Effects of insulin on cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases - Tập 32 - Trang 1353-1360 - 2022
Edoardo Mannucci1, Giovanni Targher2, Besmir Nreu1, Basilio Pintaudi3, Riccardo Candido4, Andrea Giaccari5, Marco Gallo6, Matteo Monami1
1Diabetology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Italy
2Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Verona, Italy
3SSD Diabetes Unit, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
4Diabetes Centre District 3, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, Via Puccini 48/50, 34100, Trieste, Italy
5Centro per le Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS and Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
6Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy

Tài liệu tham khảo

Lleva, 2012, Glucose, blood pressure, and cardiovascular risk, Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 5, 145, 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.965046 Bethel, 2018, Cardiovascular outcomes with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 6, 105, 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30412-6 Mannucci, 2020, Exploring the heterogeneity of the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors in cardiovascular outcome trials. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 30, 71, 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.07.018 Mannucci, 2020, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without prior cardiovascular events: an updated meta-analysis and subgroup analysis of randomized controlled trials, Diabetes Obes Metabol, 22, 203, 10.1111/dom.13888 Monami, 2017, Effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on mortality and cardiovascular events: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Acta Diabetol, 54, 19, 10.1007/s00592-016-0892-7 Nreu, 2020, Major cardiovascular events, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation in patients treated with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 30, 1106, 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.03.013 Zelniker, 2019, Comparison of the effects of glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for prevention of major adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus, Circulation, 139, 2022, 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038868 Gamble, 2017, Association of insulin dosage with mortality or major adverse cardiovascular events: a retrospective cohort study, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 5, 43, 10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30316-3 Ekström, 2016, Cardiovascular safety of glucose-lowering agents as add-on medication to metformin treatment in type 2 diabetes: report from the Swedish National Diabetes Register, Diabetes Obes Metabol, 18, 990, 10.1111/dom.12704 Nyström, 2017, Second line initiation of insulin compared with DPP-4 inhibitors after metformin monotherapy is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and severe hypoglycemia, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 123, 199, 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.12.004 Roumie, 2014, Association between intensification of metformin treatment with insulin vs sulfonylureas and cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes, JAMA, 311, 2288, 10.1001/jama.2014.4312 Mannucci, 2017, Cardiovascular safety of insulin: between real-world data and reality, Diabetes Obes Metabol, 19, 1201, 10.1111/dom.12967 Gerstein, 2012, Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia, N Engl J Med, 367, 319, 10.1056/NEJMoa1203858 1998, Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group, Lancet, 352, 837, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07019-6 Erpeldinger, 2016, Efficacy and safety of insulin in type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials, BMC Endocr Disord, 16, 39, 10.1186/s12902-016-0120-z Price, 2015, Comparative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients taking different insulin regimens for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review, BMJ Open, 5, 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006341 Rados, 2021, All-cause mortality and cardiovascular safety of basal insulin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis, Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 173, 108688, 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108688 Guyatt, 2013, GRADE guidelines: 12. Preparing summary of findings tables-binary outcomes, J Clin Epidemiol, 66, 158, 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2012.01.012 Higgins, 2011, The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials, Br Med J Int Ed, 343, d5928, 10.1136/bmj.d5928 Nissen, 2007, Effect of rosiglitazone on the risk of myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes, N Engl J Med, 356, 2457, 10.1056/NEJMoa072761 Mannucci, 2010, Cardiac safety profile of rosiglitazone: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, Int J Cardiol, 143, 135, 10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.01.064 Mannucci, 2007, Rosiglitazone and cardiovascular risk, N Engl J Med, 357, 938 Arturi, 2017, Liraglutide improves cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure, Endocrine, 57, 464, 10.1007/s12020-016-1166-4 Blonde, 2015, Once-weekly dulaglutide versus bedtime insulin glargine, both in combination with prandial insulin lispro, in patients with type 2 diabetes (AWARD-4): a randomised, open-label, phase 3, non-inferiority study, Lancet, 385, 2057, 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60936-9 Gough, 2015, One-year efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a 26-week extension to a 26-week main trial, Diabetes Obes Metabol, 17, 965, 10.1111/dom.12498 Tuttle, 2018, Dulaglutide versus insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (AWARD-7): a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 6, 605, 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30104-9 1998, Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group, Lancet, 