Effects of the lipid regulating drug clofibric acid on PPARα-regulated gene transcript levels in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) at pharmacological and environmental exposure levels

Andersen, 2000, Multiple variants of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma are expressed in the liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), Gene, 255, 411, 10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00350-4

Bickley, 2009, Evaluation of a carp primary hepatocyte culture system for the assessment of chemicals with oestrogenic activity, Aquat. Toxicol., 94, 195, 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.07.006

Boukouvala, 2004, Molecular characterization of three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors from the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Lipids, 39, 1085, 10.1007/s11745-004-1334-z

Bradford, 1976, A rapid and sensitive method for quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing principle of protein-dye binding, Anal. Biochem., 72, 248, 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3

Buser, 1998, Occurrence of the pharmaceutical drug clofibric acid and the herbicide mecoprop in various Swiss lakes and in the North Sea, Environ. Sci. Technol., 32, 188, 10.1021/es9705811

Cajaraville, 2003, Peroxisome proliferation as a biomarker in environmental pollution assessment, Microsc. Res. Tech., 61, 191, 10.1002/jemt.10329

Chomczynski, 1993, A reagent for the single-step simultaneous isolation of RNA, DNA and proteins from cell and tissue samples, BioTechniques, 15, 532

Cocci, 2013, Effects of 4-nonylphenol on hepatic gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and cytochrome P450 isoforms (CYP1A1 and CYP3A4) in juvenile sole (Solea solea), Chemosphere, 93, 1176, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.058

Colliar, 2011, Tributyltin is a potent inhibitor of piscine peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and β, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 153C, 168

Corcoran, 2012, Effects of pharmaceuticals on the expression of genes involved in detoxification in a carp primary hepatocyte model, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 6306, 10.1021/es3005305

Donohue, 1993, Effect of hypolipidemic drugs gemfibrozil ciprofibrate, and clofibric acid on peroxisomal β-oxidation in primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 26, 127, 10.1006/eesa.1993.1044

Emblidge, 2006, Preliminary risk assessment of the lipid-regulating pharmaceutical clofibric acid: for three estuarine species, Environ. Res., 100, 216, 10.1016/j.envres.2005.03.014

Filby, 2005, Molecular characterization of estrogen receptors 1, 2a, and 2b and their tissue and ontogenic expression profiles in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), Biol. Reprod., 73, 648, 10.1095/biolreprod.105.039701

Fridovich, 1975, Superoxide dismutases, Annu. Rev. Biochem., 44, 147, 10.1146/annurev.bi.44.070175.001051

Gibson, 1993, Peroxisome proliferators – paradigms and prospects, Toxicol. Lett., 68, 193, 10.1016/0378-4274(93)90130-P

Hardwick, 2008, Cytochrome P450 omega hydroxylase (CYP4) function in fatty acid metabolism and metabolic diseases, Biochem. Pharmacol., 75, 2263, 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.03.004

He, 2012, Identification organ expression and ligand-dependent expression levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 155C, 381

Heberer, 1995, Analysis of phenoxycarboxylic acids and other acidic compounds in tap ground, surface and sewage water at the low ng/l level, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 58, 43, 10.1080/03067319508033111

Heberer, 1997, Determination of clofibric acid and N-(phenylsulfonyl)-sarcosine in sewage: river and drinking water, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 67, 113, 10.1080/03067319708031398

Ibabe, 2002, Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in zebrafish (Danio rerio), Histochem. Cell Biol., 118, 231, 10.1007/s00418-002-0434-y

Ibabe, 2004, Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the liver of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus), Acta Histochem., 106, 11, 10.1016/j.acthis.2003.09.002

Kersten, 2008, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors and lipoprotein metabolism, PPAR Res., 2008, 132960, 10.1155/2008/132960

Leaver, 2005, Three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor isotypes from each of two species of marine fish, Endocrinology, 146, 3150, 10.1210/en.2004-1638

Leaver, 2007, Multiple peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β subtypes from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), J. Mol. Endocrinol., 38, 391, 10.1677/JME-06-0043

Levi, 2009, Revealing genes associated with vitellogenesis in the liver of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) by transcriptome profiling, BMC Genomics, 10, 141, 10.1186/1471-2164-10-141

Li, 2009, Regulation of bile acid and cholesterol metabolism by PPARs, PPAR Res., 2009, 501739, 10.1155/2009/501739

Liu, 2005, A teleost in vitro reporter gene assay to screen for agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 24, 2260, 10.1897/04-405R.1

Lyssimachou, 2014, Gemfibrozil modulates cytochrome P450 and peroxisome proliferation-inducible enzymes in the liver of the yellow European eel (Anguilla anguilla), Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 21, 862, 10.1007/s11356-013-1944-y

Maglich, 2003, The first completed genome sequence from a teleost fish (Fugu rubripes) adds significant diversity to the nuclear receptor superfamily, Nucleic Acids Res., 31, 4051, 10.1093/nar/gkg444

Mandard, 2004, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α target genes, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 61, 393, 10.1007/s00018-003-3216-3

Mimeault, 2005, The human lipid regulator, gemfibrozil bioconcentrates and reduces testosterone in the goldfish Carassius auratus, Aquat. Toxicol., 73, 44, 10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.01.009

Oruc, 2004, Tissue-specific oxidative stress responses in fish exposed to 2 4-D and azinphosmethyl, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 137C, 43

