Efficient design of a wideband tunable microstrip filtenna for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems
Tóm tắt
This paper presents a novel design of a compact, wideband tunable microstrip filtenna system for effective spectrum sensing in cognitive radio (CR) applications. The proposed filtenna structure has a total bandwidth of
$$1.63\,\text{GHz}$$
and flexible frequency scanning design throughout the frequency range from
$$1.93\,\text{ to }\,3.56\,\text{ GHz}$$
with high selectivity and narrow bandwidths ranging from
$$39.9\,\text{to}53\,\text{MHz}$$
. Frequency tuning is accomplished electrically via integrating a varactor diode into the filtenna construction. The filtenna is realized on a Rogers TMM4 substrate with
$$h=1.52\,\text{mm}$$
thickness and relative dielectric constant of
$${\varepsilon }_{r}=4.5$$
with dimensions of
$$(25\times 35)\, {\text{mm}}^{2}$$
. The obtained gain and efficiency of the filtenna ranged from
$$0.7$$
to
$$2.26\,\text{dBi}$$
and 49% to 60%, respectively, within the tuning range. Simple biasing circuitry, wideband operation, and compact planar structure are distinctive and appealing aspects of the design. For the manufactured prototypes, a significant level of agreement is found between the simulated and measured results in terms of scattering parameter
$${\text{S}}_{11}$$
and radiation patterns at different operating frequencies.
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