Effect of magnetic storms and substorms on GPS slips at high latitudes

Yeh, K.C. and Liu, C.H., Radio wave scintillations in the ionosphere, Proc. IEEE, 1982, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 24–64.

Pi, X., Mannucci, A.J., Lindqwister, U.J., and Ho, C.M., Monitoring of global ionospheric irregularities using the worldwide GPS network, Geophys. Res. Lett., 1997, vol. 24, no. 18, pp. 2283–2286.

Ledvina, B.M., Makela, J.J., and Kintner, P.M., First observations of intense GPS L1 amplitude scintillations at midlatitude, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2002, vol. 29, no. 14. doi 10.1029/2002GL014770

Ma, G.T., Maruyama a super bubble detected by dense GPS network at east Asian longitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2006, vol. 33, L21103.

Demyanov, V.V., Yasyukevich, Yu.V., Ishin, A.B., and Astafyeva, E.I., Effects of ionosphere super-bubble on the GPS positioning performance depending on the orientation relative to geomagnetic field, GPS Solutions, 2012, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 181–189. doi 10.1007/s10291-011-0217-9

Afraimovich, E.L., Demyanov, V.V., Gavrilyuk, N.S., et al., Malfunction of satellite navigation systems GPS and GLONASS caused by powerful radio emission of the Sun during solar flares on December 6 and 13, 2006, and October 28, 2003, Cosmic Res., 2009, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 126–137.

Klobuchar, J.A., Kunches, J.M., and Van Dierendonck, A.J., Eye on the ionosphere: Potential solar radio burst effects on GPS signal to noise, GPS Solutions, 1999, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 69–71.

Skone, S. and de Jong, M., Limitations in GPS receiver tracking performance under ionospheric scintillation, Phys. Chem. Earth, 2001, vol. 26, nos. 6–8, pp. 613–621.

Skone, S. and de Jong, M., The impact of geomagnetic substorms on GPS receiver performance, Earth, Planets Space, 2000, vol. 52, pp. 1067–1071.

Doherty, P.H., Delay, S.H., Valladares, C.E., and Klobuchar, J.A., Ionospheric scintillation effects in the equatorial and auroral regions, in Proceedings of the International Beacon Satellite Symposium, June 4–6, 2001, Boston, 2001, pp. 328–333.

Afraimovich, E.L., Lesyuta, O.S., Ushakov, I.I., and Voyeikov, S.V., Geomagnetic storms and the occurrence of phase slips in the reception of GPS signals, Ann. Geophys., 2002, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 55–71.

Afraimovich, E.L., Demyanov, V.V., and Kondakova, T.N., Degradation of performance of the navigation GPS system in geomagnetically disturbed conditions, GPS Solutions, 2003, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 109–119.

Afraimovich, E.L., Astafyeva, E.I., Demyanov, V.V., et al., A review of GPS/GLONASS studies of the ionospheric response to natural and anthropogenic processes and phenomena, J. Space Weather Space Clim., 2013, vol. 3, p. A27.

Jakowski, N., Stankov, S.M., and Klaehn, D., Operational space weather service for GNSS precise positioning, Ann. Geophys., 2005, vol. 23, pp. 3071–3079.

Jakowski, N., Mayer, C., Wilken, V., and Borries, C., Ionospheric storms at high and mid-latitudes monitored by ground and space based GPS techniques, in Proceedings of the International Beacon Satellite Symposium, Boston College, June 11–15, Boston, 2007, pp. 48–53.

Basu, Su., Basu, S., Makela, J.J., et al., Large magnetic storm-induced nighttime ionospheric flows at midlatitudes and their impacts on GPS-based navigation systems, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2008, vol. 113, A00A06. doi 10.1029/2008JA013076

Rama Rao, P.V.S., Gopi Krishna, S., Vara Prasad, J., et al., Geomagnetic storm effects on GPS based navigation, Ann. Geophys., 2009, vol. 27, pp. 2101–2110.

Bergeot, N., Bruyninx, C., Defraigne, P., et al., Impact of the Halloween 2003 ionospheric storms on kinematic GPS positioning in Europe, GPS Solutions, 2011, vol. 15, pp. 171–180. doi 10.1007/s10291-010-0181-9

Demyanov, V.V., Yasyukevich, Yu.V., and Jin, S., Effects of solar radio emission and ionospheric irregularities on GPS/GLONASS performance, in Geodetic Sciences—Observations, Modeling and Applications, Jin, S., Ed., InTech, 2013, pp. 177–222.

Astafyeva, E., Yasyukevich, Y., Maksikov, A., and Zhivetiev, I., Geomagnetic storms, super-storms, and their impacts on GPS-based navigation systems, Space Weather, 2014, vol. 12, no. 7, pp. 508–525. doi 10.1002/2014SW001072

Afraimovich, E.L., Dem’yanov, V.V., and Kondakova, T.N., Quality analysis of the operation of dualfrequency GPS receivers during geomagnetic storms, Issledovano v Rossi, 2004, no. 6, pp. 164–173. http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2004/016.pdf

Kaplan, E.D., Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications, Boston: Artech House, 1996.

Aarons, J. and Lin, B.J., Development of high-latitude phase fluctuations during the January 10, April 10–11, and May 15, 1997 magnetic storms, J. Atmos. Sol.–Terr. Phys., 1999, vol. 61, pp. 309–327.

Mushini, S.C., Jayachandran, P.T., Langley, R.B., and Pokhotelov, D., Improved amplitude- and phase-scintillation indices derived from wavelet detrended highlatitude GPS data, GPS Solutions, 2012, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 363–373. doi 10.1007/s10291-011-0238-4

Basu, S., Basu, S., MacKenzie, E., and Whitney, H.E., Morphology of phase and intensity scintillations in the auroral oval and polar cap, Radio Sci., 1985, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 347–356.

Béniguel, Y., Forte, B., Radicella, S.M., et al., Scintillations effects on satellite to Earth links for telecommunication and navigation purposes, Ann. Geophys., 2004, vol. 47, nos. 2–3, pp. 1179–1199.

Meggs, R.W., Mitchell, C.M., and Honary, F., GPS scintillation over the European Arctic during the November 2004 storms, GPS Solutions, 2008, vol. 12, pp. 281–287.

Kuznetsov, V.D., Space weather and risks of space activity, Kosm. Tekh. Tekhnol., 2014, no. 3, pp. 3–13.

Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., Lichtenegger, H., and Collins, J., GPS: Theory and Practice, New York: Springer, 1998.

Dow, J.M., Neilan, R.E., and Rizos, C., The international GNSS service in a changing landscape of global navigation satellite systems, J. Geod., 2009, vol. 83, nos. 3–4, pp. 191–198. doi 10.1007/s00190-008-0300-3

Jayachandran, P.T., Langley, R.B., MacDougall, J.W., et al., The Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN), Radio Sci., 2009, no. 44, RS0A03. doi 10.1029/2008RS004046

Global Positioning Systems Directorate, Systems Engineering and Integration Interface Specification IS-GPS-200. September 5, 2012. http://www.gps.gov/technical/icwg//IS-GPS-200G.pdf