Effects of crown architecture and stand structure on light absorption in mixed and monospecific<i>Fagus sylvatica</i>and<i>Pinus sylvestris</i>forests along a productivity and climate gradient through Europe

Journal of Ecology - Tập 106 Số 2 - Trang 746-760 - 2018
David I. Forrester1,2, Christian Ammer3, Peter Annighöfer3, Ignacio Barbeito4, Kamil Bielak5, Andrés Bravo‐Oviedo6,7, Lluís Coll8, Miren del Rı́o6,7, Lars Drößler9, Michael Heym10, Václav Hurt11, Magnus Löf9, J. den Ouden12, Maciej Pach13, Mário Pereira14, Benjamin N. E. Plaga1, Quentin Ponette15, Jerzy Skrzyszewski13, Hubert Sterba16, Miroslav Svoboda17, Tzvetan Zlatanov18, Hans Pretzsch10
1Chair of Silviculture Albert‐Ludwigs‐Universität Freiburg Freiburg Germany
2Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
3Abteilung Waldbau und Waldökologie der gemäßigten Zonen Georg‐August‐Universität Göttingen Göttingen Germany
4Laboratoire d’Etude des Ressources Forêt Bois (LERFoB), INRA centre of Nancy, Champenoux, France
5Department of Silviculture Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warszawa Poland
6Department of Silviculture and Forest Management INIA Forest Research Centre INIA‐CIFOR Forest Research Centre Madrid Spain
7Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute University of Valladolid &amp; INIA Madrid Spain
8Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering – Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
9Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
10Chair for Forest Growth and Yield Science Technische Universität München München Germany
11Department of Silviculture, Mendel University, Brno, Czech Republic
12Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University &amp; Research Wageningen The Netherlands
13Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland
14Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro‐Ambientais e Biológicas CITAB Universidade de Trás‐os‐Montes e Alto Douro, UTAD Vila Real Portugal
15Faculty of Bioscience Engineering &amp; Earth and Life Institute Universite Catholique de Louvain Louvain‐la‐Neuve Belgium
16Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Boku, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
17Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
18Department of Silviculture, Forest Research Institute, Sofia, Bulgaria

Tóm tắt

AbstractWhen tree‐species mixtures are more productive than monocultures, higher light absorption is often suggested as a cause. However, few studies have quantified this effect and even fewer have examined which light‐related interactions are most important, such as the effects of species interactions on tree allometric relationships and crown architecture, differences in vertical or horizontal canopy structure, phenology of deciduous species or the mixing effects on tree size and stand density.In this study, measurements of tree sizes and stand structures were combined with a detailed tree‐level light model (Maestra) to examine the contribution of each light‐related interaction on tree‐ and stand‐level light absorption at 21 sites, each of which contained a triplet of plots including a mixture and monocultures ofFagus sylvaticaandPinus sylvestris(63 plots). These sites were distributed across the current distribution of these species within Europe.Averaged across all sites, the light absorption of mixtures was 14% higher than the mean of the monocultures. At the whole community level, this positive effect of mixing on light absorption increased as canopy volume or site productivity increased, but was unrelated to climate. At the species population or individual tree levels, the mixing effect on light absorption resulted from light‐related interactions involving vertical canopy structure, stand density, the presence of a deciduous species (F. sylvatica), as well as the effects of mixing on tree size and allometric relationships between diameter and height, crown diameter and crown length.The mixing effects on light absorption were only correlated with the mixing effects on growth forP. sylvestris, suggesting that the mixing effects on this species were driven by the light‐related interactions, whereas mixing effects onF. sylvaticaor whole community growth were probably driven by non‐light‐related interactions.Synthesis. The overall positive effect of mixing on light absorption was the result of a range of light‐related interactions. However, the relative importance of these interactions varied between sites and is likely to vary between other species combinations and as stands develop.

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Journal of Ecology

Tập 106 Số 2

746-760

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