Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domestic ruminants
Tóm tắt
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Adballa, 1993, Physiological responses to heat-induced hypothermia of pregnant and lactating ewes, Small Rumin. Res., 11, 125, 10.1016/0921-4488(93)90145-8
Albright, 1972, Effects of varying the environment upon performance of dairy cattle, J. Anim. Sci., 32, 566, 10.2527/jas1971.323566x
Allen, 1962, Responses of Zebu, Jersey and Zebu and Jersey crossbred heifers to rising temperatures with particular reference to sweating, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 13, 165, 10.1071/AR9620165
Baker, 1982, Brain cooling in endotherms in heat and exercise, Annu. Rev. Physiol., 44, 85, 10.1146/annurev.ph.44.030182.000505
Baker, 1989, Effect of dehydration and rehydration on thermoregulatory sweating in goats, J. Physiol. Lond., 417, 421, 10.1113/jphysiol.1989.sp017810
Beede, 1986, Potential nutritional strategies for intensively managed cattle during heat stress, J. Anim. Sci., 62, 543, 10.2527/jas1986.622543x
Berman, 1971, Thermoregulation in intensely lactating cows in near-natural conditions, J. Physiol. Lond., 215, 477, 10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009480
Berman, 1985, Upper critical temperatures and forced ventilation effects for high-yielding dairy cows in a subtropical climate, J. Dairy Sci., 68, 1488, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80987-5
Bianca, 1968, Thermoregulation, 97
Biggers, 1987, Effect of heat stress on early embryonic development in the beef cow, J. Anim. Sci., 64, 1512, 10.2527/jas1987.6451512x
Blazquez, 1994, Rate of discharge and morphology of sweat glands in the perineal, lumbodorsal and scrotal skin of cattle, Res. Vet. Sci., 57, 277, 10.1016/0034-5288(94)90118-X
Bond, 1955, The globe thermometer in agricultural research, Agric. Eng., 36, 251
Broom, 1992, Animal welfare: Its scientific measurement and current relevance to animal husbandry in Europe, 245
Broom, 1993
Buffington, 1983, Shade management systems to reduce heat stress for dairy cows in hot, humid climates, Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Eng., 26, 1798, 10.13031/2013.33845
Bunting, 1992, Effect of ruminal escape protein and fat on nitrogen utilization in lambs exposed to elevated ambient temperatures, J. Anim. Sci., 70, 1518, 10.2527/1992.7051518x
Cavestany, 1985, Effect of season and high environmental temperature on fertility of Holstein cattle, J. Dairy Sci., 68, 1471, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(85)80985-1
Cena, 1975, Transfer processes in animal coats. 1. Radiative transfer, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B, 188, 377, 10.1098/rspb.1975.0026
Chaiyabtur, 1990, Effect of prolonged exposure to the sun on body water turnover and volume of the blood in swamp buffaloes, Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 3, 47, 10.5713/ajas.1990.47
Chew, 1965, Water metabolism of mammals, Vol. 2, 43
Chiy, 1991, The effects of sodium chloride application to pasture or its direct supplementation on dairy cow production and grazing preference, Grass Forage Sci., 46, 325, 10.1111/j.1365-2494.1991.tb02237.x
Christison, 1972, Cortisol turnover in heat-stressed cows, J. Anim. Sci., 53, 1005, 10.2527/jas1972.3551005x
Collier, 1981, Shade management in subtropical environment for milk yield and composition in Holstein and Jersey cows, J. Dairy Sci., 64, 844, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(81)82656-2
Collins, 1968, Endocrinological aspects of exposure to high environmental temperature, Physiol. Rev., 48, 785, 10.1152/physrev.1968.48.4.785
Coppock, 1982, Lactating dairy cows responses to dietary sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate in hot weather, J. Dairy Sci., 65, 566, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(82)82234-0
Cummins, 1998, Bedding plays role in heat abatement, Dairy Herd Manag., 6, 20
Degen, 1978, Thermoregulation in fat-tailed Awassi, a desert sheep, and in German Mutton Merino, a mesic sheep, Physiol. Zool., 51, 333, 10.1086/physzool.51.4.30160957
