings sector through 2030, Energy Policy, 97, 532, 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.07.033 Zhou, 2018, Scenarios of energy efficiency and CO 2 emissions reduction potential in the buildings sector in China to year 2050, Nat Energy, 3, 978, 10.1038/s41560-018-0253-6 Aldubyan, 2022, Impact of stay home living on energy demand of residential buildings: Saudi Arabian case study, Energy, 238, 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121637 Zhang, 2021, An optimized design of residential integrated energy system considering the power-to-gas technology with multi-functional characteristics, Energy, 121774 https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-cooling; Accessed: 15/05/2022. Badiei, 2020, A chronological review of advances in solar assisted heat pump technology in 21st century, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 132, 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110132 Gaur, 2021, Heat pumps and our low-carbon future: A comprehensive review, Energy Res Social Sci, 71, 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101764 Baeten, 2017, Reduction of heat pump induced peak electricity use and required generation capacity through thermal energy storage and demand response, Appl Energy, 195, 184, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.03.055 Esen, 2000, Thermal performance of a solar-aided latent heat store used for space heating by heat pump, Sol Energy, 69, 15, 10.1016/S0038-092X(00)00015-3 Esen, 2006, Technoeconomic appraisal of a ground source heat pump system for a heating season in eastern Turkey, Energy Convers Manage, 47, 1281, 10.1016/j.enconman.2005.06.024 Esen, 2007, A techno-economic comparison of ground-coupled and air-coupled heat pump system for space cooling, Build Environ, 42, 1955, 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.04.007 Fitzpatrick, 2020, Influence of electricity prices on energy flexibility of integrated hybrid heat pump and thermal storage systems in a residential building, Energy Build, 223, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110142 Palomba, 2018, Experimental and numerical analysis of a SOFC-CHP system with adsorption and hybrid chillers for telecommunication applications, Appl Energy, 216, 620, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.02.063 Calise, 2017, Optimal operating strategies of combined cooling, heating and power systems: A case study for an engine manufacturing facility, Energy Convers Manage, 149, 1066, 10.1016/j.enconman.2017.06.028 Kalogirou, 2013 Kozarcanin, 2020, Impact of climate change on the cost-optimal mix of decentralised heat pump and gas boiler technologies in Europe, Energy Policy, 140, 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111386 Sun, 2019, Benefits of smart control of hybrid heat pumps: An analysis of field trial data, Appl Energy, 247, 525, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.04.068 Xu, 2022, Feasibility study of an integrated air source heat pump water heater/chillers and exhaust gas boiler heating system for swimming pool on luxury cruise ship, Energy Rep, 8, 1260, 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.12.037 Zhang, 2021, Economic optimization of auxiliary heat source for centralized solar district heating system in Tibetan Plateau, China, Energy Convers Manage, 243, 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114385 Vigants, 2015, Efficiency diagram for district heating system with gas condensing unit, Energy Procedia, 72, 119, 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.06.017 Fischer, 2017, Model-based flexibility assessment of a residential heat pump pool, Energy, 118, 853, 10.1016/j.energy.2016.10.111 Destro, 2016, Components design and daily operation optimization of a hybrid system with energy storages, Energy, 117, 569, 10.1016/j.energy.2016.05.097 Aste, 2020, A renewable energy scenario for a new low carbon settlement in northern Italy: Biomass district heating coupled with heat pump and solar photovoltaic system, Energy, 206, 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118091 Heinen S, O'Malley M. Power system planning benefits of hybrid heating technologies. In2015 IEEE Eindhoven PowerTech(pp. 1-6). IEEE; 2015, June. Liu, 2021, Proposal and assessment of a new solar space heating system by integrating an absorption-compression heat pump, Appl Energy, 294, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116966 Deng, 2021, A novel off-design model to optimize combined cooling, heating and power system with hybrid chillers for different operation strategies, Energy, 122085 You, 2017, Coupled heating of ground-coupled heat pump system with heat compensation unit: Performance improvement and borehole reduction, Energy Convers Manage, 148, 57, 10.1016/j.enconman.2017.04.050 Puttige, 2022, Modeling and optimization of hybrid ground source heat pump with district heating and cooling, Energy Build, 112065 Schibuola, 2022, Environmental impact and energy performance of groundwater heat pumps in urban retrofit, Energy Build, 261, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2022.111964 Wang, 2022, Development of efficient, flexible and affordable heat pumps for supporting heat and power decarbonisation in the UK and beyond: Review and perspectives, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 154, 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111747 