Effects of acid concentration, temperature, and time on recycling of post-vehicle-application lithium-ion batteries of varying chemistries

Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, Federal Vehicle Standards. http://www.c2ES.org/federal/executive/vehicle-standards (2014). Accessed 27 September 2014

Richa, K., Babbitt, C.W., Gaustad, G., Wang, X.: A future perspective on lithium-ion battery waste flows from electric vehicles. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 83, 63–76 (2014)

Foster, M., Isely, P., Standridge, C.R., Hasan, MdM: Feasibility assessment of remanufacturing, repurposing, and recycling of end of vehicle application lithium-ion batteries. J. Ind. Eng. Manag. 7, 698–715 (2014)

Schneider, E.L., Kindlein, W., Souza, S., Malfatti, C.F.: Assessment and reuse of secondary batteries cells. J. Power Sour. 189, 1264–1269 (2009)

Andrijanovits, A., Hoimoja, H., Vinnikov, D.: Comparative review of long-term energy storage technologies for renewable energy systems. Electron. Electr. Eng. 118, 21–26 (2012)

Yang, Z., Liu, J., Baskaran, S., Imhoff, C.H., Holladay, J.D.: Enabling renewable energy and the future grid with advanced electricity storage. JOM 62, 14–23 (2012)

Diaz-Gonzalez, F., Sumper, A., Gomis-Bellmunt, O., Villafafila-Robles, R.: A review of energy storage technologies for wind power applications. Renew. Sustain Energy Rev. 16, 2154–2171 (2012)

Gratz, E., Sa, Q., Apelian, D., Wang, Y.: A closed loop process for recycling spent lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sour. 262, 255–262 (2014)

Georgi-Maschler, T., Friedrich, B., Weyhe, R., Heegn, H., Rutz, M.: Development of a recycling process for Li-ion batteries. J. Power Sour. 207, 173–182 (2012)

Paulino, J.F., Busnardo, N.G., Afonso, J.C.: Recovery of valuable elements from spent Li-Batteries. J. Hazard. Mater. 150, 843–849 (2008)

Lain, M.J.: Recycling of lithium ion cells and batteries. J. Power Sour. 97–98, 736–738 (2001)

Contestabile, M., Panero, S., Scrosati, B.: A laboratory-scale lithium-ion battery recycling process. J. Power Sour. 92, 65–69 (2001)

Standridge, C.R., Corneal, L.: Remanufacturing, repurposing, and recycling of post-vehicle-application lithium-ion batteries. Mineta National Transit research consortium, San Jose, CA. transweb.sjsu.edu/project/1137.html (2014). Accessed 25 November 2014

Dunn, J.B., Gaines, L., Barnes, M., Sullivan, J., Wang, M.: Material and energy flows in the materials production, assembly, and end-of-life stages of the automotive lithium-ion battery life cycle. Energy. Sys. Division Argonne. Natl. Lab. Rep. (2012)

Lain, M.J.: Recycling of lithium ion cells and batteries. J. Power Sour. 97–98, 736–738 (2001)

Zhang, P., Yokoyama, T., Itabashi, O., Suzuki, T.M., Inoue, K.: Hydrometallurgical process for recovery of metal values from spent lithium-ion secondary batteries. Hydrometallurgy 47, 259–271 (1998)

Dorella, G., Mansur, M.: A study of the separation of cobalt from spent Li-ion battery residues. J. Power Sour. 170, 210–215 (2007)

Li, L., Ge, J., Chen, R., Wu, F., Chen, S., Zhang, X.: Environmental friendly leaching reagent for cobalt and lithium recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries. Waste Manag. 30, 2615–2621 (2010)

Georgi-Maschler, T., Friedrich, B., Weyhe, R., Heegn, H., Rutz, M.: Development of a recycling process for Li-ion batteries. J. Power Sour. 207, 173–182 (2012)

Xin, B.P., Zhang, D., Zhang, X., Xia, Y., Wu, F., Chen, S., Li, L.: Bioleaching mechanism of Co and Li from spent lithium-ion battery by the mixed culture of acidophilic sulfur-oxidizing and iron-oxidizing bacteria. Bioresour. Technol. 100, 6163–6169 (2009)

Benali, O., Larabi, L., Harek, Y.: Inhibiting effects of 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole on copper corrosion in 0.5 M sulfuric acid. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 14, 231–235 (2010)