Dollah, 1990, Alleviation of environmental heat stress for improvement of reproduction of exotic sheep in humid tropics, Vol. 3, 155
Dowling, 1955, The hair follicle and apocrine gland populations of Zebu (Bos indicus L.) and (Bos taurus L.) cattle skin, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 6, 645, 10.1071/AR9550645
DuBois, 1980, Increased incidence of retained placenta associated with heat in dairy cows, Theriogenology, 13, 115, 10.1016/0093-691X(80)90120-X
Esmay, 1969, 319
Ferguson, 1955, The functions of cattle sweat glands, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 6, 640, 10.1071/AR9550640
Finch, 1976, An assessment of the energy budget of Boran cattle, J. Therm. Biol., 1, 143, 10.1016/0306-4565(76)90004-8
Finch, 1984, Heat as a stress factor in herbivores under tropical conditions, 89
Finch, 1986, Body temperature in beef cattle: Its control and relevance to production in the tropics, J. Anim. Sci., 62, 531, 10.2527/jas1986.622531x
Findlay, 1950, The sweat glands and Ayrshire cattle, J. Agric. Sci. Camb., 40, 126, 10.1017/S0021859600045573
Gebremedhin, 1985, Heat exchange between livestock and the environment, Vol. 1, 15
Goetsch, 1999, Feed intake and digestion in the summer and fall by different breeds of ewes consuming forages differing in quality, Small Rumin. Res., 31, 109, 10.1016/S0921-4488(98)00127-8
Habeeb, 1992, Heat stress, 27
Hafez, 1968, Behavioral adaptation, 202
Hahn, 1999, Dynamic responses of cattle to thermal heat loads, J. Anim. Sci., 77, 10
Hales, 1974, Net energetic and thermoregulatory efficiency during panting in the sheep, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 49A, 413, 10.1016/0300-9629(74)90557-X
Hansen, 1999, Strategies for managing reproduction in the heat-stressed dairy cow, J. Anim. Sci., 77, 36
Holmes, 1986, Effect of chronic heat load during pregnancy on birth weight, behaviour and body composition of Australian feral goat kids, Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 18, 185, 10.1007/BF02359533
Igono, 1992, Environmental profile and critical temperature effects on milk production of Holstein cows in desert climate, Int. J. Biometeorol., 36, 77, 10.1007/BF01208917
Ingraham, 1979, Seasonal effects of tropical climate on shaded and nonshaded cows as measured by rectal temperature, adrenal cortex hormones, thyroid hormone, and milk production, Am. J. Vet. Res., 40, 1792
Ittner, 1951, Water consumption of Hereford and Brahman cattle and the effect of cooled drinking water in a hot climate, J. Anim. Sci., 10, 742, 10.2527/jas1951.103742x
1996, Vol. 18, S242
Johnson, 1980, Depressed chemical thermogenesis and hormonal functions in heat, 3
Johnson, 1976, Effects of environmental and other stressors on bloodpatterns in lactating animals, J. Dairy Sci., 59, 1603, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(76)84413-X
Kamal, 1969, The effect of natural environment of the Sahara and controlled climate on thyroid gland activity in Friesian cattle and water buffaloes, Int. J. Biometeorol., 13, 275, 10.1007/BF01553035
1952
1954
Legates, 1991, Body temperature and respiratory rate of lactating dairy cattle under field and chamber conditions, J. Dairy Sci., 74, 2491, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78426-9
Lemerle, 1986, Assessment of heat stress in dairy cattle in Papua New Guinea, Anim. Health Prod., 18, 232, 10.1007/BF02359540
Lu, 1989, Effect of heat stress on goat production, Small Rumin. Res., 2, 151, 10.1016/0921-4488(89)90040-0
Lynch, 1985, Perinatal and post-shearing losses in sheep, 83
McArthur, 1988, Body temperature of homeotherms and the conservation of energy and water, J. Therm. Biol., 3, 9, 10.1016/0306-4565(88)90003-4
McCrabb, 1993, Lamb birthweight in sheep differently acclimatized to a hot environment, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 44, 933, 10.1071/AR9930933
McCrabb, 1993, Heat stress during mid-pregnancy in sheep and the consequences for placental and fetal growth, J. Agric. Sci. Camb., 120, 265, 10.1017/S0021859600074311
