Effects of plant roots on soil preferential pathways and soil matrix in forest ecosystems
Tóm tắt
To characterize effects of plant roots on preferential flow (PF), we measured root length density (RLD) and root biomass (RB) in Jiufeng National Forest Park, Beijing, China. Comparisons were made for RLD and RB between soil preferential pathways and soil matrices. RLD and RB declined with the increasing soil depth (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, 40–50, 50–60 cm) in all experimental plots. RLD was greater in soil preferential pathways than in the surrounding soil matrix and was 69.5, 75.0 and 72.2 % for plant roots of diameter (d) <1, 1 < d < 3 and 3 < d < 5 mm, respectively. Fine root systems had the most pivotal influence on soil preferential flow in this forest ecosystem. In all experimental plots, RB content was the sum of RB from soil preferential pathways and the soil matrix in each soil depth. With respect to 6 soil depth gradient (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, 40–50, 50–60 cm) in each plot, the number of soil depth gradient that RB content was greater in soil preferential pathways than in the soil matrix was characterized, and the proportion was 68.2 % in all plots.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Aber JD, Melillo JM, Nadelhoffer KJ, McClaugherty CA, Paster J (1985) Fine root turnover in forest ecosystems in relation to quantity and form of nitrogen availability: a comparison of two methods. Oecologia (Berlin) 66:317–321
Angers DA, Caron J (1998) Plant-induced changes in soil structure: processes and feedbacks. Biogeochemistry 42:55–72
Backnäs S, Laine-Kaulio H, Kløve B (2012) Phosphorus forms and related soil chemistry in preferential flow paths and the soil matrix of a forested podzolic till soil profile. Geoderma 189–190:50–64
Bengough AG (2012) Water dynamics of the root zone: rhizosphere biophysics and its control on soil hydrology. Vadose Zone J 11(2), doi: 10.2136/vzj2011.0111
Beven K, Germann P (1982) Macropores and water flow in soils. Water Resour Res 18:1311–1325
Bogner C, Wolf B, Schlather M, Huwe B (2008) Analysing flow patterns from dye tracer experiments in a forest soil using extreme value statistics. Eur J Soil Sci 59:103–113
Bogner C, Gaul D, Kolb A, Schmiedinger I, Huwe B (2010) Investigating flow mechanisms in a forest soil by mixed-effects modeling. Eur J Soil Sci 61:1079–1090
Bottner P, Pansu M, Sallih Z (1999) Modelling the effect of active roots on soil organic matter turnover. Plant Soil 216:15–25
Brassard BW, Chen HYH, Bergeron Y, Pare D (2011) Coarse root biomass allometric equations for Abies balsamea, Picea mariana, Pinus banksiana, and Populus tremuloides in the boreal forest of Ontario, Canada. Biomass Bioenergy 35:4189–4196
Bundt M, Widmer F, Pesaro M, Zeyer J, Blaser P (2001) Preferential flow paths: biological ‘hotspots’ in soils. Soil Biol Biochem 33(6):729–738
Cairns MA, Brown S, Helmer EH, Baumgardner GA (1997) Root biomass allocation in the world’s upland forests. Oecologia 111:1–11
Castellanos J, Jaramillo VJ, Sanford RL Jr, Kauffman JB (2001) Slash-and-burn effects on fine root biomass and productivity in a tropical dry forest in México. For Ecol Manag 148:41–50
Ceccon C, Panzacchi P, Scandellari F, Prandi L, Ventura M, Russo B, Millard P, Tagliavini M (2011) Spatial and temporal effects of soil temperature and moisture and the relation to fine root density on root and soil respiration in a mature apple orchard. Plant Soil 342:195–206
Dušek J, Vogel T, Lichner L, Dohnal M, Čipáková A (2006) Simulated cadmium transport in macroporous soil during heavy rainstorm using dual-permeability approach. Biologia 61:S251–S254
Edwards WM, Norton LD, Redmond CE (1988) Characterizing macropores that affect infiltration into nontilled soil. Soil Sci Soc Am J 52:483–487
Finér L, Ohashi M, Noguchi K, Hirano Y (2011) Fine root production and turnover in forest ecosystems in relation to stand and environmental characteristics. For Ecol Manag 262:2008–2023
Fogel R (1983) Root turnover and productivity of coniferous forest. Plant Soil 71:75–85
Ghestem M, Sidle RC, Stokes A (2011) The influence of plant root systems on subsurface flow: implications for slope stability. Bioscience 61:869–879
Glab T (2013) Impact of soil compaction on root development and yield of meadow-grass. Int Agrophys 27:7–13
Hagedorn F, Bundt M (2002) The age of preferential flow paths. Geoderma 108:119–132
Helmisaari HS, Derome J, Nöjd P, Kukkola M (2007) Fine root biomass in relation to site and stand characteristics in Norway spruce and Scots pine stands. Tree Physiol 27:1493–1504
Himmelbauer ML, Loiskandl W, Kastanek F (2004) Estimating length, average diameter and surface area of roots using two different image analyses systems. Plant Soil 260:111–120
Himmelbauer ML, Loiskandl W, Rousseva S (2010) Spatial root distribution and water uotake of maize grown on field with subsoil compaction. J Hydrol Hydromech 58:163–174