Hassan, 2022, Investigation of a hybrid renewable-based grid-independent electricity-heat nexus: Impacts of recovery and thermally storing waste heat and electricity, Energy Convers Manage, 252, 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.115073 Mehregan, 2022, Energy, economic, environmental investigations and optimization of a combined cooling, heating and power system with hybrid prime mover of gas engine and flat plate solar collector, Energy Convers Manage, 251, 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.115018 Esen, 2013, Experimental evaluation of using various renewable energy sources for heating a greenhouse, Energy Build, 65, 340, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.06.018 Aditya, 2020, Environmental assessment of hybrid ground source heat pump systems, Geothermics, 87, 10.1016/j.geothermics.2020.101868 Allaerts, 2017, Improving the energy efficiency of ground-source heat pump systems in heating dominated school buildings: A case study in Belgium, Energy Build, 138, 559, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.09.046 Antonov S. Short and long term optimal operation and robustness analysis of a hybrid ground coupled heat pump system with model predictive control. PhD Thesys; 2016. Miglani, 2017, Design and optimization of a hybrid solar ground source heat pump with seasonal regeneration, Energy Procedia, 122, 1015, 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.468 Ikeda, 2017, Optimization method for multiple heat source operation including ground source heat pump considering dynamic variation in ground temperature, Appl Energy, 193, 466, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.02.047 Lazzarin, 2018, Lessons learned from long term monitoring of a multisource heat pump system, Energy Build, 174, 335, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.06.051 Liu, 2017, Feasibility and performance study of the hybrid ground-source heat pump system for one office building in Chinese heating dominated areas, Renewable Energy, 101, 1131, 10.1016/j.renene.2016.10.006 Menberg, 2017, Exergy analysis of a hybrid ground-source heat pump system, Appl Energy, 204, 31, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.06.076 Nguyen, 2016, A techno-economic analysis of heat-pump entering fluid temperatures, and CO2 emissions for hybrid ground-source heat pump systems, Geothermics, 61, 24, 10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.01.013 Picard, 2017, Modeling, optimal control and HVAC design of large buildings using ground source heat pump systems, PhD Thesys Taler, 2019, Operation assessment of hybrid heat source for heating the building and preparation of hot water in the fire brigade building, J Cleaner Prod, 214, 962, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.259 You, 2021, Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal and ground source heat pump: Review and perspective, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 151, 10.1016/j.rser.2021.111569 Carroll, 2020, Air Source Heat Pumps field studies: A systematic literature review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 134, 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110275 Wen, 2022, Performance evaluation of distributed energy system integrating photovoltaic, ground source heat pump, and natural gas-based CCHP, Energy Convers Manage, 252, 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.115039 Qi, 2014, Status and development of hybrid energy systems from hybrid ground source heat pump in China and other countries, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 29, 37, 10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.059 Kieft, 2021, Heat pumps in the existing Dutch housing stock: An assessment of its Technological Innovation System, Sustainable Energy Technol Assess, 44 Carter E, Lancaster O, Chanda F. Early results from the FREEDOM project: fully-optimised hybrid heat pumps providing demand flexibility. In 12th IEA heat pump conference 2017: Rotterdam. Freedom Project, 2018, Freedom Project, Freedom project final report. Western power distribution; Wales & west utilities, https://www.westernpower.co.uk/projects/freedom. Parrish, 2021, Consumers or users? The impact of user learning about smart hybrid heat pumps on policy trajectories for heat decarbonisation, Energy Policy, 148, 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112006 aroTHERM-air-to-water heat pump, The TECHNICAL Brochure. http://www.vaillant.co.uk, 2018. REMKO HotHybrid, Product Catalogue. http://www.remko.de/en/download prospekte; 2018. Buderus Logamax plus, Product Catalogue. http://www.buderus.de/Produkte/Neuheiten-2379238.html, 2018. Daikin Altherma hybrid heat pump, Product catalogue 2018. http://www.daikin.eu, 2018. Murelle revolution. The TECHNICAL Brochure. http://www.sime.it, 2018. Esen, 2017, Modelling and experimental performance analysis of solar-assisted ground source heat pump system, J Exp Theor Artif Intell, 29, 1, 10.1080/0952813X.2015.1056242 Di Perna, 2015, Experimental assessment and dynamic analysis of a hybrid generator composed of an air source heat pump coupled with a condensing gas boiler in a residential building, Appl Therm Eng, 76, 86, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.10.007 Li, 2013, Optimal operation strategy of the hybrid heating system composed of centrifugal heat pumps and gas