McCrabb, 1995, The thermal response of sheep to a hot environment in different years, J. Agric. Sci. Camb., 125, 153, 10.1017/S0021859600074608
McDowell, 1976, Effects of climate on performance of Holsteins in first lactation, J. Dairy Sci., 59, 965, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(76)84305-6
MacFarlane, 1972, Comparative water and energy economy of wild and domestic mammals, Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond., 31, 261
McLean, 1963, The partition of insensible losses of body weight and heat from cattle under various climatic conditions, J. Physiol. (Lond.), 167, 427, 10.1113/jphysiol.1963.sp007160
McLean, 1983, Body heat storage in steers (Bos taurus) in fluctuating thermal environment, J. Agric. Sci. Camb., 100, 315, 10.1017/S0021859600033463
Magdub, 1982, Effect of environment heat and dietary fiber on thyroid physiology of the lactating cows, Int. J. Biometeorol., 25, 2323
Maltz, 1984, Homeostatic responses to water deprivation or haemorrhage in lactating and non-lactating Bedouin goats, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 77A, 79, 10.1016/0300-9629(84)90015-X
Maltz, 1994, Diurnal fluctuations in plasma ions and water intake of dairy cows as affected by lactation in warm weather, J. Dairy Sci., 77, 2630, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77204-0
Manteca, 1994, Effects of poor forage conditions on the behaviour of grazing ruminants, Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 26, 129, 10.1007/BF02241068
Montgomery, 1984, The effects of stimulation on the ultra-structure of the human atrichial sweat gland. 1. The fundus, Br. J. Dermatol., 110, 319, 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04652.x
Morgan, 1998, Thermoneutral zone and critical temperatures of horses, J. Therm. Biol., 23, 59, 10.1016/S0306-4565(97)00047-8
Mount, 1973, The concept of thermal neutrality, 425
Muller, 1994, Effect of shade on various parameters of Friesian cows in a Mediterranean climate in South Africa. 1. Feed and water intake, milk production and milk composition, South Afric. J. Anim. Sci., 24, 49
Muller, 1994, Effect of shade on various parameters of Friesian cows in a Mediterranean climate in South Africa. 2. Physiological responses, South Afric. J. Anim. Sci., 24, 56
Muller, 1994, Effect of shade on various parameters of Friesian cows in a Mediterranean climate in South Africa. 3. Behavior, South Afric. J. Anim. Sci., 24, 61
Niwano, 1990, Suppressed peripheral blood lymphocyte blastogenesis in pre- and postpartal sheep by chronic heat-stress, and suppressive property of heat-stressed sheep serum on lymphocytes, Dev. Comp. Immunol., 14, 139, 10.1016/0145-305X(90)90016-8
Ocfemia, 1993, Reduced foetal growth and lactation by does heat-stressed from mid-pregnancy, Small Rumin. Res., 11, 33, 10.1016/0921-4488(93)90115-X
Olsson, 1995, Heat stress causes excessive drinking in fed and food deprived pregnant goats, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 110A, 309, 10.1016/0300-9629(94)00186-W
Richards, 1985, Milk production of Friesian cows subjected to high daytime temperatures when food either ad lib or at nighttime only, Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 17, 141, 10.1007/BF02355873
Roberts, 1984, Plotting a better future for lambs: a practical guide to providing shade [Heat stress reduction, sheep production, Tamarix articulata, Queensland], Queensland Agric. J., 110, 25
Robertshaw, 1981, The environmental physiology of animal production, 3
Robertshaw, 1980, Scrotal thermoregulation of the bull (Bos spp.), Aust. J. Agric. Res., 31, 401, 10.1071/AR9800401
Robertshaw, 1983, The effect of dehydration on the control of panting and sweating in the black Bedouin goat, Physiol. Zool., 56, 412, 10.1086/physzool.56.3.30152606
Roman-Ponce, 1977, Physiological and production responses of dairy cattle to shade structure in a subtropical environment, J. Dairy Sci., 60, 424, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(77)83882-4