Owen, 2010, The value of repeating studies and multiple controls: replicated 28-day growth studies of rainbow trout exposed to clofibric acid, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 29, 2831, 10.1002/etc.351

Poosch, 1986, Determination of peroxisomal fatty acyl-coA oxidase activity using a lauroyl-coA-based fluorometric assay, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 884, 585, 10.1016/0304-4165(86)90211-4

Porte-Visa, 2005, Biomarkers in environmental assessment

Post, 2001, Fibrates suppress bile acid synthesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α-mediated downregulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase and sterol 27-hydroxylase expression, Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 21, 1840, 10.1161/hq1101.098228

Prindiville, 2011, The fibrate drug gemfibrozil disrupts lipoprotein metabolism in rainbow trout, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 251, 201, 10.1016/j.taap.2010.12.013

Pullinger, 2002, Human cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) deficiency has a hypercholesterolemic phenotype, J. Clin. Invest., 110, 109, 10.1172/JCI0215387

Rao, 1991, An overview of peroxisome proliferator-induced hepatocarcinogenesis, Environ. Health Perspect., 93, 205, 10.1289/ehp.9193205

Regenthal, 1999, Drug levels: therapeutic and toxic serum/plasma concentrations of common drugs, J. Clin. Monitor. Comput., 15, 529, 10.1023/A:1009935116877

Runnalls, 2007, Preliminary studies into the effects of the human pharmaceutical clofibric acid on sperm parameters in adult fathead minnow, Aquat. Toxicol., 84, 111, 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.06.005

Ruyter, 1997, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): effects on PPAR transcription and acyl-CoA oxidase activity in hepatocytes by peroxisome proliferators and fatty acids, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1348, 331, 10.1016/S0005-2760(97)00080-5

Scarano, 1994, Evaluation of a rodent peroxisome proliferator in two species of freshwater fish: rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf., 29, 13, 10.1016/0147-6513(94)90026-4

Simpson, 1997, The cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) family, Gen. Pharmacol., 28, 351, 10.1016/S0306-3623(96)00246-7

Singh, 2011, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARS): a target with a broad therapeutic potential for human diseases: an overview, Pharmacologyonline, 2, 58

Staels, 1998, Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, Circulation, 98, 2088, 10.1161/01.CIR.98.19.2088

Stan, 1994, Occurrence of clofibric acid in the aquatic system: is the use in human medical care the source of the contamination of surface, ground and drinking water?, Vom Wasser, 83, 57

Stan, 1992, Identification of 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methyl-propionic acid in groundwater with GC–AED and GC–MS, Vom Wasser, 79, 75

Ternes, 1998, Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers, Water Res., 32, 3245, 10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00099-2

Tixier, 2003, Occurrence and fate of carbamazepine clofibric acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen in surface waters, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 1061, 10.1021/es025834r

Torra, 2002, Characterization of the human PPARα promoter: identification of a functional nuclear receptor response element, Mol. Endocrinol., 16, 1013

Urbatzka, 2013, Tissue expression of PPAR-alpha isoforms in Scophthalmus maximus and transcriptional response of target genes in the heart after exposure to WY-14643, Fish Physiol. Biochem., 39, 1043, 10.1007/s10695-012-9761-7

Varanasi, 1996, Identification of a peroxisome proliferator-responsive element upstream of the human peroxisomal fatty acyl coenzyme A oxidase gene, J. Biol. Chem., 271, 2147, 10.1074/jbc.271.4.2147

Venkatachalam, 2012, Tissue-specific differential induction of duplicated fatty acid-binding protein genes by the peroxisome proliferator, clofibrate, in zebrafish (Danio rerio), BMC Evol. Biol., 12, 112, 10.1186/1471-2148-12-112

Vogel, 2012, Insights into the regulation of protein abundance from proteomic and transcriptomic analyses, Nat. Rev. Genet., 13, 227, 10.1038/nrg3185

Vu-Dac, 1998, The nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and Rev-erbα mediate the species-specific regulation of apolipoprotein A-I expression by fibrates, J. Biol. Chem., 273, 25713, 10.1074/jbc.273.40.25713

Wang, 2010, Chronic treatment with fibrates elevates superoxide dismutase in adult mouse brain microvessels, Brain Res., 1359, 247, 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.08.075

Weston, 2009, Effects of lipid-lowering pharmaceuticals bezafibrate and clofibric acid on lipid metabolism in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 28, 2648, 10.1897/09-087.1

Williams, 2008, Genomic resources and microarrays for the common carp Cyprinus carpio L, J. Fish Biol., 72, 2095, 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01875.x

Winkler, 2001, Selective degradation of ibuprofen and clofibric acid in two model river biofilm systems, Water Res., 35, 3197, 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00026-4

Yang, 1990, Induction of peroxisome proliferation in rainbow trout exposed to ciprofibrate, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 104, 476, 10.1016/0041-008X(90)90169-U

Yoo, 1999, Induction of the rat Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase gene through the peroxisome proliferator-responsive element by arachidonic acid, Gene, 234, 87, 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00176-6

Yu, 2007, The importance of bottlenecks in protein networks: correlation with gene essentiality and expression dynamics, PLoS Comput. Biol., 3, 713, 10.1371/journal.pcbi.0030059

Zorita, 2008, Selective determination of acidic pharmaceuticals in wastewater using molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction, Anal. Chim. Acta, 626, 147, 10.1016/j.aca.2008.07.051

Zuccato, 2000, Presence of therapeutic drugs in the environment, Lancet, 355, 1789, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02270-4