Einfluss des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 62 Số 9 - Trang 772-780 - 2022
Sabine Popp1, Thomas Mang1, Martina Scharitzer1
1Universitätsklinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090, Wien, Österreich

Tóm tắt

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Nikotin ist ein hochwirksames Suchtgift, das bei regelmäßiger Einnahme chronische oder unheilbare Erkrankungen und somit eine eingeschränkte Lebensqualität zur Folge haben kann. Fragestellung Das Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit besteht darin, mögliche gesundheitliche Folgen des Rauchens auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt aufzuzeigen und einen Überblick über raucherassoziierte neoplastische und nichtneoplastische gastrointestinale Erkrankungen zu geben. Material und Methode Anhand einer ausführlichen Literaturrecherche wird der aktuelle Wissensstand zu raucherassoziierten Folgen auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt dargestellt. Ergebnisse Rauchen ist ein wesentlicher Risikofaktor für die Entstehung neoplastischer und nichtneoplastischer Erkrankungen des gesamten Gastrointestinaltrakts. Diese weisen in der radiologischen Bildgebung allerdings keine spezifischen, raucherassoziierten Merkmale auf. Schlussfolgerung Die Kenntnis einer Raucheranamnese sowie möglicher Auswirkungen von Nikotin auf den Gastrointestinaltrakt können in der radiologischen Bildinterpretation hilfreich sein sowie die diagnostische Entscheidungsfähigkeit und Genauigkeit verbessern.

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