Schmidt-Nielsen, 1964
Schneider, 1986, Responses of lactating cows to dietary sodium source and quantity and potassium quantity during heat stress, J. Dairy Sci., 69, 99, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(86)80374-5
Scott, 1983, Effect of programmed diurnal temperature cycles on plasma thyroxine level, body temperature, and feed intake of Holstein Dairy cows, Int. J. Biometeorol., 27, 47, 10.1007/BF02186300
Shalit, 1991, Water, Na, K, and Cl metabolism of dairy cows at onset of lactation in hot weather, J. Dairy Sci., 74, 1873, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78353-7
Shebaita, 1982, Heat load and heat dissipation in sheep and goats under environmental heat stress, Vol. 2, 459
Silanikove, 1987, Impact of shade in hot Mediterranean summer on feed intake, feed utilization and body fluid distribution in sheep, Appetite, 9, 207, 10.1016/S0195-6663(87)80014-4
Silanikove, 1989, Interrelationships between water, food and digestible energy intake in desert and non-desert goats, Appetite, 12, 163, 10.1016/0195-6663(89)90114-1
Silanikove, 1992, Effects of water scarcity and hot environment on appetite and digestion in ruminants: a review, Livest. Prod. Sci., 30, 175, 10.1016/S0301-6226(06)80009-6
Silanikove, 1994, The struggle to maintain hydration and osmoregulation in animals experiencing severe dehydration and rapid rehydration: the story of ruminants, Exp. Physiol., 79, 381, 10.1113/expphysiol.1994.sp003764
Silanikove, 1997, Why goats raised on harsh environment perform better than other domesticated animals, Options Méditerranénnes, 34, 185
Silanikove, 2000, The physiological basis of adaptation of goats to scarcity of food and water in harsh environments, Small Rumin. Res., 35, 181, 10.1016/S0921-4488(99)00096-6
Silanikove, 1989, Rumen volume saliva flow-rate, and systemic fluid homeostasis in dehydrated cattle, Am. J. Physiol., 256, R809
Silanikove, 1992, Interrelationships between lack of shading shelter and poultry litter supplementation: feed intake, body weight, water metabolism and embryo loss in beef cows grazing dry Mediterranean pasture, Anim. Prod., 55, 371, 10.1017/S000335610002105X
Silanikove, 1992, Toxicity induced by poultry litter consumption: Effect on parameters reflecting liver function in beef cows, Anim. Prod., 54, 203, 10.1017/S0003356100036813
Silanikove, 1987, Interrelationship between metabolism of tritiated water, 22sodium and dry matter intake in beef cows fed poultry litter and wheat straw in free choice, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 87A, 113, 10.1016/0300-9629(87)90108-3
Silanikove, 1997, Metabolism of water, sodium, potassium and chlorine by high yielding dairy cows at the onset of lactation, J. Dairy Sci., 80, 949, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76019-3
Singh, 1978, Acclimatization of young calves to high temperatures:responses, Am. J. Vet. Res., 39, 795
Stephenson, 1984, Reduction of the effects of heat stress on lamb birth weight and survival by provision of shade, 223
1954
Stott, 1972, Reproductive health program for cattle subjected to environmental temperatures, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 16, 1339
Thatcher, 1974, Effects of season, climate and temperature on reproduction and lactation, J. Dairy Sci., 57, 360, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(74)84894-0
Thomas, 1986, Effects of ambient temperature and heat cooling on energy expenditure, food intake and heat tolerance of Brahman and Brahman×Fresian cattle working on treadmills, Anim. Prod., 43, 83, 10.1017/S0003356100018353
Webster, 1991, Metabolic responses of farm animals to high temperature, Eur. Assoc. Anim. Prod., 55, 15
West, 1999, Nutritional strategies for managing the heat-stressed dairy cow, J. Anim. Sci., 77, 21
Yamamato, 1994, Effect of solar radiation on the heat load of dairy heifers, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 45, 1741, 10.1071/AR9941741
Young, 1993, Implication of excessive heat load to the welfare of cattle in feedlots, 45
1985, Vol. 1