Electric-field-induced generation and reversal of ferromagnetic moment in ferrites

Katine, J. A., Albert, F. J., Buhrman, R. A., Myers, E. B. & Ralph, D. C. Current-driven magnetization reversal and spin-wave excitations in Co/Cu/Co Pillars. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3149–3152 (2000).

Chappert, C., Fert, A. & Dau, F. N. V. The emergence of spin electronics in data storage. Nature Mater. 6, 813–823 (2007).

Fiebig, M. Revival of the magnetoelectric effect. J. Phys. D 38, R123–R152 (2005).

Cheong, S-W. & Mostovoy, M. Multiferroics: A magnetic twist for ferroelectricity. Nature Mater. 6, 13–20 (2007).

Ramesh, R. & Spaldin, N. A. Multiferroics: Progress and prospects in thin films. Nature Mater. 6, 21–29 (2007).

Tokura, Y. Multiferroics-toward strong coupling between magnetism and polarization in a solid. J. Magn. Magn. Matter 310, 1145–1150 (2007).

Kleemann, W. Switching magnetism with electric fields. Physics 2, 105 (2009).

Tokura, Y. & Seki, S. Multiferroics with spiral spin orders. Adv. Mater. 22, 1554–1565 (2010).

Kita, E., Tasaki, A. & Siratori, K. Application of SQUID magnetometer to the measurement of magnetoelectric effect in Cr2O3 . Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 18, 1361–1366 (1979).

Ohno, H. et al. Electric-field control of ferromagnetism. Nature 408, 944–946 (2000).

Yamada, Y. et al. Electrically induced ferromagnetism at room temperature in cobalt-doped titanium dioxide. Science 332, 1065–1067 (2011).

Chiba, D. et al. Magnetization vector manipulation by electric fields. Nature 455, 515–518 (2009).

Weisheit, M. et al. Electric field-induced modification of magnetism in thin-film ferromagnets. Science 19, 349–351 (2007).

Wang, Y., Hu, J., Lin, Y. & Nan, C-W. Multiferroic magnetoelectric composite nanostructures. NPG Asia Mater. 2, 61–68 (2010).

Sahoo, S. et al. Ferroelectric control of magnetism in BaTiO3/Fe heterostructures via interface strain coupling. Phys. Rev. B 76, 092108 (2007).

Geprägs, S., Brandlmaier, A., Opel, M., Gross, R. & Goennenwein, S. T. B. Electric field controlled manipulation of the magnetization in Ni/BaTiO3 hybrid structures. Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 142509 (2010).

Chen, X., Hochstrat, A., Borisov, P. & Kleemann, W. Magnetoelectric exchange bias systems in spintronics. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 202508 (2006).

He, X. et al. Robust isothermal electric control of exchange bias at room temperature. Nature Mater. 9, 579–585 (2010).

Chu, Y-H. et al. Electric-field control of local ferromagnetism using a magnetoelectric multiferroic. Nature Mater. 7, 478–482 (2008).

Lebeugle, D., Mougin, A., Viret, M., Colson, D. & Ranno, D. Electric field switching of the magnetic anisotropy of a ferromagnetic layer exchange coupled to the multiferroic compound BiFeO3 . Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 257601 (2009).

Heron, J. T. et al. Electric-field-induced magnetization reversal in a ferromagnet–multiferroic heterostructure. Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 217202 (2011).

Ascher, E., Rieder, H., Schmid, H. & Stössel, H. Some properties of ferromagnetoelectric nickel–iodine boracite, Ni3B7O13I. J. Appl. Phys. 37, 1404–1405 (1966).

Murakawa, H., Onose, Y., Miyahara, S., Furukawa, N. & Tokura, Y. Ferroelectricity induced by spin-dependent metal-ligand hybridization in Ba2CoGe2O7 . Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 137202 (2010).

Saito, M., Ishikawa, K., Konno, S., Taniguchi, K. & Arima, T. Periodic rotation of magnetization in a non-centrosymmetric soft magnet induced by an electric field. Nature Mater. 8, 634–638 (2009).

Lottermoser, T. et al. Magnetic phase control by an electric field. Nature 430, 541–544 (2004).

Choi, Y. J., Zhang, C. L., Lee, N. & Cheong, S-W. Cross-control of magnetization and polarization by electric and magnetic fields with competing multiferroic and weak-ferromagnetic phases. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 097201 (2010).

Chun, S. H. et al. Electric field control of nonvolatile four-state magnetization at room temperature. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 177201 (2012).

Logginov, A. S., Meshkov, G. A., Nikolaev, A. V. & Pyatakov, A. P. Magnetoelectric control of domain walls in a ferrite garnet film. JETP Lett. 86, 115–118 (2007).

Logginov, A. S. et al. Room temperature magnetoelectric control of micromagnetic structure in iron garnet films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 182510 (2008).

Dzyaloshinskii, I. A thermodynamic theory of weak ferromagnetism of antiferromagnetics. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 4, 241–255 (1958).

Moriya, T. Anisotropic superexchange interaction and weak ferromagnetism. Phys. Rev. 120, 91–98 (1960).

Fennie, C. J. Ferroelectrically induced weak ferromagnetism by design. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 167203 (2008).

Benedek, N. A. & Fennie, C. J. Hybrid improper ferroelectricity: A mechanism for controllable polarization–magnetization coupling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 107204 (2011).

Yamaguchi, T. & Tsushima, K. Magnetic symmetry of rare-earth orthochromites and orthoferrites. Phys. Rev. B 8, 5187–5198 (1973).

Zvezdin, A. K. & Mukhin, A. A. Magnetoelectric interactions and phase transitions in a new class of multiferroics with improper electric polarization. JETP Lett. 88, 505–510 (2008).

Tokunaga, Y. et al. Composite domain walls in a multiferroic perovskite ferrite. Nature Mater. 8, 558–562 (2009).

Bertaut, E. F. in Magnetism Vol. 3 (eds Rado, G. T. & Suhl, H) 149–209 (Academic, 1963).

Tokunaga, Y., Iguchi, S., Arima, T. & Tokura, Y. Magnetic-field-induced ferroelectric state in DyFeO3 . Phys. Rev. Lett 101, 097205 (2008).

Bertaut, E. F., Chappert, J., Mareschal, J., Rebouillat, J. P. & Sivardière, J. Structures magnetiques de TbFeO3 . Solid. State Commun. 5, 293–298 (1967).

Bourée, J. E. & Hammann, J. Mise en évidence expérimentale des effects de forme dans l’orthoferrite de terbium. J. Phys. 36, 391–397 (1975).