Hsieh YP, Yang CH (1992) A method for quantifying living roots of Spartina (Cordgrass) and Juncus (Needlerush). Estuaries Coasts 15(3):414–419
Hu B, Han CL, Jia Y, Zhao ZH, Li FM, Siddique KHM (2013) Visualization of the three-dimensional water-flow paths in calcareous soil using iodide water tracer. Geoderma 200–201:85–89
Jackson RB, Mooney HA, Schulze ED (1997) A global budget for fine root biomass, surface area and nutrient contents. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94:7362–7366
Jarvis NJ, Moeys J, Koestel J, Hollis JM (2012) Preferential flow in a pedological perspective. Hydropedology, 75–120
Jørgensen PR, Hoffmann M, Kistrup JP, Bryde C, Bossi R, Villholth KG (2002) Preferential flow and pesticide transport in a clay-rich till: field, laboratory, and modeling analysis. Water Resour Res 38:1246–1261
Kurz WA, Beukema SJ, Apps MJ (1996) Estimation of root biomass and dynamics for the carbon budget model of the Canadian forest sector. Can J For Res 26:1973–1979
Legout A, Nys C, Picard JF, Turpault MP, Dambrine E (2009) Effects of storm lothar (1999) on the chemicalo composition of soil solution and on herbaceous cover, humus and soils (Fougeres, France). For Ecol Mang 257:800–810
Leuschner C, Hertel D (2003) Fine root biomass of temperate forests in relation to soil acidity and fertility, climate, age and species. Prog Bot 64:405–438
Li YM, Ghodrati M (1994) Preferential transport of nitrate through soil columns containing root channels. Soil Sci Soc Am J 58(3):653–659
Li X, Niu JZ, Xie BY (2013) Study on hydrological functions of litter layers in North China. PLoS One 8(7):e70328. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0070328
Lipiec J, Medvedev VV, Birkas M, Dumitru E, Lyndina TE, Rousseva S, Fulajtar E (2003) Effect of soil compaction on root growth and crop yield in Central and Eastern Europe. Int Agrophys 17:61–69
Livesley SJ, Stacey CL, Gregory PJ, Buresh RJ (1999) Sieve size effects on root length and biomass measurements of maize (Zea mays) and Grevillea robusta. Plant Soil 207:183–193
López B, Sabaté S, Gracia CA (2001) Annual and seasonal changes in fine root biomass of a Quercus ilex L. forest. Plant Soil 230:125–134
Makkonen K, Helmisaari HS (2001) Fine root biomass and production in Scots pine stands in relation to stand age. Tree Physiol 21:193–198
Mitchell AR, Ellsworth TR, Meek BD (1995) Effect of root systems on preferential flow in swelling soil. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 26:2655–2666
Mosaddeghi MR, Mahboubi AA, Safadoust A (2009) Short-term effects of tillage and manure on some soil physical properties and maize root growth in a sandy loam soil in western Iran. Soil Tillage Res 104:173–179
Noguchi S, Tsuboyama Y, Sidle RC, Hosoda I (1997) Spatially distributed morphological characteristics of macropores in forest soils of Hitachi Ohta Experimental Watershed, Japan. J For Res 2:207–215
Persson H (2000) Adaptive tactics and characteristics of tree fine roots. Dev Plant Soil Sci 33:337–346
Price JS, Hendrick RL (1998) Fine root length production, mortality and standing root crop dynamics in an intensively managed sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) coppice. Plant Soil 205:193–201
Raizada A, Jayaprakash J, Rathore AC, Tomar JMS (2013) Distribution of fine root biomass of fruit and forest tree species raised on old river bed lands in the north west Himalaya. Trop Ecol 54(2):251–261
Santantonio D, Hermann RK, Overton WS (1977) Root biomass studies in forest ecosystems. Pedobiologia 17:1–31
Steudle E (1994) Water transport across roots. Plant Soil 167:79–90
Stokes A, Atger C, Bengough AG, Fourcaud T, Sidle RC (2009) Desirable plant root traits for protecting natural and engineered slopes against landslides. Plant Soil 324:1–30
Tippkütter R (1983) Morphology, spatial arrangement and origin of macropores in some Hapludalfs, West Germany. Geoderma 29:355–371
Tracy SR, Black CR, Roberts JA, Mooney SJ (2011) Soil compaction: a review of past and present techniques for investigating effects on root growth. J Sci Food Agric 91:1528–1537
Tufekcioglu A, Raich JW, Isenhart TM, Schultz RC (1999) Fine root dynamics, coarse root biomass, root distribution, and soil respiration in a multispecies riparian buffer in Central Iowa, USA. Agrofor Syst 44:163–174
Vanninen P, Mäkelä A (1999) Fine root biomass of Scots pine stands differing in age and soil fertility in southern Finland. Tree Physiol 19:823–830
Vogt KA, Vogt DJ, Palaiotto PA, Boon P, O′Hara J, Asbjornsen H (1996) Review of root dynamics in forest ecosystems grouped by climate, climatic forest type and species. Plant Soil 187:159–219
Volkmar KM (1993) A comparison of minirhizotron techniques for estimating root length density in soils of different bulk density. Plant Soil 157:239–245
Yan HF, Li K, Ding H, Liao CS, Li XX, Yuan LX, Li CJ (2011) Root morphological and proteomic responses to growth restriction in maize plants supplied with sufficient N. J Plant Physiol 168:1067–1075