Effects of agricultural intensification on plant diversity in Mediterranean dryland cereal fields

Journal of Applied Ecology - Tập 47 Số 4 - Trang 832-840 - 2010
Laura José‐María, Laura Armengot1, José M. Blanco‐Moreno1, Montserrat Bassa1, F. Xavier Sans1
1Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain

Tóm tắt

Summary 1. Agricultural intensification, at field and landscape scales, has caused a decrease in weed richness and changes in species composition. In order to prevent this loss of diversity and develop efficient management regimes, it is important to understand how both aspects of intensification affect plant diversity and the way in which they interact. 2. This study assessed plant diversity at the centre, edges and boundaries of 29 organic and 29 conventional cereal fields distributed in 15 agrarian localities of the NE Iberian Peninsula. We focused on the composition of plant assemblages and on the specific richness at the field level, which was calculated for the whole set of species and for that of characteristic arable weeds. The percentage of arable land together with human settlements was used as a surrogate for landscape complexity and the amount of nitrogen inputs for land‐use intensity. 3. Our results show that both scales of agricultural intensification have a similar negative effect on the total plant species and characteristic arable weed richness, and they also affect plant assemblages. Furthermore, we found no strong interaction between landscape and land‐use intensity for explaining total plant richness. 4. The relative importance of farming intensity and landscape varies depending on the location within the field, which can be attributed to differences in the agricultural impact and limited seed dispersal from adjacent habitats. Management is the main factor in explaining differences among field centres, whereas changes at boundaries are mainly due to landscape characteristics, and at edges both factors are relevant. 5. Synthesis and applications. To preserve agricultural plant diversity it is equally important to prevent agricultural intensification at field and landscape scales. Policies enhancing low‐intensity management techniques, such as organic farming, are the main way to promote diversity inside the fields and will be equally beneficial in simple and complex landscapes for total plant species richness. To maintain diversity within agricultural areas, it is also important to reduce farming intensity at the edges, which would favour characteristic arable weeds and margins’ overall plant diversity.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00081-1

10.1111/j.1365-3180.2005.00472.x

10.2307/2404990

Bates D.M., 2008, Lme4: Linear Mixed‐Effects Models Using S4 Classes

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01005.x

De Bolòs O., 2005, Flora Manual Dels Països Catalans

10.1016/j.agee.2007.05.010

Burnham K.P., 2002, Model Selection and Multimodel Inference

Chamorro L., 2007, XI Congreso SEMh. La Malherbología en los Nuevos Sistemas de Producción Agraria, 51

10.1051/agro:2004049

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01294.x

10.1007/s10980-007-9150-2

Departament de Medi Ambient Generalitat de Catalunya(2004)Cartografia dels hàbitats a Catalunya 1:50 000.

10.1016/j.agee.2004.10.003

10.1016/j.actao.2006.03.010

Folch R., 1997, El Paisatge Ambiental Mediterrani: L’estructura Ecopaisatgística de la Mediterrània Occidental

10.1016/j.ppees.2005.04.001

10.1890/1051-0761(2006)016[2011:BDADSS]2.0.CO;2

Gabriel D. Sait S.M. Kunin W.E.&Benton T.G.(2009)Effects of organic farming on plant diversity in crop and grass fields at different spatial scales.Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop of EWRS Working group: Weeds and Biodiversity pp.29–30. Lleida Spain.

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01270.x

10.1016/j.biocon.2004.07.018

10.1007/978-94-017-0916-3_19

10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00117-8

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2003.00868.x

10.1016/S0006-3207(96)00153-X

10.1098/rspb.2008.1509

10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0001:DBRATM]2.0.CO;2

10.1890/04-1398

10.2307/2403665

10.1111/j.1365-3180.2008.00670.x

10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00315-2

10.1046/j.1365-3180.2003.00326.x

10.1016/0167-8809(95)00609-V

10.1007/BF00038690

Ninyerola M., 2005, Atlas Climático Digital de la Península Ibérica. Metodología y Aplicaciones en Bioclimatología y Geobotánica

Oksanen J., 2009, Vegan – Community Ecology Package Project

R Developement Core Team, 2008, R: A Language and Enviroment for Statistical Computing

10.1046/j.1365-2664.2002.00695.x

10.1016/j.agee.2007.08.002

Romero A. Chamorro L. Blanco‐Moreno J.M. Armengot L. José‐María L.&Sans F.X.(2008b)Effects of landscape agricultural intensification and management on weed species richness in the edges of dryland cereal fields.Proceedings of the Second Scientific Conference of the International Society of Organic Agriculture Research (ISOFAR) pp.640–643. Modena Italy.

10.1016/j.agee.2004.05.010

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2005.01072.x

10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01233.x

10.1016/S0006-3207(99)00119-6

10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02421-1

10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00782.x

10.1023/A:1023617117780

10.2307/2405097

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Applied Ecology

Tập 47 Số 4

832-840

Thông tin tác giả