boilers, Energy Build, 58, 27, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.09.044 Scarpa, 2011, Integrated solar-assisted heat pumps for water heating coupled to gas burners; control criteria for dynamic operation, Appl Therm Eng, 31, 59, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.08.012 Blarke, 2011, Intermittency-friendly and high-efficiency cogeneration: Operational optimisation of cogeneration with compression heat pump, flue gas heat recovery, and intermediate cold storage, Energy, 36, 6867, 10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.008 Gustafsson, 2000, Optimisation of insulation measures on existing buildings, Energy Build, 33, 49, 10.1016/S0378-7788(00)00062-1 Klein, 2014, Numerical study on hybrid heat pump systems in existing buildings, Energy Build, 69, 193, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.10.032 Nižetić, 2015, Energy efficiency evaluation of a hybrid energy system for building applications in a Mediterranean climate and its feasibility aspect, Energy, 90, 1171, 10.1016/j.energy.2015.06.053 https://heatpumpingtechnologies.org/annex45/; Accessed: 15/05/2022. EN 14825:2018, Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps, with electrically driven compressors, for space heating and cooling - Testing and rating at part load conditions and calculation of seasonal performance. Borodinecs A, Bogdanovics R, Prozuments A, Tihana J, Gaujena B. Evaluation of hybrid heating systems with a combination of fossil and renewable energy sources. InIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science(Vol. 297, No. 1, p. 012050). IOP Publishing; 2019, August. Zhang, 2021, A review of machine learning in building load prediction, Appl Energy, 285, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116452 Asaee, 2017, Techno-economic feasibility evaluation of air to water heat pump retrofit in the Canadian housing stock, Appl Therm Eng, 111, 936, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.09.117 Li, 2018, Parallel loop configuration for hybrid heat pump–gas fired water heater system with smart control strategy, Appl Therm Eng, 138, 807, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.04.087 Keogh D, Saffari M, de Rosa M, Finn DP. Energy assessment of hybrid heat pump systems as a retrofit measure in residential housing stock. In: E3S Web of Conferences(Vol. 111, p. 01064). EDP Sciences; 2019. Jarre, 2017, Opportunities for heat pumps adoption in existing buildings: real-data analysis and numerical simulation, Energy Procedia, 134, 499, 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.608 Bennett G, Watson S, Wilson G, Oreszczyn T. Domestic Heating with Compact Combination Hybrids (Gas Boiler and Heat Pump): A simple English stock model of different heating system scenarios. Dongellini, 2021, Influence of sizing strategy and control rules on the energy saving potential of heat pump hybrid systems in a residential building, Energy Convers Manage, 235, 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114022 D'Ettorre, 2019, Model predictive control of a hybrid heat pump system and impact of the prediction horizon on cost-saving potential and optimal storage capacity, Appl Therm Eng, 148, 524, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.11.063 Roccatello E, Prada A, Baggio P, Zambrelli C, Baratieri M. Simulation of efficiency of different configurations of residential hybrid heating systems combining boiler and heat pump; 2021. Mehrfeld P, Steinbach M, Nürenberg M, Lauster M, Müller D. Calibration of a hybrid heat pump system and application of an energy manager in building performance simulations. Aachen University, E. ON Energy Research Center, Institute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor Climate, Aachen, Germany. D’Ettorre, 2019, Mapping the energy flexibility potential of single buildings equipped with optimally-controlled heat pump, gas boilers and thermal storage, Sustainable Cities and Society, 50, 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101689 Zanetti, 2020, Energy saving potentials of a photovoltaic assisted heat pump for hybrid building heating system via optimal control, J Build Eng, 27 Calise, 2016, A novel solar-assisted heat pump driven by photovoltaic/thermal collectors: Dynamic simulation and thermoeconomic optimization, Energy, 95, 346, 10.1016/j.energy.2015.11.071 Calise, 2017, A novel polygeneration system integrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors, solar assisted heat pump, adsorption chiller and electrical energy storage: Dynamic and energy-economic analysis, Energy Convers Manage, 149, 798, 10.1016/j.enconman.2017.03.027 Entchev, 2018, Energy, economic and environmental performance simulation of a hybrid renewable microgeneration system with neural network predictive control, Alexandria Eng J, 57, 455, 10.1016/j.aej.2016.09.001 Wang, 2017, Optimal design methods and experimental validation for hybrid ground source heat pump system with gas boiler, Procedia Eng, 205, 4149, 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.159 Xu, 2021, Hybrid ground source heat pump system for overcoming soil thermal imbalance: A review, Sustainable Energy Technol Assess, 44 Rivoire M, Piga B, Casasso A, Sethi R. Dynamic simulation of ground-coupled heat pumps (gchps): insights on the economic convenience and on the environmental benefit; 2017. Soni, 2016, Hybrid ground