Effects of number of items and visual display variability onsame-different discrimination behavior

Memory and Cognition - Tập 34 - Trang 1689-1703 - 2006
Leyre Castro1, Michael E. Young2, Edward A. Wasserman1
1Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City
2Southern Illinois University, Carbondale

Tóm tắt

We explored college students’ discrimination of complex visual stimuli that involved multiple-item displays. The items in each of the displays could be all the same, all different, or diverse mixtures of some same and some different items. The participants had to learn which of two arbitrary responses was correct for each of the displays without being told about thesameness ordifferentness of the stimuli. We observed a general improvement in discrimination performance—a rise in choice accuracy and a fall in reaction time—as the number of icons in the display was increased, even when the participants had been trained from the outset with displays containing different numbers of items and when smaller numbers of items were not randomly distributed but grouped in the center of the display. The participants’ discrimination behavior also depended on the mixture of same and different items in the displays. Striking individual differences in the participants’ discrimination behavior disclosed that people sometimes respond as do pigeons and baboons trained with a similar task. This and previous related research suggest that variability discrimination may lie at the root ofsame-different categorization behavior.

Tài liệu tham khảo

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