352, 854, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07037-8 Bunck, 2010, One-year treatment with exenatide vs. insulin glargine: effects on postprandial glycemia, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress, Atherosclerosis, 212, 223, 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.04.024 Diamant, 2014, Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist or bolus insulin with optimized basal insulin in type 2 diabetes, Diabetes Care, 37, 2763, 10.2337/dc14-0876 Giorgino, 2015, Efficacy and safety of once-weekly dulaglutide versus insulin glargine in patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin and glimepiride (AWARD-2), Diabetes Care, 38, 2241, 10.2337/dc14-1625 Inagaki, 2012, Clin Therapeut, 34, 1892, 10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.07.007 Jaiswal, 2015, Effects of exenatide on measures of diabetic neuropathy in subjects with type 2 diabetes: results from an 18-month proof-of-concept open-label randomized study, J Diabet Complicat, 29, 1287, 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.013 Nauck, 2007, A comparison of twice-daily exenatide and biphasic insulin aspart in patients with type 2 diabetes who were suboptimally controlled with sulfonylurea and metformin: a non-inferiority study, Diabetologia, 50, 259, 10.1007/s00125-006-0510-2 Alvarsson, 2010, Effects of insulin versus sulphonylurea on beta-cell secretion in recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients: a 6-year follow-up study, Rev Diabet Stud, 7, 225 Lingvay, 2019, Efficacy and safety of once-weekly semaglutide versus daily canagliflozin as add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 8): a double-blind, phase 3b, randomised controlled trial, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 7, 834, 10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30311-0 Weng, 2008, Effect of intensive insulin therapy on beta-cell function and glycaemic control in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a multicentre randomised parallel-group trial, Lancet, 371, 1753, 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60762-X Diamant, 2014, Exenatide once weekly versus insulin glargine for type 2 diabetes (DURATION-3): 3-year results of an open-label randomised trial, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2, 464, 10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70029-4 Kim, 2005, Anti-atherogenic effect of insulin in vivo, J Vasc Res, 42, 455, 10.1159/000088099 Mori, 2021, Roles of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells in the vasculoprotective effect of insulin in a mouse model of restenosis, Diabetes Vasc Dis Res, 18, 10.1177/14791641211027324 Eschwege, 1985, Coronary heart disease mortality in relation with diabetes, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels. The Paris Prospective Study, ten years later, Horm Metab Res Suppl, 15, 41 Oppenheimer, 1989, Downregulation of high-density lipoprotein receptor in human fibroblasts by insulin and IGF-I, Diabetes, 38, 117, 10.2337/diab.38.1.117 Pyöräla, 1979, Relationship of glucose tolerance and plasma insulin to the incidence of coronary heart disease: results from two population studies in Finland, Diabetes Care, 2, 131, 10.2337/diacare.2.2.131 Welborn, 1979, Coronary heart disease incidence and cardiovascular mortality in Busselton with reference to glucose and insulin concentrations, Diabetes Care, 2, 154, 10.2337/diacare.2.2.154 Stout, 1996, Hyperinsulinemia and atherosclerosis, Diabetes, 45, S45, 10.2337/diab.45.3.S45 Stout, 1975, Effect of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells, Circ Res, 36, 319, 10.1161/01.RES.36.2.319 Sasso, 2019, Adiponectin and insulin resistance are related to restenosis and overall new PCI in subjects with normal glucose tolerance: the prospective AIRE Study, Cardiovasc Diabetol, 18, 24, 10.1186/s12933-019-0826-0 Monami, 2021, Effect of metformin on all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 31, 699, 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.11.031 Dormandy, 2005, Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial in macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial, Lancet, 366, 1279, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67528-9 Nissen, 2008, Comparison of pioglitazone vs glimepiride on progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: the PERISCOPE randomized controlled trial, JAMA, 299, 1561, 10.1001/jama.299.13.1561 Vaccaro, 2017, Effects on the incidence of cardiovascular events of the addition of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin (TOSCA.IT): a randomised, multicentre trial, Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 5, 887, 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30317-0 Mannucci, 2008, Pioglitazone and cardiovascular risk. A comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials, Diabetes Obes Metabol, 10, 1221, 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00892.x Selvin, 2010, Glycated hemoglobin, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults, N Engl J Med, 362, 800, 10.1056/NEJMoa0908359 Turnbull, 2009, Intensive glucose control and macrovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes, Diabetologia, 52, 2288, 10.1007/s00125-009-1470-0 Mannucci, 2009, Prevention of cardiovascular disease through glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 19, 604, 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.03.021 Mannucci, 2017, Back to glycemic control: an alternative look at the results of cardiovascular outcome trials in type 2 diabetes, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 27, 375, 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.01.003 Mannucci, 2021, Efficacy and safety of different basal and prandial insulin analogues for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Endocrine, 10.1007/s12020-021-02889-6 Monami, 2021, Improvement of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis, 31, 2539, 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.010