Effect of watertable depth on evaporation and salt accumulation from saline groundwater

Soil Research - Tập 43 Số 5 - Trang 565 - 2005
D. A. Rose1, Fatih Konukcu2, J.W. Gowing1
1School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
2Trakya University, Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Department of Agricultural Construction and Irrigation, 59030 Tekirdag, Turkey.

Tóm tắt

When the evaporative demand is greater than the ability of the soil to conduct water in the liquid phase, the soil profile above a watertable exhibits a liquid−vapour discontinuity, known as the evaporation front, that affects the depth of salinisation and the rate of evaporation. We conducted experiments on a sandy loam with shallow saline watertables under high isothermal evaporative demand (24 mm/day), monitoring rates of evaporation from the soil and upward movement of groundwater, and observing profiles of soil water and salinity over periods of up to 78 days. Three zones were distinguished in the soil profile: a zone of liquid flow above the watertable, a zone of vapour flow close to the surface, and an intermediate transition zone in which mixed liquid−vapour flow occurred. The vapour-flow zone above the evaporation front appeared after a few days and progressed downward to depths of 40, 60, and 120 mm, while eventual steady-state rates of evaporation were 1.3, 1.1, and 0.3 mm/day for watertable depths of 300, 450, and 700 mm, respectively. Salts mainly accumulated in the transition zone, suggesting that the depth of the evaporation front should be a criterion to locate and prevent salinisation as a result of capillary flow from a watertable in arid regions.

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Tài liệu tham khảo

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Soil Research

Tập 43 Số 5

565

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