Effects of pesticides on division of two lepidopteran cell lines and onAutographa Californica MNPV development in TN368 cells
Tóm tắt
The concentration of each of 10 pesticides (azinphosmethyl, captan, carbaryl, chlordimedorm, dichlorvos, dimenthoate, fenvalerate, methomyl, methyl parathion, trichlorfon) causing a 50% inhibition (ID50) in cell number relative to an untreated culture for a time period equal to four cell doublings was determined for the TN368 and IPLB-HZ1075 cell lines. The range of ID50 values with either of the cell lines was similar, with captan being most toxic within an ID50 range of 5 to 6 μM/2×105 cells/ml, and methomyl least toxic within a range of 2900 to 3200 μM/2×105 cells/ml. Yet there were significant differences between cell lines in pesticide susceptibility. Fenvalerate, dichlorvos, and chlordimeform were 16, 3, and 1.5 times more toxic, respectively, for TN368 cells than HZ1075 cells, whereas dimethoate and carbaryl were each 2 times more toxic for HZ1075 cells. In general, increasing toxicity paralleled decreasing water solubility, although the order of the pesticides varied somewhat according to the particular cell line and medium. Moreover, there was little aberrant cell morphology in either of the cell cultures during incubation with most of the pesticides at their ID50 levels. Preincubation of TN368 cells with any one of seven different pesticideis before inoculation withAutographa californica MNPV, and subsequent incubation of infected cells in medium plus pesticide, did not significantly suppress polyhedra development except for trichlorfon-incubated cells. In addition, there was a small but consistent variation from control cells in extracellular virus titers assayed from two of five of the pesticide incubations. The titer was consistently depressed with trichlorfon and elevated with fenvalerate, however, further work is required to determine the biological significance of these differences.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Brown, M.; Faulkner, P. Factors affecting the yield of virus in a cloned cell line ofTrichoplusia ni infected with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 26:251–257; 1975.
Chapman, A. J.; Ignoffo, C. M. Influence of rate and spray volume of a nucleopolyhedrosis virus on control ofHeliothis in cotton. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 20:183–186; 1972.
Chen, T. R. In situ detection of mycoplasma contamination in cell cultures by fluorescent Hoechst 33258 stain. Exp. Cell Res. 104: 255–262; 1977.
Gabliks, J. Insecticidal compounds: Effects on replication of vaccine and polio viruses in human Chang-strain liver cells. Arch. Environ. Health (Chicago) 14:698–702; 1967.
Gabliks, J; Friedman, L. Effects of insecticides on mammalian cells and virus infections. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 160:254–271; 1969.
GeHig, Russell R.Heliothis spp. baculoviruses: genetic characterization of geographical isolates, in vitro replication and molecular cloning. Ph.D. thesis. Penn. State Univ. 192 p. 1983.
Georghiou, G. P.; Taylor, C. B. Pesticide resistance as an evolutionary phenomenon. In: Proceedings 15th International Congress Entomology. College Park, MD: Entomol. Soc. of America; 1976:759–785.
Goodwin, R. H. Insect cell culture: improved media and methods for initiating attached cell lines from the lepidoptera. In Vitro 11:369–378; 1975.
Goodwin, R. H.; Tompkins, B. J.; Gettig, R. R. The characterization and culture of virus replicating continuous insect cell lines from the bollworm,Heliothis zea (Boddie). In Vitro 18:843–850; 1982.
Hink, W. F. Established insect cell line from the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni. Nature 226:466–470; 1970.
Jacques, R. P. Tests on microbial and chemical insecticides for control ofTrichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) andPieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) on cabbage. Can. Entomol. 105:21–27; 1973.
Jacques, R. P.; Laing, D. R. Efficacy of mixtures ofBacillus thuringiensis, viruses and chlordimeform against insects on cabbage. Can. Entomol. 110:443–448; 1978.
Litterst, C. L.; Lichtenstein, E. P.; Kijiwara, K. Effects of insecticides on growth of HeLa cell. J. Agric. Food Chem. 17:1199–1203; 1969.
McGarr, R. L.; Ignoffo, C. M. Control ofHeliothis spp. with a nuclear polyhedrosis virus, EPN, and two newer insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol. 59:1284–1285; 1966.
Morris, O. N.; Armstrong, J. A.; Howse, G. W.; Cunningham, J. C. A 2-year study of virus-chemical insecticide combination in the integrated control of the spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana (Tortricidae: Lepidoptera). Can. Entomol. 106:813–824; 1974.
Morris, O. N. Long-term effects of aerial appliations of virus-fenitrothion combinations against the spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Can. Entomol. 109:9–14; 1977.
Myrth, B. C. A screen for pesticide toxicity to protein and RNA synthesis in HeLa cells. J. Agric. Food Chem. 21:362–367; 1973.
O'Brien, R. D. Insecticides: Action and Metabolism. New York: Academic Press; 1967:73.
Pfrimmer, T. R.Heliothis spp.: Control on cotton with pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates, and biological insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol. 72:593–598; 1979.
Vail, P. V.; Seay, R. E.; DeBolt, J. Microbial and chemical control of the cabbage looper on fall lettuce. J. Econ. Entomol. 73:72–75; 1980.