coupled heat exchanger systems for space heating/cooling applications: A review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, 60, 724, 10.1016/j.rser.2016.01.125 Zhou, 2017, Clear-days operational performance of a hybrid experimental space heating system employing the novel mini-channel solar thermal & PV/T panels and a heat pump, Sol Energy, 155, 464, 10.1016/j.solener.2017.06.056 Li, 2018, Performance investigation and economic benefits of new control strategies for heat pump-gas fired water heater hybrid system, Appl Energy, 232, 101, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.065 https://www.daikin.it/it_it/cataloghi-e-app/mobile-app/heating-online-controller.html. https://navigator.clivet.it/products.jsp#. Halvgaard R, Poulsen NK, Madsen H, Jørgensen JB. Economic model predictive control for building climate control in a smart grid. In 2012 IEEE PES innovative smart grid technologies (ISGT) (pp. 1-6). IEEE; 2012, January. Thieblemont, 2017, Predictive control strategies based on weather forecast in buildings with energy storage system: A review of the state-of-the art, Energy Build, 153, 485, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.08.010 Sun, 2019, Preheating quantification for smart hybrid heat pumps considering uncertainty, IEEE Trans Ind Inf, 15, 4753, 10.1109/TII.2019.2891089 Bagarella, 2016, Annual simulation, energy and economic analysis of hybrid heat pump systems for residential buildings, Appl Therm Eng, 99, 485, 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.089 Bagarella, 2017, Sizing strategy of on–off and modulating heat pump systems based on annual energy analysis, Int J Refrig, 65, 183, 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2016.02.015 Ente Nazionale Italiano di Normazione, UNIEN14825: Air conditioners, liquid chilling packages and heat pumps, with electrically driven compressors, for space heating and cooling – testing and raring at part load conditions and calculation of seasonal performance, Milan, Italy, 2012. De Coninck, 2016, Practical implementation and evaluation of model predictive control for an office building in Brussels, Energy Build, 111, 290, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.11.014 Lyden, 2022, Planning level sizing of heat pumps and hot water tanks incorporating model predictive control and future electricity tariffs, Energy, 238, 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121731 Heinen, 2016, Electricity, gas, heat integration via residential hybrid heating technologies–An investment model assessment, Energy, 109, 906, 10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.126 Atam, 2015, Optimal control approaches for analysis of energy use minimization of hybrid ground-coupled heat pump systems, IEEE Trans Control Syst Technol, 24, 525 Renaldi, 2017, An optimisation framework for thermal energy storage integration in a residential heat pump heating system, Appl Energy, 186, 520, 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.067 Martorana, 2021, Solar-assisted heat pumps systems for domestic hot water production in small energy communities, Sol Energy, 217, 113, 10.1016/j.solener.2021.01.020 Poredoš, 2017, Thermo-economic and primary-energy-factor assessment based on the field test of an air-to-water heat pump, Int J Refrig, 76, 19, 10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2017.02.003 Poredoša P, Vidriha B, Duha T, Kitanovskia A, Poredoša A. Eligibility of a Heat Pump Based on the Primary Energy Factor; 2017. Stafford, 2017, An exploration of load-shifting potential in real in-situ heat-pump/gas-boiler hybrid systems, Build Serv Eng Res Technol, 38, 450, 10.1177/0143624416688727 Neyer, 2018 UNI, 2002, UNI EN 12309-1: 2002, Gas-fired absorption and adsorption air-conditioning and/or heat pump appliances with a net heat input not exceeding 70kW, UNI (IT). Lin, 2021, Environmental life cycle assessment of heating systems in the UK: Comparative assessment of hybrid heat pumps vs. condensing gas boilers, Energy Build, 240, 10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110865 Sevindik, 2020, Life Cycle Assessment of Domestic Heat Pumps with Gas Boilers and Hybrid Scenario Analysis in the UK, ICEESEN Claridge, 1987, A validation study of variable-base degree-day heating calculations, ASHRAE Trans, 93, 57 Chen, 2020, Thermodynamic performance analysis and multi-criteria optimization of a hybrid combined heat and power system coupled with geothermal energy, Energy Convers Manage, 210, 10.1016/j.enconman.2020.112741 Amirkhizi TS, Jensen IG. Cost comparison and optimization of gas electric hybrid heat pumps.Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment,9(3), e370. The role and potential of hybrid heat pump in an existing Dutch house, BECKUIS; 2020. Alavy, 2021, Assessment of a novel phase change material-based thermal caisson for geothermal heating and cooling, Energy Convers Manage, 234, 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.113928 Martínez-Gracia, 2021, Exergy assessment and thermo-economic analysis of hybrid solar systems with seasonal storage and heat pump coupling in the social housing sector in zaragoza, Energies, 14, 1279, 10.3390/en14051279 Kotas, 1985 Naumann, 2022, Life cycle assessment of an air-source heat pump and a condensing gas boiler using an attributional and a consequential approach, Procedia CIRP, 105, 351, 10.1016/j.procir.2022.02.058